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LIBRARYJ)F^NGRESS, 

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PRESENTED BY 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ^ 



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MEMORIAL 

OF THE 

CELEBRATION OF THE TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH 

ANNIVERSARY OF THE INCORPORATION 

OF THE 

TOWN OF MALDEN 

MASSACHUSETTS 
May, 1899 




HON. ELISHA S. and MRS. MARY D. CONVERSE 



MEMORIAL 

OF THE CELEBRATION OF THE TWO HUNDRED 

AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 

INCORPORATION OF THE 

TOWN OF MALDEN 

MASSACHUSETTS 

May, 1899 



Praise to our God ; throngh all otir fast His mighty arm hath held us fast ; 
Till wars and perils, toils and tears have brought the rich and fruitful years. 

Ellerton 




CAMBRIDGE 

^rmtrt at SEfje ^Inibergitg Press 
1900 






.^>^ 



51596 



Comim'ttrc an tijc f^ftcmorial Uoliime. 



DELORAINE P. COREY, Chairman. 
ARTHUR M. CUM MINGS, Secretary. 
SYLVESTER BAXTER. 
WILLIAM B. DE LAS CASAS. 
GEORGE E. GAY. 



CONTENTS. 



Page 

PREPARATION 1 

REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE 4 

ORGANIZATION 8 

WORK OF THE COMMITTEES 14 

INVITED GUESTS 17 

POLICE SERVICE 21 

PRESS COMMITTEE 22 

Saturdav, May 20. 

PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 27 

Aaron C. Dowse 30 

Mayor Charles L. Dean 31 

Ode, Arthur M. Cummings 33 

John Langdon Sullivan, M.D 34 

George E. Gay 36 

Marcellus Coggan 38 

John E. Farnham 40 

Erastus B. Powers 42 

George A. Littlefield 44 

Frank A. Hill 50 

CAPTAIN DODD'S TROOPERS 53 

RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 54 

Rev. Henry H. French, D.D 55 

Rev. Aaron C. Adams, D.D 57 

Rev. Addison P. Foster, D.D 60 

Rev. Joshua W. Wellman, D.D 62 

Rev. Charles H. Pope 68 

JUBILEE ENTERTAINMENT 71 

vii 



viii CONTENTS 

Page 

Sunday, Mat 21. 

COMMEMORATIVE SERVICES 75 

First Chuuch 75 

First Parish 9t'' 

Centre Methodist Episcopal Church 102 

First Baptist Church Ill 

Church of the Immaculate Conception 117 

Church of the Sacred Hearts 123 

Maplewood Methodist Episcopal Church 124 

St. Paul's Church 131 

Linden^ Methodist Episcopal Church . . . 137 

First Unitarian Congregational Church 141 

St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Linden 147 

CELEBRATION BY THE FREE CATHOLIC SCHOOLS 149 

George H. Conley 151 

UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 154 

Rev. Edwin H. Hughes 157 

Rev. Henry H. French, D.D 159 

Rt. Rev. William Lawrence, D.D 161 

OVERFLOW MEETING 170 

Rev. William I. Haven 170 

Rev. Frederick Edwards 171 

Monday, May 22. 

EXERCISES OF MONDAY 177 

ATHLETIC AND FIELD SPORTS 179 

Water Sports 179 

Bicycle Races 181 

Track and Field Sports 182 

Gaelic Foot-Ball 184 

Base-Ball 184 

Obstacle Races 184 

Golf 185 

BALLOON ASCENSION 185 

CHILDREN'S ENTERTAINMENTS 186 

LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES 189 

Chorus and Orchestra 191 

Introduction, Mayor Charles L. Dean 197 

Invocation, Rev. Richard Neagle 198 

Address of Welcome, Deloraine P. Corey 199 



CONTENTS ix 

Page 
LITERAEY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES, Continued. 

Ode, John Langdon Spllivan, M.D 202 

Oration, Arthur H. Wellman 202 

Poem, "Old Malden," Rev. Theron Brown 219 

Festival Anthem, Obadiah B. Brown 230 

PROMENADE CONCERT AND BALL 231 

Tuesday, Mat 23. 

EXERCISES OF TUESDAY 237 

MILITARY AND CIVIC PARADE 239 

Roster of the Parade 241 

FIREWORKS 253 

BANQUET 2.54 

Eugene Nelson 257 

William N. Osgood 257 

Gov. Roger Wolcott 258 

George F. Hoar 261 

Mayor Charles L. Dean 262 

Elisha S. Converse 265 

Ernest W. Roberts 267 

William B. de las Casas 270 

John L. Bates 274 

Alfred E. Cox 278 

Col. Curtis Guild, Jr 279 

Rev. Edwin H. Hughes 283 

In General. 

HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 291 

HISTORIC SPOTS 317 

GRAVES OF REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS AND OTHERS . . . 323 

CORRESPONDENCE, ETC 325 

AFTERMATH 332 

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES 339 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page 

Hon. Elisha S. and Mrs. Mary D. Converse .... Fivntispiece 

Portraits — The Executive Committee (1) facing 4 

The Executive Committee (2) . 8 

Chairmen of Committees (I) 12 

Chairmen of Committees (2) 16 

Chairmen of Committees (3) 20 

Charles L. Dean, Mayor 24 

High School — Reproduction of First Schoolhouse . . 28 

The Anniversary Building 32 

The City Hall 40 

Converse Memorial Building — Malden Public Library. 48 

Central Square and Pleasant Street 64 

Central Square and Main Street 80 

The First Baptist Church 112 

Portraits — The Orator, etc 176 

Program Title — Literary and Musical Exercises . . 196 

Souvenir Plate 254 

Menu Cover 256 

The Banquet Hall — Anniversary Building 272 

The Parade — Chief Marshal Harry E. Converse and 

Staff 96 

Wenepoykin Tribe, L O. R. M 104 

Puritans and Indians — St. Mary's Catholic T. A. Society 120 

■ Float — St. Mary's Catholic T. A. Society 128 

First Battalion Cavalry, M. V. M 136 

The Governor's Carriage 144 

The Artillery — " Rough Walkers " 152 

Indians — St. Mary's Catholic T. A. Society 160 

Veteran Firemen (Everett) 168 

Everett High School Boys — Ancient Fire Engine . 184 

Hand Engine Endeavor, No. 3, North Malden, 1846 192 

xi 



xii ILL US TRA TIONS 

Page 

The Escort — First Corps Cadets, M. V. M. (1) . . . facing 208 

First Corps Cadets, M. V. M. (2) 216 

The Review — The Governor Arriving at the Reviewing 

Stand 224 

First Regiment Heavy Artillery, M. V. M 232 

First Battalion Cavalry, M. V. M 240 

U. S. Grant Post 4 (Melrose) 246 

The Rough Walkers — Fourth Division 260 

Portion of Sixth Division (Melrose) 266 

Portion of Seventh Division 276 

Central Square — After the Review 282 

Loan Exhibition. Plan of Rooms 290 

Design for Cover of Catalogue 292 

Portraits and Malden Views 298 

Exhibition of Portraits 304 

The Parlor 308 

Faulkner School Collection 316 



THE CELEBRATION 

OF THE 

Two IIui^DRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



OF THE INCORPORATION OF 



THE TOWN OF MALUEN. 



THE PREPARATION. 

THE territor}' now covered by the cities of Maiden, Everett, and 
INIelrose was originally a portion of the common lands per- 
taining to the settlement of Charlestown ; and it first appears under 
the name of Mystic Side in 1634, when a division was made of the 
uplands lying along tiie margin of the marshes of the North and 
South rivers. Other allotments were subsequently made, the largest 
and most important of which was in 1638, bv whicii most of the land 
south of the Middlesex and Scadan Fells became sulyect to private 
ownership. Some settlements may have been made at an early date 
at Moulton's Island and Sweetser's Point; but there is no certain 
knowledge of an actual settlement until 1640, when several house- 
holders were mentioned and a ferry was established upon the 
Mystic. 

Earl}' in 1649, settlers having increased, a cliurch was gathered, 
and an agreement for a separation was made with Charlestown, by 
which the territory known as Mystic Side was to become a distinct 
town, with the exception of that section whicli now forms the south- 
western portion of the present city of Everett, which remained with 
the parent town until 1726. This agreement was soon confirmed by 
the General Court ; and the following entries upon the records of the 
colony record the incorporation of the town of Maiden : — 

"ri(i49: "I Upon the petition of JMistick side men, they are 

I\Ldui? granted to be a distinct tovvue, & the name thereof to 

be called Mauldon." 

"r 1649: "j Jii answer to the petition of seu'U inhabitants of 

.Misticke Mistickc side, their request is graunted, viz., to he a 

named distinct tonne of tliemselves, & the name thereof to 

Maulden. i at i i " 
be JMaulden. 



2 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The final action of the court occurring on May 11, 1G49, O.S., 
fixes tlie birtliday of the town upon May 21, N.S. Our fathers of 
the eigliteentli century had neither the time nor the means, had they 
possessed the desire, for local celebi-ations ; and the one hundredth 
and the one hundred and fiftieth anniversaries of the town passed 
without notice. In 1849, with more leisure and money and a grow- 
ing interest in matters of local history, the two hundredth anniversary 
was celebrated, May 23, with due observance and rejoicing. A 
record of this celebration, the precursor of the |)i-esent volume, was 
issued under the title of 77ie Bi- Centennial Book of Maiden^ in 
which may be found much that will interest and instruct the lover 
of tlie stories of tlie olden time. 

The question of a celebration of tlie com[)letion of a quarter- 
millennium had been discussed in a sliglit degree, but no general 
attention had been drawn towards the matter until tlie Hon. John E. 
Farnham, in his inaugural address as mayor of the city, January 3, 
1898, presented it to the city council and the inhabitants in tlie 
following words : — 

'^ In 1899, Maiden will be entitled to celebrate the two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of its incorporation as a town. Maiden be- 
came a town in 1649, and a city in 1882. Tlie town was incorporated 
under the statute passed in 1G49, May 2d: -Upon the petition of 
Mistickside men, they are granted to be a distinct towne, and the 
name thereof to be called Mauldon.' 

" This is an event which few communities are privileged to com- 
memorate, and it should be fittingly celebrated. It may be best to 
take some action this year so that there shall be ample provision for 
so important an event."' 

The first action was taken by the Maiden Historical Society, 
March 21, when a committee, consisting of Deloraine P. Core}*, 
Arthur H. Wellman, and Frank P^. Woodward, was appointed " to 
prepare in outline a plan for the proper observance of the two hun- 
dred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of 
Maiden, and to present the same to the cit}- government for its 
action tliereon." 

With the assistance of Mayor Farnham, who was earnest in the 
furtherance of the desires of the committee, the following order was 
prepared and introduced into the city council by Councilman J. Arthur 
Pierce. 

IN COMMON COUNCIL. 

Maldex, April 12, 1898. 

Ordered, Tliat a Committee to be composed of the Mayor, Chair- 
man of the Board of Aldermen, President of the Common Council, 



7.V THE CITY COUNCIL — BOARD OF TRADE 6 

and one Alderman, to be named I)}' the Mayor, and two members of 
the Common Council, to be named by the President of the Common 
Council, and eleven Citizens, to be named b}' the Mayor, be ap- 
pointed, to take into consideration the advisability of the celebration 
of the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of tiie incorporation of 
the town of Maiden ; and, in case they deem it advisable to have such 
celebration, to suggest some organization for carrying out such cele- 
bration and to make such further recommendations pertinent to the 
matter, as may to them seem best, and report to the City Council. 

Adopted in Common Council, Ai)ril 12, 1898. 
Adopted in Board of Aldermen, April 18, 1898. 
Approved by his Honor, the Mayor, April 21, 1898. 

The committee constituted by this order and completed by the 
appointments of the mayor was as follows: — 

Hon. John E. P\arnham, Mayor. 

James O. Otis, C ha innan of the 13 oar d of Aldermen. 

WiLLARD E. Robinson, Alderman. 

Edward L. Bkowne, President of the. Common Council. 

J. Arthur Pikuce, Councilman. 

Frank S. Arnold, Councilman. 

Hon. Elisha 8. Converse. Edwin Hawkridge. 

Samuel E. Jordan. Hon. Arthur H. Wellman. 

Joshua H. Millett. Rev. Richard Neagle. 

Deloraine p. Corey. Arthur M. Cummings. 

Maurice Dinneen. Nathan Newhall. 

Mrs. Sarah F. Sargent. 

In the meantime the Maiden Board of Trade had taken the 
following action : — 

April 13, 1898. Voted, That the president be and hereby' is 
authorized to appoint a committee of ten members, of which the presi- 
dent shall be one, to act in conjunction with the committees of the 
cit}' council and of other organizations in the matter of celebrating 
the quarter-millennial anniversary- of the incorporation of Maiden as 
a town, in the ^ear 1899. 

Committer. 

Alfred E. Cox. George H. Fall. 

Charles F. Shute. Harry H. Barrett. 

Phineas W. Sprague. Henry E. Turner. 

Joseph C. Robinson. John G. Chandler. 

John P. Holden. Albert Ammann. 



4 TWO HUXDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The coniniittees thus foiiued, with the addition of Aaron C. Dowse, 
chairman of the school board, and George E. Gay, superintendent of 
schools, held a meeting of conference, by the invitation of the mayor, 
at the city hall on the evening of May 20, at which Mayor Farnham 
presided and Alderman James O. Otis was chosen secretary. The 
meeting was one of enthusiasm ; but as there was no general knowl- 
edge of the proper scope of the intended celebration, no definite plan 
was presented. After an informal exchange of views a sub-com- 
mittee, consisting of Alfred PI Cox, Delorainc P. Corey, James F. 
Eaton, Phineas W. Sprague, and Joshua H. Millett, was appointed 
to consider the vvliole subject and to make such recommendations as 
niiglit seem desirable and practicable. 

Tiie sub-committee was organized witli Delorainc P. Corey as cliair- 
man and Phineas W. Sprague as secretary. Mr. Eaton soon after 
resigned, and his [)lace upon the (committee was not filled. Many pro- 
tracted meetings were held, and tlie members of the cominittee labored 
earnestly to outline a plan which in its appropriate and varied features 
would contain matter which would appeal to all sections and classes. 
In tlie selection of committees care was used tliat all the many 
interests of the city might be recognized, and that all might feel a 
personal interest in the success of the celebration. 

A tliorough survey of the ground which was to be covered was not 
to be perfected in a few days ; and the work of the committee was not 
completed until July 11, when its report was presented to the joint 
committee and ad()[)ted by a unanimous vote. On the same evening 
the report was adopted bj' the city committee as its own report for 
transmission to the cit}' council ; and as such it was presented at a 
special meeting of the common council, July 12, and referred to the 
committee on finance. It was subsequently returned to the council, 
and the order which accompanied it was passed and approved l)y the 
mayor as Order Xo. 481. 

This report, which was adoi)ted without a change in any particular, 
furnished a broad plan of preparation, which was subsequently carried 
out in detail with admirable fidelity by the several committees which 
it created. 

REPORT. 

Malden, June 27, 1898. 

To t/te committee appointed to take into consideration the matte}- of a proposed celebration 
of the two hundred and Jiftieth anniversary of' the incorporation of Maiden : — 

Your committee, having been instructed to present a definite plan 
embodying suitable provisions for carrying into efl!'ect the second 
portion of the instructions given by. the city government, viz. : to 
suggest some organization for carrying out such celebration, and to 




George H. Chase 
Edward L. Browne 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (1) 

Alfred E. Cox 
Chairman 



RuFus H. Sawyer 
Charles R. Elder 



REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE 5 

make such further recommendations pertuient to tlie matter as may 
seem best, hereby reports : — 

Your committee iias carefully gathered information from the pub- 
lished reports of similar celebrations held in otlier Massachusetts 
cities and towns and from other sources ; and has considered the 
same in connection with our conditions. Tiie results thus gained from 
the experience of others have been of much value and will materially 
aid the committee to which will be entrusted the execution of the 
plans which are proposed. 

The inhabitants of IMystic Side were allowed to become a "dis- 
tinct town of themselves," IMay 11, 1649, O. S. The two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of this incorporation will full upon Ma}' 21st, 
1899 ; and it is recommended that tiie event be celebrated on the 
22nd and 23rd days of May, 1899. 

The subject in all its bearings having been considered, it is 
recommended that the celebration shall occupy two days, in order 
that the confusion and distraction arising from the crowding into one 
day of many events of interest may be avoided, and that the con- 
venience and enjoyment of all may be ensured. In this your com- 
mittee has been guided not only by tlie judgment of its own members, 
but b}' the experience of those cities and towns in which successful 
celebrations have taken place. 

In pursuance of the duties imposed upon your committee, a pro- 
visional program has been adopted, fixing in a broad manner the 
events of each da}', the details of which shall be arranged and per- 
fected by the executive committee mentioned in the accompanying 
order. Such a program, in its proper performance, will be dignified 
and worthy of the occasion and the city ; and it contains in itself such 
varied elements of interest as will appeal to all. 

PROGRAM. 

Sunday, May 21st: On the Sunday before the celebration, all 
the churches of tiie city are to be requested to hold memorial services, 
at which the pastors, or others, may deliver historical sermons or 
addresses, and such other exercises may be given as shall be appro- 
priate to the day and the occasion. 

Monday, Ma}' 22nd : The day will be introduced by the ringing 
of bells and the firing of salutes. 

During the forenoon, there will be the reception and entertain- 
ment of invited guests, who will receive the hospitality of the city and 
be taken to the several points of interest. 

In the afternoon, the literary exercises will consist of a historical 
oration or address, and other literary and musical exercises. This 



6 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

will bo followed by a banquet, at which short addresses will be given 
by guests and others. The day will be closed by a promenade con- 
cert and ball. 

During the day, athletic and field sports will take place at con- 
venient [)oints, band concerts will be given, and children's entertain- 
ments will be provided. 

TuKSDAY, May 'i.'jrd : Daring the forenoon, athletic and field 
sports and children's entertainments may be continued, if found to 
be desirable. 

Tlie feature of the day will be a military and civic procession, in 
vvliich the schools, oiganizations, trades, etc., shall have prominent 
parts. 

In the evening, fireworks and illuminations, with band concerts, 
will close the celel)ration. 

In Gkneral : During the celebration, a loan exhibition should 
l)e held, at which articles connected with our town or state and 
national history, and other objects of historical or personal interest, 
may be shown. 

Preparator}' to the celebration, historic spots should be marked, 
either permanently, for the benefit of posterity, or temporarily. 

After the celebration, a memorial volume should be prepared, con- 
taining an account of tlie proceedings of the several days, with the 
sermons, addresses, and other literar}' exercises, in full, and such 
other matter as ma_y be found desirable. 

Public buildings should be appropriately decked during the cele- 
bration and illuminated u[)on the evening of the last day ; and it is 
recommended that the citizens generally be requested to decorate 
their residences and places of business. 

For the purpose of carrying into efifect this proposed program, 
your committee ofllers for your consideration a general committee of 
two hundred citizens, organized into sui)-committees, each having a 
distinct purpose, as set forth in the accompanying order. 

In the furtherance of the purposes of this committee, there is 
herewith presented the draft of a proposed order for presentation 
to the city council, which has been drawn with the intent that the 
recommendations of this report ma}' be effectually carried out ; 
and it is trusted that it will receive such consideration from you 
and from the city government as will tend to make the celebration 
successful and worthy, in tlie fullest measure, of our predecessors 
and ourselves. 

It is further recommended that the city of Elverett and the town 
of Melrose be invited by action of the city government, or otherwise, 
to participate in the celebration of the birthday of our common 
mother, the old town of Maiden. 



REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE 7 

Your committee recommends that the sum of Ten Tliousand 
Dollars be a[)propriated In' the city council to meet the expenses of 
the celebration as proposed. 

Respectfully submitted, 

Deloraine p. Cohey. 
Joshua H. Millett. 
Alfred E. Cox. 
Phineas W. Sprague. 

O R D E R. 

Ordered^ That a general committee of two hundred persons, resi- 
dents of Maiden, of which tlie mayor for the time being shall be 
chairman, consisting of the following named persons, be and liereb}- 
is appointed to make arrangements for and to take charge of the 
celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversar}- of the incor- 
poration of the town of Maiden, to l)e held upon the twenty-second 
and twenty-third days of May, A.D. 1899, to be organized as 
follows : — 

\_IIere the members of the (jeneral committee icere specified and 
their position upon the several sub-committees fixed, the chairmun of 
each co^nmittee being designated. Some changes subsequently oc- 
curred by resignations and otherwise. The organization of the 
comtnittee as existing at the time of the celebration follows this 
order.'] 

The executive committee shall have the direction of the several 
sub-committees of tlie general committee, shall determine and author- 
ize all their expenditures, and shall define their respective duties ; 
and it is hereb}- directed to appoint a reception committee of fift\- 
men and twenty-five women, citizens of Maiden, of which the Hon. 
Elisha S. Converse shall be chairman ; and it ma}' fill such vacancies 
as may occur in the several sub-committees. 

A majority' of each sub-committee shall constitute a quorum for 
the transaction of business. 

All bills of expenditures authorized shall be approved b}' the 
sub-committee making the same, and shall be certified by the finance 
committee, or a sub-committee thereof, dulj- authorized, and be sent 
to the city auditor for his action as provided by the city ordinances. 

Nothing herein shall permit any con^mittee to bind the city of 
Maiden, by an}* agreement or contract involving the expenditure of 
mone}- for the pui-poses of said celebration, unless the same shall have 
been authorized by vote of a majority of the executive committee ; 
and said executive committee shall not have power to confer such 
authority to such committee until an appropriation for the purposes 
of said celebration shall have been made b}' the city council. 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMITTEE. 
C!)atrmnn of t\)t General Committee. 

LFntil January 1, 1899, John E. Faknham, Mayor. 
After January 1, 1899, Charles L. Dean, Mayor. 

ifinnnce Committff. 

Elisha 8. Converse, Chairman. 
John J. Kelley, Secretary. 

Charles L. Davenport. Willavd B. Ferguson. 

James F. Eaton. James Fierce. 

Everett J. Stevens. 

Crccntibf Committer. 

Alfred E. Cox, Chairman. 
Albert Ammann, Clerk. 

Edward L. Browne. Pliineas W. Spragne. 

George H. Cliase. Henrj' E. Turner. 

Charles R. Elder. Joseph F. Wiggin. 

Rufus H. Sawyer. Daniel P. Wise. 

Committee on 31ni)itation0. 

John E. Faknil\m, Chairman. 
Clarence O. Walker, Secretary. 

William B. Buckminster. Rev. Henr\- H. French. 

Allan J. Chase. Rev. Henry O. Hiscox. 

Marcelliis Coggan. James Pierce. 

P^lisha S. Converse. John W. Pettengill. 

Albert H. Davenport. Everett J. Stevens. 

Charles L. Dean. Joseph F. Wiggin. 
Henry Winn. 

Committee on iliteiarv Cvercises;. 

Deloraine p. Couey, Chairman. 

James B. Upham, Secretary. 
Rev. James F. Albion. Thomas E. Major. 

Harvey L. Boutwell. Joshua H. Millett. 

Rev. Edwin H. Hughes. Rev. Richard Neagle. 

Arthur H. W^ellman. 




Henry E. Turner 
Daniel P. Wise 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (2) 

Joseph F. WiaoiN 

Albert Ammann 

Clerk Phineas W. Spraoue 



THE ANNIVERSARY COMMITTEE 

Committee on a^usical cBrcrcis^fsf. 

Ohadiah B. Brown, Chairman. 

John M. Cokbett, Secretary. 
Frank H. Carlisle. Samuel E. Jordan. 

Mrs. Harry E. Converse, John W. Little. 

M. Morton Holmes. Mrs. Herbert E. Morey. 

Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 

Committre on spilitaii' anu Cibic paraDe, 

Hakry E. Converse, Chairman. 

Harry P. Ballard, Secretary. 

Alvin E, Bliss. Elmore E. Locke. 

Hiram S. Coburn. Charles W. McClearn. 

Fi-ank F. Clapp. Charles P. Nutter. 

Edward E. Currier. Clarence A. Perkins. 

Albert L. Decatur. John H Phipps. 

John M. Devir. John A. Powers. 

Maurice Dinneen. Charles F. Shute. 

Charles E. Farmer. John W. Soule. 

Frederick J. Foss. John E. Staples. 

Thomas AV. Hough. George W. Stiles. 

Frank L. Locke. Harvey L. Thompson. 
Thomas Trac}'. 

Committre on ^alutesft 2r>ecoration0, anD ifiretDorks. 

Charles Schumaker, Chairman. 

Daniel J. Pyne, Secretary. 
Rudolph Bossardt. Owen PI Rooney. 

Fred S. Ehvell. James E. Ryder. 

George G. Hill. George W. W. Saville. 

Clarence D. Huston. Lucius C. Smith. 

James Long. Charles G. Warren. 

Tenney Morse. Thomas P. West. 

Edward M. Whittle. 

Committee on Cuncl) anD ^anriuet. 

Eugene Nelson, Chairman. 
William G. A. Turner, Secretary. 

Frank S. Arnold. Thomas E. Lenehan. 

Charles Barker. Walter R. ISLacdonald. 

Andrew J. Freeman. William N. Osgood. 

Henry E. Greene. James O. Otis. 



10 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Frank J. Perkins. Frank A. Thompson. 

Willard E. Robinson. Artluir W. Walker. 

Edward G. Wise. 

Committee on promrnaDf Concert anD llBall. 

Elisiia W. Cobb, Chairman. 
William H, Winship, Secretary. 

John G. Chandler. Elmore E. Loeke. 

Mrs. E:iisha W. Cobb. INIrs. Elmore E. Locke. 

Mrs. Harry E. Converse. Daniel P. S. Page. 

John W. Little. Fred T. Ryder. 

Everell F. Sweet. 

Committee on i^ltl^lettcs; nntj jTielD Sports, 

Harrie S. Abbott, Chairman. 
J^UGENE C. Upton, Secretary. 

William ¥j. Cochrane. John J. McCorraack. 

Owen P. Doonan. John J. Qneneth. 

Edwin F. Kelley. William W. Trafton. 

James McCarthy. William IL Winship. 

Committee on Cl)ilDren'0 entertainments;. 

Nathaniel W. Stakbird, Chairman. 
Frederick J. Smith, Secretary. 

Mrs. Frank J. Bartlett. Mrs. Peter J. McGuire. 

Maurice Dinneen. George Pronty. 

George H. Fall. G. Louis Richards. 

George E. Gay. William H. Ruston. 

William J. Hobbs. Mrs. Rufus H. Sawyer. 

Mrs. Alfred H. Jones. Mrs. George W. Walker. 
Mrs. Daniel P. Wise. 

Committee on <i^bs;erl3ation ^tanus; anD ^ent0, 

Walter S, Gushing, Chairman. 
William H. James, Secretary. 

Charles N. Bishop. Nathan Newhall. 

John Brodie. Joseph S. Rich. 

William E. Dunn. George A. Runnells. 

Nathan M. Hunnewell. Charles A. Stiles. 



THE ANNIVERSARY COMMITTEE H 

Committee on SEransportation anD Caniagcg. 

Edward IL Evans, Chairmcm. 

John H. Hannan, Secretary. 
Waldo B. Bowker. John P. Holden. 

Henry Geirish. George H. Johnson. 

Edwin Ilawkridge. Joseph C. Robinson. 

I^dgar A. AYhitteniore. 

Committer on printing anU )15at)gefi. 

Samlel Tilden, Chairmwu 
David B. Pitman, Secretary. 

David M. Cosgrove. Charles H. Paul. 

Trislram Griilin. J. Arthur Pierce, 

Oscar W. Walker. 

Committee on deception of tlje pres0. 

Aaron C. Dowse, CJaiirman. 
Charles T. Hall, Secretary. 

Walter E. Adams. Arthur M. Cunimings. 

Frank A. Bayrd. Miss 8. Isabelle Gray. 

Committee on Sl9arfeing t^istoric ^pot0, 

Jesse Cudworth, Chairman. 
Albert F. Sargent, Secretary. 

Benjamin Faulkner. John A. Lindvall. 

Abraham G. Hill. Jolin W. Norton. 

Setli C. Jones. Clarence A. Perkins. 

Joseph C. Robinson. 

Committee on C)i6tonc iloan Cvljibition, 

Frank P^. Woodward, Chairman. 
Mrs. Richard W. Shea, Secretary. 

George T. Bailey. Miss Helen M. Hill. 

Harry H. Barrett. Mrs. George S. Mansfield. 

jNIrs. Howard A. Carson. Mrs. Ernest M. Newbegin. 

Samuel G. Dexter. Mrs. Thomas O. Nichols. 

George H. Fall. Michael S. O'Donnell. 

Tklrs. Nathan French. Mrs. Daniel W. Ranlet. 

George L. Gould. Mrs. Joseph S. Rich. 
J. Tyler Shackfoid. 



12 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
HONORARY MEMBERS CHOSEN BY THE COMMITTEE. 

jFrom fflalliEn. 
George D. B. Blanchard. John Langdon Sullivan. 

Jrom ISfaerctt, 

Dudley P. Bailey. Mrs. p:iizabeth B. D. Whittemore. 

Mrs. Mary O. Atwood. Reuben A. Eideout. 
George F. Foster. Miss Nellie E. Cannell. 

Jrom fHclrosf. 
Elbridge H. Goss. Miss Mary E. Upliam. 

Mrs. Mary A. Liverniore. John Larrabee. 

Levi S. Gould. Mrs. Harriett E. Page. 

Commtttcf on ^police Hrgulationo. 

Lyman H. Richards, Chairuian. 
Charles M. Bruce, Secretary. 

Patrick Cahill. Edward J. O'Connell. 

Daniel J. DriseoU. J. Arthur Pierce. 

Henry Gerke. Frederick J. Smith. 

Elzra A. Stevens, Jr. 

115uiTati of ^Information. 

William D. S err at, Chairman. 
George A. Gardner, Secretary. 

Waldo B. Bowker. Jesse Cud worth. 

Austin F. Crocker. Walter M. Healey. 

William N. Osgood. 

Committee on Cl;mersenc\?. 

Charles D. McCarthy, Chairman. 
William A. Hastings, Secretary. 

Charles E. JJonning. William D. Nutter. 

Frank F. Clapp. George A. Runnells. 

Clarence P. Whitcomb. 

Committee on spemorial Volume. 

Deloraine p. Corey, Chairman. 
Arthur M. Cummings, Secretary. 

Sylvester Baxter. William B. de las Casas. 

George E. Gaj-. 




Elisha W. Cobb 

Concert and Ball 

Walter S. Cushino 

Stands and Tents 



CHAIRMEN (1) 

Col. Harrv E. Converse 

Chief Marshal 

Aabon C. Dowse 
Press 



Jesse Cudworth 

Historic Spots 

Harrie S. Abbott 

Sports 



THE ANNIVERSARY COMMITTEE 



13 



RECEPTION COMMITTEE APPOINTED BY THE 
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Elisha S. Converse, Chairman^ 
Roland W. Tofpan, Vice-Chair?nan. 
George A. Gardnku, Secretary. 

lExccutibc (iromiuittcc. 
Koland AV. TorPAN, Chdirindn. 
Harold L. 13ond, Secretar>/. 

Mrs. Haivev L. Boutwell. John W. Dnike. 

Charles M. Bnice. Lynde Sullivan. 

Mrs. Uriah B. Campbell. John J. Walsh. 

Mrs. Heniv Winn. 



©ciural 

Ralph K. Abbott. 
Mrs. Albert Ammann. 
AViUiam E. Barker. 
Henry O. Barrett. 
Frank J. Bartlett. 
George H. Bates. 
James R. Boomer. 
Edward S. Booth. 
James Breslin. 
WiUiam H. Bnrrows. 
Mrs. Frank H. Carlisle. 
Mrs. Allan J. Chase. 
Edward J. Connell. 
Mrs. Henry D. Corbett. 
Deloraine P. Corey. 
Mrs. Albert D. Crombie. 
Frank F. Cntting. 
Herbert Damon. 
Mrs. Fred C. Uavis. 
Charles L. Dean. 
Charles E. Dennett. 
Charles L. P^aton. 
Frederick W. Eaton. 
Mrs. Willard B. Ferguson 
Thomas J. Garrity. 
Warren F. Gould. 
Mrs. George L. Gould. 



Conimittrc. 

Peter Gratf'am. 

George H. Graves. 

Mrs. Matthew C. Grier. 

Arthur G. Griffin. 

William A. Hastings. 

William D. Hawley. 

Mrs. Thomas W. Hough. 

Mrs. William H. James. 

William O. Lovell. 

Charles R. Magee. 

Fred T. A. McLeod. 

Webster L. Melvin. 

Mrs. Joshua H. Millett. 

George A. Minott. 

Mrs. C. Maria NordstrouL 

Mrs. Jabez P. Parker. 

Mrs. Frank J. Perkins. 

Charles Fl. Ransom. 

Frederick A. Robinson. 

Mrs. AVillard E. Robinson, 

Mrs. Arthur L. Robinson. 

Godfrey Ryder. 

Mrs. Thomas A. Sawtell. 
. William Schofield. 

Alvin L. Smith. 

Louis D. Starbird. 

Mrs. Everett J. Stevens. 



14 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Odiorne Swain, Edmund S. Wellington, 

C. Morris Tredick. Mrs. James H, Whitaker. 

Mrs. Henry E. Turner. Charles A. Whittemore. 

Mis. Eugene C. Upton. William A. Wilde. 

Edward M. Waite. Charles H. Wise. 

Howard P. Wise. 

Cflfbratton Committrr from SBclrosr. 

Lkvi S. Gould, ClutirvKiii. 

Sidne}- H. l*>uttrick. Elbridge H. Goss. 

George R. Jones. John Larrabee. 

Chailes H. Adams. Stephen V. Kcyes. 

B. Marvin Fernald. Willis C. Goss. 

Celebration Committee from Ctierett. 

CnAULEs Bruce, Chairman. 

Charles Manser. John J. Heme. 

AVilliam J. Brickley. Augustus S. Marshall. 

Charles F. Washburn. P^ugene C. Ford. 

Francis W. Dana, Jr. John F. Homans. 



Immediateh" upon the acceptance of the report and the passage of 
the order by tlie city council, the executive committee organized 
and began its preliminary work, holding its first meeting on the even- 
ing of August 10, 1898, and regular meetings on each Wednesday 
evening thereafter. Albert Ammann was elected clerk. On the even- 
ing of August 17, the chairmen of the sub-committees met with the 
executive committee for conference. The work whicli was to be 
done by the several committees, acting independently in their own 
departments but in harmony with all, was explained by the chairman 
and the necessary lines of concerted action were defined. 

An appropriation of twenty-five hundred dollars fi'om the treasure- 
fund was made by the city council for immediate expenses, leaving 
the question of a final and adequate appropriation for consideration 
when the several committees could make their estimates with a clear 
understanding of what would be necessary-. 

Most of the remainder of the year [)assed in consideration of the 
work which was to be done, and in perfecting" the carefully formed 
scheme of details, which was actively taken up when the city appro- 
priation was made in Januar}-. In the meantime the various organi- 
zations of tiie city, outside of the committees, were actively planning 
their parts in the coming celebration. Tlie chairman of the executive 



TrO/Z/v OF THE COMMITTEE 15 

committee, as president of the Board of Trade, addressed the follow- 
ing communication to his associates in November: — 

Maldex, November 30, 1898. 
To THE Members ok the JMalden Board of Trade. 

Gentlemen : Active and earnest work, in preparation for the celebration 
of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of tlie settlement of Maiden, is 
being prosecuted by the various sub-comtnittees ; and 1 would suggest that the 
Board of Trade can render efficient aid by interesting all of the firms and cor- 
porations engaged in business in Maiden, and inducing them to take an active 
part in this celebration, — b}' participating in the parade ; by assisting in the 
entertainment of guests ; by decorations ; by placing in their advertisements 
and upon their stationery notices of this important event ; and in various other 
Avays assisting the executive connnittee. 

Alfred E. Cox, President. 

In reply to this communication a committee was appointed, which 
rendered efficient service in interesting business men and the inhabi- 
tants of the several waixls in the matter. The committee was com- 
posed of the following gentlemen : — 

Ward 1. "WiLLAKD E. Robinson. Ward 4. Asher F. Black. 

2. John J. Kellev. 5. Webster L. Melvin. 

3. C. Morris Tredick. 6. Frank A. Thompson. 

Ward 7. OuiN A. Falconer. 

By the end of the year, the committees had perfected their plans 
so far as to rendei- their estimates of the expenditures on which the 
final appropriation should be based ; and upon the organization of the 
new cit}' government, the executive committee asked tlie cit^" council 
for fifteen thousand dollars in addition to the appropriation of 1898. 
Mayor Dean in his inaugural, Januars' 2, said : — 

" On May 22 and 23 next, our city is to celebrate the two hun- 
dred and fiftieth anniversai-y of the incorporation of Maiden as a town. 
This event is of great importance, and full}- merits the attention 
which it is receiving. The arrangements for this celebration are in 
competent hands, and we may safely count upon its reflecting credit 
upon our city and adding to its renown. Ample provisions should be 
made to meet the expense necessary to make the affair a success, and 
I recommend immediate action upon this matter." 

On the evening of January 17, both branches of the city council 
acting in concurrence, the required appropriation was granted from 
the treasury fund ; and the celebration being placed upon a firm 
financial basis, the further work of preparation was actively pushed. 

Communication was had with the mayor of Everett and the select- 
men of Melrose, inviting the participation of those municipalities as 
portions of the old town. The city government of Everett appointed 



16 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

a special committee of its members, but no fiirtlier official part was 
taken in the celebration. Many of the inhabitants of Everett, how- 
ever, took an active part and rendered active and valualile service, 
while others joined in llie parade of May 23. A town meeting in 
Melrose voted to cooperate with the Maiden committee, and a com- 
mittee of nine was chosen to effect arrangements ; and later, by 
authorit}' of a special act passed b}' the legislature for that purpose, 
an api)ropriation of five hundred dollars was made to meet tlie ex- 
penses. An entire division i-epresented Melrose on the da}' of the 
parade. 

An early difficulty presented itself in the absence of anv building in 
Maiden of a capacity sufficient to meet the needs of the celebration. 
This difficulty was solved by the offer of the Hon. P^lisha S. Converse 
of the use of the lot on Pleasant Street near Washington Street, on 
which a music hall is now being l)uilt, on wliich a temporary' building, 
officiall}' known as the Anniversarj- Building, was erected. This 
building, of which the main structure was one hundred and six feet b}' 
one hundred and twenty feet, with a lean-to at the rear of twenty-two 
feet by one hundred and twenty feet, and a kitchen adjoining, ten 
feet \>\ eighty feet, provided in the auditorium aiul galleries chair- 
room for over thirty-two hundred persons, while the stage, which was 
furnished with graduated seats lor the uses of a chorus, gave room for 
nearl}' three hundred more. It was designed by Tristram Griffin, 
under whose supervision it was ei-ectetl ; and the material and labor 
were furnished by the firm of Clark & Melanson, the senior member of 
which built the timber frame of tiie pavilion used at the celebration in 
1849. The building was wired and lighted during the celebration b}' 
tiie Maiden Electric Co., without expense to the cit}'. Here were 
held all the indoor exercises of the celebration, closing with the ban- 
quet on the evening of May 23. It was allowed to remain a few days, 
and was used b}- the Salvation Army for meetings on the evenings of 
Sundav and Monday, May 28-29, when Commander Booth-Tucker 
was present. It was then removed b}- the contractors. 

The committee on invitations sent out over one thousand engraved 
circular letters inviting "all sons and daughters of Maiden, former 
residents, and those interested in its history " to be present on the 
days of the celel)ration. Over one hundred persons, prominent b}' 
their participation in public afl^airs and otherwise, were invited to 
become the special guests of the cit}'. 






CHAIRMEN (2) 






John H. Farnham 




Edward H. Evans 


Invitations 


Charles D. McCarthy, M.D. 


Transportation and Carriages 


EcoENE Nelson 


Emerijencij 


Charles Schumaker 


BaiHjuet 


Lyman H. Richards 


Salutes, etc. 




Police Regtdalions 



INVITED GUESTS 



17 



INVITED GUESTS. 



Roger Wolcott, Governor of Massachusetts. 

W. Murray Crane, Lt.- Governor of Massachusetts. 

THE GOVERNOR'S STAFF. 



Saimiol Dalton, A. G. 
Robert A. Blood, S. G. 
Francis H. Appleton, C. G. 
James L. Carter, I. G. 
Rock wood Hoar, J. A. G. 
Fred W. Wellington, A. I. G. 
William C. Capelle, A. A. G. 
Richard H. Morgan, A. I. G. 
Gordon Dexter, A. I. G. 
Harry E. Converse, A. Q. G. 
Frank B 



Roger Morgan, A. Q. G. 
Edward B. Robins, A. A. G. 
J. Parson Bradle}-, A. A. G. 
Frank L. Locke, A. I. G. 
James T. Soutter, A. I. G. 
Richard D. Sears, A. A. G. 
James A. Frje, A. I. G. 
John D. Billings, A. D. C. 
William D. Sohier, A. D. C. 
George R. Jewett, A. D. C. 
Stevens, A. D. C. 



NATIONAL AND STATE OFFICERS. 

John D. Long, Secretary of the JSFacy, Washington. 

George F. Hoar, U. S. Senate. 

Henr}' Cabot Lodge, IT. S. Senate. 

Ernest W. Roberts, U. S. House of Mejjresentatlces. 

William M. Olin, Secretary of State, Mass. 

Edward P. Shaw, State Treasurer, Mass. 

John W. Kimball, State Auditor, 3Iass. 

Hosea M. Knowlton, Attorney- General, 3Iass. 

George E. Smith, President Mass. Senate. 

John L. Bates, Speaker Mass. House of Representatives. 





MAYORS. 




Edward A. Fitch, 


Maldon, Co. Ess* 


3x, EnQ 


William J. Cronin, 


Paintucket, 


B. I. 


Benjamin D. Webber, 


Beverly, 


Mass. 


Josiah Qiiinc}', 


Boston, 


u 


Emery M. Low, 


Brockton, 


(( 


Edgar R. Champlin, 


Cambridge, 


u 


Seth J. Littlefield, 


Chelsea, 


i i 


Dennis Murphy, 


Chicopee, 


(( 


Arthur W. Hatch, 

2 


Everett, 


(( 



18 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Amos W. Jackson, 
Samuel Anderson, 
William W. French, 
John C. Chase, 
Arthur B. Chapin, 
James H. Eaton, 
Jeremiah Crowle}', 
William 8hci)herd, 
Edward J. Plunkett, 
Lewis H. Lovering, 
Charles S. Ashley, 
Thomas Huse, 
Pxlward B. Wilson, 
H. Torre}- Cad}-, 
John L. Mather, 
William W. W'hiting, 
Harrison A. Keith, 
James H. Turner, 
George O. Proctor, 
Dwight O. Gilmore, 
Nathaniel J. W. Ush, 
Geo. L. Mayberry, 
William F. Davis, 
Rufus B. Dodge, Jr., 



I^all Hiver, Mass. 

Fitchhiir'g,, ' ' 

Gloucester., " 

HaverJdll., " 

Holyoke., " 

Laiorence., ' ' 

Loioell, ' ' 

Lynn, "■ ' 

Marlborough., "■ 

Medford, " 

JSferc Bedford, " 

Neioharyport., " 

Newton, '■ ' 

No. Adams., " 

Northampton, ' ' 

Pitts field, " 

Q nine I/, '"'• 

Salem, " 

Somermlle, " 

Springfield, ' ' 

Taunton, " 

Waltham, ' ' 

Wohurn, " 

Worcester, ' ' 



CITY OFFICERS. 

Charles Bruce, President Board of Aldermen, Everett. 
Francis W. Dana, Jr., President Common Council, Everett. 
Fulton H. Parker, Chairm.an Board of Aldermen, Medford. 
William I. Parker, President Common Council, Medford. 



Sidney H. Buttrick, 
L. Frank Hinckley, 
Jonathan C. Howes, 
Charles J. Barton, 
William A. Carrie, 
Alfred S. Hall, 
B. Frank De Butts, 
Michael Sullivan, 
Joseph G. S towers, 
George M. Ingalls, 
Walter S. Keens, 



SELECTMEN. 



Melrose, Mass. 



Revere, 



Stoneham, 



INVITED GUESTS 19 

Sidney A. Hill, Stoneh<(m, Mass. 

George H. Allen, "■ "■ 

George W. Walker, Maiden, 1881. 

John W. Allen, " 

John M. Devir, '' " 

John P. Ilolden, " " 

Tristram Griffin, " " 

CITIZENS OF MELROSE 

Who have been Selectmen of Maiden. 

OFFICERS OF MIDDLESEX COUNTY. 

Levi S. Gould, County Commissioner. 
Samuel O. Upham, " '* 

Francis Bigelow, " " 

Henry G. Cashing, Sheriff. 

Joseph O. Ilayden, Treasurer. 

Theodore C. Hurd, Clerk of Courts. 

Charles W. Eliot, President Harvard Universiti/. 

Rev. Elmer H. Capen, President Tufts College. 

Charles Francis Adams, President Massachusetts Historical So. 

Samuel A. Green, Librarian Massachusetts Historical So. 

Edward G. Porter, President Neio England Historic-Genealogical So. 

John Ward Dean, Librarian Neio England Historic- Genealogical So. 

Lucius Tuttle, President Hoston and Maine Railroad. 

John H. Burdakin, Register of Deeds, Norfolk Co. 

Col. J. McE. Hyde, U. S. A., Boston. 

Carroll D. Wright, Washington, D. C. 

Rev. William I. Haven, New York, N. Y. 

Rev. Edward Judson, D.D., Neic York, N. Y. 

Rev. W. H. P. Faunce, D.D., New York, N. Y. 

Marvin Lincoln, Washington, D. C 

Bernard R. Green, Washington, D. C. 

Rev. John Coleman Adams, D.D., Brooklgn, N. Y. 

Rev. Daniel W. Faunce, D.D., Pawtncket, R. I. 

Howard jM. Ilolden, Kansas City, Mo. 

Rev. Daniel P. Livermore, D.D., Melrose, Mass. 

Mrs. Mary A. Livermore, Melrose, 31ass. 

George P^merson, Melrose, JIass. 

Alonzo H. Evans, Ecerett, JIass. 

Wilson Quint, Ecerett, Mass. 

Mrs. Charles Carleton CotHn, Boston, 3Iass. 

Elisha D. Eldridge, Lyun, 3Jass. 



20 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Upon the reception coinmittee devolved the duty of giving welcome 
and attendance to the guests of the city during the celebration. Sub- 
committees were appointed to perfect the details, which were carried 
out with complete success. Invited guests, who were designated by 
small bow-badges of white ribbon with blue knots, were met at the 
railroad stations and elsewhere by members of the coinmittee and 
conve^'ed in carriages to the city hall, where they were received by the 
mayor. Here the headquarters of the committee were established, 
lunch was served, and cari'iages were in readiness to take guests to 
the various points of interest. Tickets wei'e furnished for the several 
functions of the celebration ; and entertaiiunent was provided for 
those who remained in the city over night. 

A sub-corninittee was in session at the public lil)rar3', where guests 
and visitors were requested to register. Suitable blanks were pro- 
vided for each pei'son ; and the collection of autographs and personal 
information resulting is one of much present interest. These sheets, 
alphabetically arranged and elegantly bound in eight thick volumes, 
are now preserved in the public library, where they will remain as a 
permanent reminder of the celebration, ever increasing in historical 
value. 

For the convenience of visitors and otliers, the bureau of informa- 
tion established stations at three central points : on Florence Street 
near the railroad station, on Fei ly Street near the railroad station, 
and in Central Square. These stations were open from eight a. m. 
until nine p. m. on Monday and Tuesday. Tents were located as 
stations on Monday, during the continuance of the sports, at F'erry- 
way Green, Webster Park, Cradock Field, and at the reservoir in 
Fellsmere Park. All the stations were supplied with directories, 
l)rograms, tiuie-tables, lists of restaurants and boarding-houses, and 
otlier printed matter for imparting information to the public; and 
well-informed attendants were on duty, who gave general satisfaction 
by their painstaking and courtesy. While the games were in progress 
on Monda}", the tents were open to the representatives of the Red 
Cross Corps, and valuable assistance was given in several cases of 
minor injuries. This committee sa^s in its report : — 

'' It is an admitted fact that Maiden cared for a greater number 
of people during its celebration than was ever gathered together in 
a suburban city in this vicinity. When it is considered that a large 
proportion were strangers, and that few if any coinplaints were heard, 
the committee feels justified in believing that its efforts were to a 
great extent successful, and added to the success of the celebration." 

'l"he duties of the committee on emergenc}' were of much impor- 
tance, although no serious accident occurred. Invitations were ex- 
tended to about twenty resident physicians to act in conjunction with 




Nathaniel W. Starbird 
Children'' s Enlertainmnnts 

William D. Serrat 
Bureau of Information 



CHAIRMEN (.3) 



Frank E. Woodward 
Historic Loan Eihibition 



Roland W. Toppan 
I'. C. Reception Committee 
Samuel Tilden 
Printing and Badges 



THE POLICE SERVICE 21 

the committee, which were all cheeiTiilly accepted. Mcnil)ers of this 
volunteer corps were assigned to various sections; and during the 
entire celebration a constant vigilancte was maintained b}- them 
throughout the city. During the field and water sports, there were 
seventeen accidents, and on the second day three more, which came 
under the care of this emergency corps. During tlie passage of the 
procession on Tuesday, a private ol)servation-stand became over- 
crowded and collapsed, but no serious n.'sults ensued. The commit- 
tee says in its report; "• We wish to ex[)ress publicly our heartiest 
thanks and appreciation to those physicians wlio rendered such kind 
and eflicient service during the celebration." 

The admirable manner in wliich the city was policed during the 
celebration has been the subject of much i)raise. This department 
was in the hands of the mayor and the standing aldermanic police 
committee, to wliom was added a sub-committee of tlie celebration 
committee on police i-egulations. The celebration practically ])egan 
on Saturday, May 20, and for the first two days the police service 
was performed l\y the local force of twenty-nine regulars and ten 
specials, to which was added on tlie subsequent days a force of 
eighty-five men drawn from the neighboring cities and towns. The 
detective force was composed of Boston inspectors, men from the 
state force, and Pinkerton men. The extra force, not including 
the regular Maiden police and Maiden specials, was on duty day and 
night for the last two days, equal to an additional force of two hun- 
dred and twenty-four men. The immediate command was in Chief 
Samuel M. Emerton of the Maiden force. The committee in its final 
report says : — 

" Chief Emerton is deserving of much praise in the manner in 
which all details were carried out ; and praise should also be 
accorded to each man of the regular foice, the specials, and all visit- 
ing police for the intelligent manner in dealing with the vast crowd 
which thronged our sti'eets, and for the cheerfid way in which they 
attended to all their duties." 

The work of the mounted and unmountec^police on the day of the 
procession was superb and elicited many remarks of praise. Military 
men who were present stated that in all their ex[)erience with proces- 
sions they had never seen policing equal it. The entire procession 
was kept clear of small-boy followings, the streets were free from 
teams and other obstructions, and Central Square, at the time of the 
review, was kept absolutel}' clear of sight-seers from curb to curb. 

In view of the large crowds of people which were gathered here, 
estimated b}' conservative authorities as not less than one hundred 
and fifty thousand on the day of the parade, and b\- others made 
much larger, it speaks well for the general good order of the city that 



22 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

during the last two ilays but fifteen arrests were made. A number 
of supposed crooks were warned to leave the city and obeyed the 
warning. One case of entering and two of pocket-picking were 
reported to the police, the total value of the property so lost being 
less than one hundred dollars. 

An important factor in the preparation and final success of the 
celebration was the work of tlie press committee, wliich, though 
offlcialh' known as a reception committee, extended its labors over a 
wide and fertile field. Realizing that the greatest possible publicitj' 
would inure to the benefit of tlie ciiy and increase the effect of 
the celebration, it was determined to afford to the representatives of 
the press, both before and during tlie celebration, every facility for the 
performance of their difiilcult and liighly important work ; and the com- 
mittee carefully shaped its course with that end in view. The 
energy of its chairman, Aaron C. Dowse, and his long experience in 
everything connected with the public press, seconded by its indefati- 
gable secretary, Charles T. Hall, and the hearty cooperation of its 
members, were pioductive of the best results both in the progress 
and conclusion of its work. 

The representatives of the Boston i)apers were called together, 
and man}- valuable suggestions were made by the working-members 
of the press, which were subsequently acted upon. Later, the local 
and suburban newspaper men were convened and the plans of the 
committee were carefully outlined. An illustrated seven-column 
article, prepared by Arthur M. Cum'.uings of the committee, was 
stereotyped and was used l\y about fifty representative papers of 
New England. Additional items were given out from time to time, 
and several of the Boston t)apers published profusely illustrated 
articles relating to Maiden and its histor\\ 

Pending the celebration, everj'thing that could be obtained in 
advance, as the oration, addresses, poem, order of parade, etc., was 
printed and sent in slips to the different papers, and was in type 
leady for prompt publication at the close of the several exercises, 
without the intervention of the reporters. The result was that these 
reports in a complete and relial)le form were given a space much 
larger than would liave been possible had each reporter been com- 
pelled, in the confusion and haste of affairs, to search out and obtain 
this matter for himself. 

Headquarters were established at the Board of Trade rooms on 
Pleasant Street, where ample accommodations were provided for the 
visiting rei)resentatives of the press, both ladies and gentlemen. 
These rooms were o[)en during the week preceding and during the 
celebration, members of the committee and attendants being present 
to render any assistance that might be desired. By the courtes}' of 



THE PRESS COMMITTEE 23 

the New England Telephone and Telegraph Co., direct telephone 
commnnication was furnished ; and the Remington Typewriter Co. 
placed ten of its best machines in the rooms for the use of the report- 
ers. Badges were given to accredited representatives of the press, 
which admitted the wearers everywhere ; and a tally-ho and carriages 
were provided, which enabled the reporters to visit all parts of the 
cit}'. More than three hundred newspaper men were registered at 
the press headquarters, where a continuous lunch was served, and the 
clatter of the typewriters and the coming and going of busy men 
gave evidence of the work that was being done. 

All these facilities were in constant use by men from every New 
England state, who looked upon Maiden as a new cit}' grown into 
their vision, a revelation, which next da\' or next week was heralded 
to their own people. Tlie celebration was mentioned in thousands of 
papers throughout the country, even journals as far distant as Texas 
and California giving it space. Ever}- item referring to the celebra- 
tion which it has been possible to obtain has been placed in a large 
scrap-book, prepared by the press committee, which will be preserved 
in the public library. 

It was facetiously said that the facilities afforded and the resultant 
entliusiasm of the reporters caused the Boston papers to lose their 
" sense of proportion ; " and that Maiden had " discovered itself" and 
made its existence known to the world. Never was a local celebra- 
tion given equal space in the Boston and suburban papers. A few days 
after the celebration, the Boston Traveler printed this observation : — 

" I admire Maiden for its beaut}' and respect it for its municipal 
integrit}', over which the breath of scandal rarel}' hovers, but I re- 
spectfully submit that neither it nor any other city, save ours, is 
entitled to anything like the vast areas of space given its celebration 
by Boston papers, to the exclusion, very likel}', of news of real impor- 
tance. Now and then our journals lose their sense of proportion entireh', 
and the Maiden affair furnished an excellent illustration of the fact," 

The activity of the committee and the attention which was paid to 
the comfort and convenience of its guests were appreciated by the 
reporters and other representatives of the press, and were widel}' 
acknowledged after the celebration. 

The work of other committees is fully shown in the statement of 
the results which they attained, as in those of the banquet, the 
parade, and other events of the celebration. There was no com- 
mittee appointed whose members did not do efficient work in the de- 
partments to which the}' were assigned ; and all are entitled to equal 
honor. The unanimity of feeling from the first, and the general bar 
mony of action which prevailed to the last, were evidences of a sincere 
loyalty to the city and a subordination of all private wishes to the 



24 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

great good of the whole. The cause of the success of the celebration 
was the united labor of disinterested and earnest men and women ; 
and that may be summed up in one word, used in its strictest sense, — 
Cooperatiofi. 

It has been seen that tlie motive and controlling power of the 
work of preparation was in the executive committee, to which all the 
other committees were subordinate and to wliich all looked for direc- 
tion and authority. The labors of this committee were exacting and 
sometimes perplexing, as unforeseen difficulties arose and as ways and 
means were to be considered and decided. Wliile due praise may be 
given to each and all of this committee, a sketch of the preparation of 
the celebration would be incomplete were the active chairman of the 
executive committee not especiall}' mentioned with commendation. 
His clear head and persistent will gave wise direction and earnest 
support to the work of the various committees, and his ardor incited 
a corresponding ardor that made certain the successful result. 

During the celebration, the members of the committees were 
designated by official badges which were thus described : — 

" Made of solid metal, gilded and lacquered, fancy engraved top 
bar witli tlie name of the respective sub-committee thereon, shown in 
soft black enamel ; round medallion bottom piece representing the 
city seal of Maiden in the centre, and ' 2o0tli Anniversary, 
1649-1899 ' in the outer circle." 

The reception committee for the ready identification b}' guests 
wore the badge on a crimson ribbon. 

In the following pages the chronicle of four days is given with 
such minuteness as is possible, and with a care which aims to make 
the record authoritative. All that is left of the celebration is its story 
in the printed page and the memories of those who participated there- 
in. To a later generation, naught but the story will remain, and the 
celebration which to us is a matter of congratulation and pride may 
seem to them as simple and inadequate as tlie celebration of 1849 
now seems to us. The bright gatherings of children, the crowded 
streets, and the loud rejoicings, the music and the decorations, the 
voices of the orators and the sweet singers, the life and beauty of the 
ball and the banquet, the bright days tliat with their sunshine and 
mildness made the smiling face of nature more beautiful, all have 
passed away. Yet in the words that were spoken and in the record 
of that which was done such evidences of loyalty to city, state, and 
nation, and to the memory of the fathers, of good-will to men, and of 
hope in the future, may be found as will make our successors to hold 
us in equal honor with tlie fathers, and to give us that meed which 
belongs to those who, revering the past, work in the present with hope 
for the coming ages and a sincere trust in the everlasting care of God. 




CHARLES L. DEAN 
Mayor 



PROGRAM. 

SATURDAY, MAY 20, 1899. 

2 P.M. Public School Exeijcises. 

5 P.M. Captain Dodd's Troopers. 

7 P.M. Reception at the First Church. 

8 P.M. Jubilee Entertainment. 



EXERCISES OF SATURDAY. 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES. 

THE part taken by the public schools was one of the most sug- 
gestive and pleasing of the celebration. As the schools lie at 
the foundation of good citizenship, and the future of our city depends 
upon those who are to come out of them, to them was appropriately 
given the honor of the opening exercises of the occasion. All matters 
pertaining to their preparation were wisel}' left in the hands of the 
school committee, an adequate appropriation having been made bj' 
the executive committee for that puri)ose. 

Coincident with the purposes of the celebration was the prepara- 
tion of a PnhUc School Sonve)n}\ which was issued in an octavo 
volume of two hundred and forty -two pages, and should be in the 
hands of every citizen who values the advantages of popular educa- 
tion. This volume contains numerous illustrations, comprising views 
of schoolhonses, grou[)s of teachers and scholars, interesting features 
of school work, etc. ; and by the example of actual work it presents 
a vivid and instructive view of the present condition of the schools of 
the city. Eminent educators have pronounced it to be the most com- 
plete and satisfactory outline of every-day educational work ever 
printed. At the Paris Exposition, in 1900, it will probabl}- tell the 
story of the INIalden of to-day more completeh' than any educational 
record will give tliat of an}- other American city ; and in 1949, when 
the three hundredth anniversar}- will engage the attention of our suc- 
cessors, it will be of the greatest value as a means of correctly 
measuring the advance which the first half of the twentieth century 
will make in educational matters. Much that appears of value now 
ma}' be found as inadequate then as the methods of 1849 now 
appear to us, in their comparative crudeness and simplicity. 

To illustrate the beginnings of school work in New England, a 
facsimile of the first schoolhouse built here, in 1712, was erected on 
the grounds of tlie High School, at the corner of Salem and Ferry 
Streets. It appears in the foreground of the view of the High School 
in the present volume. The original building stood at the southerly 
corner of the present Main and Pleasant Streets, with a door on the 

27 



28 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

latter street. It was used as a scliooUiouse, sometimes as a watch- 
house, uutil 1730, when it vvas given to Thomas Degresha, the hell- 
man and grave-digger. It is described as follows : — 

" The first scliool house in Maiden would have made a soi'ry figure 
by the side of those of the present da}'. It was neither imposing nor 
elegant. Hardly could it have been convenient, except that to the 
simple farmers of that da}' anything was of convenience that afforded 
a shelter from the heats of summer and the storms of winter. It was 
' bult 20 foots jn length 16 foots wide 6 foot stud between joints.' 
A chimne}', ' nere seven foots between y" gams,' decreased the capac- 
it}' of the room; and when its spacious ' harth ' was blazing with its 
pile of green logs the phj'sical discomfort of the child who sat on the 
nearest bench could only have been equalled l\y that of the unfortu- 
nate shiverer who sat by the door. Of course, it was of one story, 
and its walls were filled with brick ' to y* plaets,' in that good cold- 
defj'ing fashion whicii ma}' j'et be foinid in some old houses, and 
which puts to shame the shams of modern construction. It had ' two 
windores one on y*^ Soiitli and y° other on y*^ Est,' and one ' dower 
of plain Boords.' " 

The reproduction contained a representation of the probable furni- 
ture of the old building ; but tiie pine benches and rude desks looked 
inappropriately new and out of place, until a few boys, who were 
sent into the building with their jack-knives, proved that the rising 
generation has still a knowledge of some of the arts of the past. The 
furniture was soon reduced to the condition of that of the old brick 
schoolhouse which many of us remember, and in the ornamentation of 
which some of us learned the first rudiments of the carver's art. 

Preliminary exercises were held in many of the schools on Friday, 
May 19, consisting of literar}' and musical selections appropriate to 
the coming celebration. At the High School, Dr. Frank B. Siears 
presented a large American flag, which was raised soon after in the 
presence of the scholars. Interesting original essays on subjects con- 
nected with the history of Maiden were read by several pupils, and 
portions of the oration and poem of the celebration of 1849 were 
recited with effect. 

During the celebration, the principal school Iniildings bore appro- 
priate mottoes as a part of the official decorations. They were as 
follows : — 

Belmont School : The true function of the school is the forma- 
tion of character. 

Centre School : The public school is the people's university. 

Converse School: All education is self-education. 

Emerson School : Thought is the great work of life. 

Faulkner School : Victor}- over ignorance is the greatest of all 
victories. 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 



29 



High School [^^e?'.'] : He who masters himself may master all 
things. 

High School [ Old'] : An educated hand makes au educated brain. 
Lincoln School : Education brings out ever}' latent virtue. 
Linden School: Men are grown, not manufactured. 

The culmination of the work of the school committee was the 
gathering of the public schools in the Annivei'sary Uuilding on the 
afternoon of Saturdny, May "iO, in which about two thousand children 
partici[)ated. The schools tiUed the entire floor of the house, the 
stage l)eing occupied by past and piesent members of the school com- 
mittee and invited guests. 

The (lay had been somewhat threatening; but it was noticed, as a 
ha[)py augury for tiie success of the celebration, that the sun, which 
had been ol)scnred, shone through the clouds just as the first strains 
of America broke tiie anticipator^" silence of the great gatliering. 

During tlie address of Mr. Littlefield the electric lights were turned 
on, as the clouds had again obscured the sky, bringing out with sudden 
clearness the happy faces and the brilliant colors of the dresses of the 
children. The fine effect, as observed from the stage, incited the 
speaker to compare the gathering of the children to the star-spangled 
banner, which was received with applause. 

At two o'clock the notes of the overture to Suppe's Beautiful 
Galatea called the assembly to order; and, at tiie conclusion of the 
number, the Invocation was offered by the Rev. Joshua W. Well- 
man, D.D., a former member of the school committee. The schools 
and the audience then sang — 

AMERICA. 



M\- country, 'l is of tliee. 
Sweet land of libert}', 

Of thee I sing ; 
Land where my fathers died. 
Land of the Pilgrims' pride, 
From every mountain side 

Let freedom ring. 

My native country, thee — 
Land of the noble free — 

Thy name I love ; 
I love thy rocks and rills. 
Thy woods and tem[)led hills ; 
My heart wnth rapture thrills 

Like that above. 



Let music swell the breeze. 
And ring from all the trees 

Sweet freedom's song. 
Let mortal tongues awake ; 
Let all that breathe partake ; 
Let rocks their silence break, 

The sound prolong. 

Our fathers' God, to Thee, 
Author of liberty, 

To Thee v/e sin'g ; 
Long may our land be bright 
With freedom's holy light; 
Protect us by Thy might. 

Great God, our King! 



30 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVEBSARY 

Aaron C. Dowse, the chairman of the school committee, as chair- 
man of the meeting, then made ^ 

THE IXTKODUCTORY ADDRESS. 

I^ast and Present Members of the School Covimittee^ Members 
of the City Government, Invited Guests: — In belialf of these — the 
briglitest gems in Maiden's crown — it is xwy pleasant dnty and high 
privilege to welcome you to the first public exercises incident to Mai- 
den's two hundred and fiftieth anniversary celebration. It is, indeed, 
fitting i-hat our school children, the pride of the present and the hope 
of the future, be accorded the first place on our anniversary program ; 
that their sweet voices, in the melod}" of patriotic song, dedicate this 
building. We are proud of this beautiful city of homes ; proud of its 
well kept streets and its manj' material excellences. We point to it 
as a God-fearing, law-abiding, well governed Massachusetts munici- 
pality. And ever as we strive to better its condition, as we seek to 
make Maiden even more attractive and more nearly perfect in every 
department of municipal life, we do it not for ourselves, but for these, 
our children, the controlling influence as truly now as in the years 
when in mature manhood and womanhood they — 

" Finish what we begin, 
And all we fail of win." 

This May day, with its sun and rain, and these bright, rosy-faced 
children, on whose cheeks sometimes forms tlie rainbow of tears and 
laughter, — how typical one of the other ! 

" Summer is dumb, and faint with dust and heat; 
This is the tuneful month when every sound is sweet. 
Thrill, youthful heart; soar upward, limpid voice; 
Blossoming time is come — rejoice, rejoice, rejoice ! " 

It is a far cry from the Maiden of 1712, and the little schoolhouse 
on yonder green, with — 

" The warping floor, the battered seat, 
The jackknife's carved initial," 

to the Maiden of 1899, with its many school buildings valued at eight 
hundred thousand dollars ; a far cry from that day, when half a score 
of children " went storming out at playing," to this day w hen in the 
same territorial limits are twelve thousand public-school children. 
Who can paint the picture of 1949 ? We upon this platform can see 
it onl}' in prophecy ; but man}' of you, m}' children, may know its 
reality. 

I stood one da}' in that grand palace hall, near Paris, where 
emperors were crowned and where presidents are elected. Upon the 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 31 

wall is the picture of a wounded soldier ; look at it from any point of 
view — directly in front, from left or right — and the eyes of that sol- 
dier look into your own. I may forget the beauty of that hall ; I may 
forget its costly decorations and the splendor of its overarching walls, 
but I can never forget that painting, that soldier, those beseeching 
eyes. And so I feel that when the enthusiasm of sport and game 
and entertainment has been tempered b}' the experience of years, 
when the sound of salute and clang of bell is but a faint echo of far- 
off days, when the pomp and dazzle of decoration and parade grow 
dim upon the vision, even then you will remember this May-day after- 
noon and these exercises in which, and of which, you are the living, 
moving spirit. 

Children (I had almost said, ui}- children), as you welcome these 
our guests, so also do we welcome you. For you we labor, with you 
we renew our youth, b}- you we send our word of cheer to the Maiden 
of the future. 

•' Ye are better than all the ballads 

That ever were sung or said; 

For ye arc the living poems 

And all the rest are dead." 

A medley by the band, introducing tiie Suioance River, the Red, 
W/dte, ami Blue, the Star-SpangJed Ranner, and other patriotic-and 
popular airs, followed ; after which the chairman presented the first 
speaker. 

The Chairman. — We have such a multiplicity of good things, such 
a wealth of eloquence and wit, that the order of the dav, " made and 
provided," is clear-cut, concise, — not over-long addresses b}' many, 
rather than elaborate discourses b}' few. 

The framers of our city charter, while allowing aldermen and 
councilmen to be elected by wards, appreciated the paramount impor- 
tance of our public schools, and enacted into law the requirement that 
the school committee must be elected at large by all the voters in all 
the wards. The mayor is the only other public official thus elected, 
and b}- provision of the charter he, too, is made a member of the 
school committee — its chairman, ex officio. The Mayor of Maiden, 
Hon. Charles L. Dean. 

ADDRESS OF MAYOR CHARLES L. DEAX. 

3Ir. Chairman, ScJiool Children of Maiden, and Ladies and 
Gentlemen: — As I stand before you in my capacity as mayor, I feel 
deeply the honor of being privileged to assist in inaugurating the cere- 
monies of the next three days, commemorating the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the settlement of the town of Maiden. 



o2 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSAnV 

And especially do 1 feel it a great privilege and eminently fitting 
that it should be to a large gathering of the children that these words 
should be spoken. 

I congratulate the meml)ers of the school committee on the results 
of their earnest and faithful work in furthering the educational inter- 
ests of this city ; and sufficient evidence of this work is given us to-da}* 
as we look into the bright eyes and intelligent faces before us, assur- 
ing us that behind these lie ininds being trained to think and observe. 

Our schools, as we see them to-day, show, in a great measure, the 
faithful labor and thought of all wdio have held an honored position on 
the school committee in the past. 

Our superintendents also have been al)le and especially successful 
in their work. We are all proud of our present superintendent, who 
was for several years principal of our High School. He lias honored 
every position he has been called to fill ; and it is in all our memories 
that his work here was interrupted for a year that he might represent 
the educational interests of Massachusetts at the World's Fair in 
Chicago in 1893. He takes a front rank among the educatoi's of this 
commonwealth to-day. 

The principals of our schools and all tiie teachers connected with 
them, many of whom have given long jears of earnest and faithful 
service to the work, are all to be most heartily congratulated upon 
their excellent standing. To them belongs the credit, for without 
their heart}' cooperation and untiring work, day by day, this visible 
result would not be possible. This, carried on for a long series of 
years as a town and then as a city, has placed the schools of Maiden 
in the front rank among the schools of Massachusetts, which are 
famous tlie world ovei" for tlieir excellence. 

I wish to extend niy sincere congratulations to all who have taken 
a part in accom[)lishing these results. It is a work of which you may 
well be proud. 

The children before me to-day will with difficulty appreciate the 
difference between their beautiful schoolhouses, fitted with ever}" 
modern convenience to make learning eas}' and a pleasure, with their 
large sunny, well ventilated rooms, and the traditional red schoolhouse 
of years ago, with its one small room and uncomfortable benches, and 
an iron stove in the middle, which jour present mayor can fully de- 
scribe from his early recollections. 

From these same red schoolhouses have come, however, down from 
the hills of New Hampshire and Vermont men who have taken leading 
places in our large cities, in the busy marts of life, in the national and 
state governments, and in various positions of trust throughout the 
country. How much more, then, with every advantage which thought 
and money can offer, should you accomplish! And we are not disap- 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 33 

pointed in this, for we find our High School receiving the blight 
minds from the lower grades. Its membership is increasing every 
3ear, and we are proud of it ; for we know tliat tliose who have had 
tlie inestimable opportunity of a college training have gone from our 
High Scliool to Harvard, Yale, Boston University, Smith, and Vassar 
with high rank, and have graduated with honor to tliemselves and tlie 
schools which nourished them. Not only that, but those who were 
but the children of yesterday have come out of our schools, and are 
occup3-ing prominent positions in the community and in our public 
affairs to-day. 

We trust and hope that you children of to-day are fitting yourselves 
for these positions of trust and honor in the future. 

The people of the town and city of Maiden have been as a unit in 
doing all in their power to advance its educational interests. 

Since Maiden became a cit}', in 1882, about six hundred thousand 
dollars have been expended in new school buildings. I most firmly 
believe that tills department of tlie city will advance steadily, keeping 
pace witii the rapid growth of our population, in the future as in the 
past. 

ODE BY ARTHUR MARK CUMMINGS. 

Music, Fair Harvard. 
SCHOOL CHORUS. 

Fair City, rejoice, mid these jubilant throngs, 

As th}' children assemble to-day, 
"With pageants, and banners, and garlands, and songs, 

Their tribute of honor to pav. 
And among us yet others are standing unseen, 

Sober-clad and of visage austere : 
The\' have noiselessly come from tiieir low tents of green 

To partake of our festival cheer. 

O rugged forefathers and mothers, the years 

Bring rich triumphs to crown your repose : 
The vine in the wilderness planted with tears 

Hath blossomed like Sharon's sweet rose. 
God Unchanging, with us, as with them, be Thy grace ; 

Be our purpose as lofty and pure. 
When beside them we lie, in our last resting-place, 

Maj' our mein'ry as nobly endure. 

The Chairman. — We much regret that the inclemency of the 
weather prevents the attendance here tliis afternoon of the man whose 
name is in all our thoughts when we enter our beautiful public library 

3 



34 T]VO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

or stroll through the shady lanes in Pine Banks. " Oh ! he sits high 
in all our hearts." — Maiden's first citizen, the Honorable, ay, always 
Honorable, Elisha S. Converse ' 

The oldest living ex-meinber of the school committee in point of 
service is William S. Stearns, — a well known Boston law3-er, — whose 
absence from the state prevents his presence here to-da}'. He was a 
member of the school committee in 1849, just (ift\' 3ears ago. 

Rev. Aaron C. Adams, D.D., now of Wethersville, Conn., was a 
member of the school committee in 1854, as were also Rev. Daniel P. 
Livermore, D.D., of Melrose, and Matthias Crocker of this city. Dr. 
Livennore is confined to his home by illness, — his distinguished wife. 
Mar}- A. Livermore, expressing in a letter to the committee regret at 
their inability to be present. Dr. Adams, responding to our invita- 
tion, wrote : "I am not old enough to forget Maiden and m\' old 
Maiden friends way back in the 'oO's ; specially, as members of the 
school committee, Mr. Blanchard, whom I early lost sight of, Mr. 
Charles Carleton Coffin, with whom I maintained a good deal of 
intimacy to the end, and Rev. D. P. Livermore, whose doxy and mine, 
religioush', were a good way apart, yet in no way hindered our co- 
operation and good-fellowship." 

George D. B. Blanchard was a member of the committee in 1856, 
and James F. Eaton in 1857. Dr. J. Langdon Sullivan's service on 
the connnittee dates back to 1852, forty-seven years ; and thirty-eight 
years ago in the stormy days of '61 he was chairman of the school 
-committee. "■ Ours," said he, in the report of that year, '' is the age 
of progress, of expansion." True then, true now ; then eleven hun- 
dred children and twenty-three teachers, now five thousand children 
and one hundred and sixty teachers. "The office of school commit- 
tee," he tells us in his quaint way, "is no sinecure; its responsibili- 
ties are great ; its anxieties and perplexities manifold. The species 
of service they who accept it are called to render is one which towns 
seldom appreciate, and for which they are never grateful." In clos- 
ing this report he says : " When the future shall do justice to us, let 
it be said in our praise, 'They dared to speak the truth.' " I present 
one whose coming into many of our homes has been a benediction — 
the good physician, the poet, the man who " dared to speak the 
truth," Dr. J. Langdon Sullivan. 

ADDRESS BY JOIIX LANGDON SULLIVAN, M.D. 

3Ir. Chairmav, X,adit-s and Gentlemen, and Pupils of the 
3Ialden /Schools: — I think it a privilege to be born and brought up 
in Maiden. I think it a privilege to be brought up in Maiden, even 
though born elsewhere. In a few words let me saj- wh}'. In point of 



j^ 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 35 

natural beaiitv and hcaltlifiilness of situation, few towns excel our own. 
Maiden enjoys a great and increasing material prosperity. Its schools 
are excellent, inferior indeed to none in the commonwealth. Of these 
characteristics of our fair and flourishing city, all her citizens are 
prond. But it is not on account of these only that I esteem it as 
a high privilege to be born and brought up in the sunshine and 
shadows of old Mystic Side. It is first and chiefly because of the 
moral and spiritual influences with which Maiden surrounds and pro- 
tects her children and youth. 

A single illustration and T am done. As long as Maiden shall 
exist as a cit}-, so long shall the illustrious exam[)le of the noblest use 
of wealth set by her ciiief citizen and first multi-millionaire — tliat of 
making his large means contribute to the well-being and ha{)piness of 
an entire community — command tlie admiration and challenge the 
emulation of men. So long as Maklen shall exist as a city, from 
generation to generation shall that example awaken in other gener- 
ous bosoms a like spirit of disinterested Christian benevolence. That 
which thou sowest shalt thou surely reap. 

This is one only of the formative influences wherewith Maiden 
shapes, as with a potter's wheel, the plastic mind of youth. Amongst 
the hundreds of young persons to-da}- within these walls assembled, it 
is probable that the opportunities and obligations of great wealth 
shall hereafter devolve on more than one. Let each of you, my 
3'oung friends, here and now firmly resolve, and cherish as firmly 
through life, the resolution that, if Heaven shall ever vouchsafe to you, 
individually-, an opportunity to do good on a grand scale, the record- 
ing angel's pen shall, on the same page with Maiden's great living 
benefactor, write you too as one who loves his fellow-men. 

FREEDOM, OUR QUEEN. i 

Music by John K. Paixe. Words by 0. W. Holmes. 

SUNG BY MISS MARIE LUCIIINI. 

Land where the banners wave last in the sun. 
Blazoned with star clusters, many in one. 
Floating o'er prairie and mountain and sea; 
Hark! 'tis the voice of thy children to thee ! 
Here at thine altar our vows we renew 
Still in th}' cause to be loval and true, — 
True to thy flag on the field and the wave, 
Living to honor it, dying to save ! 

^ Words by permission of Houf^litdu, Mifflin & Company, jniblishers of Dr. 
Holmes's works. 



36 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Motlier of heroes ! if perfidy's blight 
Fall on a star in th}' garland of liglit, 
Sound but one bugle blast ! Lo, at the sign 
Armies all panoplied wheel into line. 
Hope of the world ! thou hast broken its chains, — • 
Wear th}' bright arms while a t3"rant remains ; 
Stand for the right till the nations shall own 
Freedom tlieir sovereign, with Law for her throne ! 

Freedom ! sweet Freedom ! our voices resound, 
Queen b}' God's l)lessing, unsceptrcd, uncrowned ! 
Freedom, sweet Freedom, our pulses repeat. 
Warm with her life-blood, as long as the}" beat! 
Fold the broad banner-stripes over her breast, — 
Crown her with star-jewels Queen of the AVest ! 
Earth for her heritage, God for her friend. 
She shall reign over us, world without end ! 

The Chairman. — We regret that time prevents more than a 
passing allusion to the excellent services rendered our cit}' by the 
men who have so abh' filled the office of superintendent of schools. 
Among the dead, George W. Copeland and William H. Lambert; 
among tlie living, our esteemed fellow-citizen, William A. Wilde, whose 
first official act in 1872 was the donation of five hundred dollars to 
the town for the purchase of maps, etc., for the schools ; that veteran 
in school work, Charles A. Daniels, — ma}- his days be long upon the 
earth, — whose modesty alone prevents his having a i)lace on this pro- 
gram. Let the i)resent speak. •" To-day Is a better day than yester- 
day." Our sup(;rintendent, your superintendent, George H Gay. 

ADDRESS BY GEORGE E. GAY. 

This day looks back two hundred and fifty years. It sees a score 
of houses, the same number of miserable farms. It looks toward the 
sea, down a silent and useless river. It sees twoscore men, women, 
boys, and girls, — such men, such women, such boys, and such girls 
as never before in the liistor}' of the world started out into a new land 
to make a new home and found a new nation. Around them were 
the members of a race that had held this land from time immemorial. 
They were a lazy race. They had never harnessed the forces of 
nature. They worked only that they might eat, and having eaten, 
they idled till hunger compelled them again to seek food. To-day 
these farms are noble parks, broad avenues, beautiful streets. Yonder 
river goes to the sea freighted with the wealth of the world. 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 61 

I have asked myself, Win' this change? Why shoiihl a score of 
Puritans, landing on this desert shore but two hundred and fifty years 
ago, make such a change as this? The land was here, the trees were 
here, all the forces of nature were here. This little stream of ours 
had been rolling to the sea for a thousand years, but no man had ever 
used its force until your ancestors put a grist-mill beside it. 

What marked these men that made our history ? As I have read that 
wonderful stor}' of the early life of this town, which everybody in Maiden 
is reading to-da^-, I think I have noticed two or three things in the eyes 
and in the hearts of these men and women, which account for all the 
growth wliich this township has had. First, I find the purpose to do 
and to be. The Indian had a purpose not to do, and a purpose not to 
be. The white man came to do and to be something worthy of the 
God who made him. The white man's axe felled the trees ; the white 
man's sickle mowed the grain ; the white man's hand reared the 
buildings; the white man's word rang out; the white man's sword 
won liberty. He dared to do because he first dared to be. 

I find another quality that characterized these ancestors of yours. 
They were an industrious company of people ; oi', if there were a 
drone among them, he was, like all drones everywhere, an incubus, — 
a load which the workers had to carry. 

I find another element, another characteristic in these men, and if 
I am rigiit, this third thing was the most important of the three, and 
has had more to do with the material and the moral prosperity of our 
city than any other force. What is this which thus distinguishes our 
ancestors? It is the spirit of self-denial, — the willingness to bury 
the emotion, the feeling, the passion, the desire of the moment in 
order to win the reward that lies at the end of toil. And every house 
in this city, every stone in its pavements, every brick in its school- 
houses, is there because some man, some woman, some boy, or some 
girl has denied himself for the present in order that he, or others, 
might have and win and enjoy in the future. 

The past is behind ; the future is before us. Two hundred and 
fifty years hence what shall this city be? If its people are marked 
by the same high purpose, by the same willingness to do, by the same 
gift, yea, divinest gift of self-sacrifice, this public spirit which looks 
forward, — then the growth of the next quarter-millennium shall be 
as great as the growth of the past. These men, these women, these 
boys and girls whom we look back to, have passed away ; but ever3' 
one who has contributed toward the grow'th of the city in these ways 
has left behind the result of his labor and the inspiration of his 
example. 

I stand every day and look at the noblest building in this city, 
aye, at one of the noblest buildings in the world, the INIalden Public 



38 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Library ; and to nie it is not a pulilic library at all. It is what its 
name says it is, a memorial building. A memorial to whom? A 
memorial to a young man stricken down at his post of dut}'. I 
would that every bo^- and girl, as he or slie enters those walls, would 
sa}', looking reverentl}' toward him in whose memory this building 
rises, " I too will do the work that is set for me to do ; 1 too will 
die at m}' post." 

TO THEE, O COUNTRY! 

Music by Julius Eichberg. 

SCHOOL CHOIJUS. 

To thee, O country-, great and free, 

With trusting hearts we cling; 
Our A'oices, tuned b\- joAOUS love, 

Thy pow 'r and praises sing. 
Upon thy mighty, faithful heart 

We lay our burdens down ; 
Thou art the only friend who feels 

Their weight without a frown. 

For thee we daily work and strive, 

To thee we give our love ; 
For thee with fervor deep we pray 

To Him who dwells above. 
O God, preserve our fatherland, 

Let Peace its ruler be, 
And let her happy kingdom stretch 

From north to southmost sea. 

The Chaikman. — It was as a member of the school committee, 
and in the discharge of the duties of that high office, that Marcellus 
Coggan, Esq., first gained the confidence of the peoi)le, — a confidence 
that led to his election as mayor. Ex-Ma} or and ex-Chairman of 
the school committee, Hon. Marcellus Coggan. 



ADDRESS BY THE HOX. ]\L\RCEI.LUS COGGAN. 

Felkno Citizens: — When I received from your chairman an in- 
vitation to speak this afternoon, the question occurred to me to ask. 
What can I say? That question comes at this moment with very 
terrific force — what can I say? The past brings up so many memo- 
ries, the future suggests so many things, that it is ver}- difficult to 
select the most fitting thing to be said upon an occasion like this. 
But humanity is as a gi-eat river, rolling onward and onward with its 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 39 

mighty waters, and finally depositing us all in the great ocean of eter- 
nity. And of all tiie interesting exercises to which the city of Maiden 
will be invited during this celebration, none will be of so much interest 
to yon, none will give me so great a pleasure, as this present occasion. 
To look into the faces of those who are to be the future citizens of 
our municipalit}', of our commonwealth, and of our repul)lic, and to 
contemplate what they are to furnish for their city, their common- 
wealth, and the nation, is a most interesting privilege ; and as we sit 
here and contemplate all tliis, tlie thought occurs to me that if one 
generation of American youth would devote their time, their training, 
and their energies, unselfislily, regardless, entirely regardless, of self, 
to the cause of humanity, the tyranny of the world would tremble 
before it wlien it came on the stage of action. It will be but a short 
time before the youth of this city will take their places on the stage 
of active life. You have been fortunate in the hour of your birth. 
You have been most fortunate in the circumstances which have sur- 
rounded your training. You are fortunate in your school ; you are 
fortunate in your parents ; and that is what makes this occasion the 
most interesting of all the events of this two hundred and fiftieth 
anniversary : because here is centred the heart of our homes, the very 
focus of our affection ; and when that is set forth as the object of the 
devotion of any people, you may be sure there is a deep and a lasting 
interest in it. I am aware, my young friends, tliat I must be brief in 
what I have to say ; and I want to sav to you that I never shall be 
old enougli not to be able, as long as reason is u[)on its throne, to 
participate in your pleasures, to rejoice with you in your joys, and to 
wish and hope that when 30U sliall come to the hour of manhood and 
of womanhood you ma}' take hold upon the duties of citizenship, and 
resolve that your effort shall be given to the cause of the generations 
that shall come after you, as the generations that have gone before 
you have given their efforts in your behalf. In this way, and onl}' 
in this wav, can these free American institutions, which give you so 
raucii to enjoy, which furnish to you such great opportunities, be per- 
petuated for successive generations. And let me ask you now to 
take with you one thought of the future, and to remember that citi- 
zenship is close upon you. Its duties, its responsibilities, are your 
own, almost within your grasp, and I urge you earnestly to take up 
the work of preparing for those duties and performing your part in 
the history of your raunicipalit}-, of your commonwealth and your 
country. 



40 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

STARS AND STRIPES FOREVER. 
Words by J. H. Milliken. March (Sousa). 

BAND AND CHORUS. 

All hiiil to the stripes and the stars ! 

It 's the flag of the fearless and free ; 
Hurrah for our own gallant tars, 

Who uphold it on e\'vy sea. 

And hurrah for our heroes in blue, 

Who are marching in Liberty's name ; 

Oh, ma}- our glorious flag 

Forever wave o'er true and brave 
In endless fame ! 

All hail to the flag ! May its folds 

E'er protect those who freedom would find. 

And may each new star that it holds 
Mark an era of peace to mankind. 

Let nations " remember the ' Maine.' " 

The spirit of Lil)erty 's aflame ; 
Oh, ma3' our glorious flag 

Forever wave o'er true and brave 
In endless fame ! 

The Chairman. — So recently a member of our committee that 
we have hardly ceased looking for his presence at our regular meet- 
ings, — a man man}- of these children have met in the schoolroom, for. 
he was a frequent observer of their work , — it seems but a renewal of 
acquaintanceship to introduce ex-Mayor John E. Farnham. 

ADDRESS BY THE HON. JOHN E. FARNHAM. 

To me this is the most interesting portion of our celebration ; and 
if I had been asked to choose some part of it where I might have had 
the privilege of saying one word, it would have been right here in the 
presence of these fresh young faces. I once heard the late Governor 
Robinson say that Massachusetts was noted chiefly for but two pro- 
ductions, namel}', her annual crop of ice, and her men and women ; 
and here we have before us her noblest production, — her little men 
and women. Now I promise you that I will not speak longer than 
five minutes, for that is the time that is allowed to me this afteinoon ; 
and in that short time what can I sav, or what can be said fitting for 




THE CITY HALL 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 41 

an occasion like this? You know it is taught in our history books 
tliat the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth was an accident. Well, 
the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth was an accident, — they in- 
tended to land on the shores of New Jersey ; but the fact that the 
Pilgrims sailed, and the reason why they sailed, from Holland and 
from England, was no accident, and that is the chief question with us. 
They sailed, and we see the result here. And that little band of Pil- 
grims, and the Puritans also, started, it seems to us, right. They 
started from the presumption that the school and the government 
must go hand in hand. They believed that the one was dependent 
upon the other, and tliat without free schools the state was not safe. 
And do 30U realize that, with Plymouth settled in 1620 and Boston in 
1630, in 1636, six 3eais after the settlement of Boston, an order or a 
bill was passed appropriating four thousand pounds for the purpose 
of establishing a university? That, my friends, was thirteen years 
before Maiden became a town. And do you realize, also, that two 
years before Maiden became a town, in 1647, the first act was 
passed which established a pulilic-school system in the United States? 
Now that princi[)le. enacted away back there — and our school system, 
remember, is two hundred and fifty years old — that system and that 
principle recognized there have been recognized by the Congress of the 
United States, when, in the great boundless lands of the AVest, a cer- 
tain portion of those lands is required to be given up for the purposes 
of the public schools. It is said that a little learning is a dangerous 
thing. If this is so, I am afraid it is dangerous to all of us ; for 
there is nobody that possesses any more than a little learning. But we 
do say that, ever3"thing else being equal, a little learning is a good 
thing and tends to make better citizens. Oh, I wish I had in the 
few minutes at mv command the eloquence and the ability to present 
to you, and the ability to bring forth in you, some great truth that 
would be of value to you in the future. We all know that, if 30U will 
use the talents you possess to the best of your abilit3-, wherever 3'ou 
go in the future, and the older you grow, you will look back with a 
great deal of pleasure and pride to this celebration. Now I want to 
say one word more. Daniel Webster, in one of his great orations, 
said that if the United States had done nothing more than to produce 
such a character as Washington, it was a grand success. And that 
character of Washington is what it seems to me we should stud3' to- 
da3' more than everything else. And if we humbh' learn of him and 
at his feet, I know that our lives will not have been spent in vain. 

The Chairman. — " The public school will perform its best and 
noblest work if it shall endow its pupils with moral integrity, a well 
disciplined mind, and a sound and vigorous bodv." These words, 



42 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

which ring so true, I find in the report of the school committee for 
1889, a report written b}' the able and scholarly chairman of that year, 
Erastus B. Powers, Esq. 

ADDRESS BY ERASTUS B. POWERS. 

3Ir. (Jhdirman and Scholars of the Public Schools of the City 
of Maiden : — It is an inspiration to stand this day in your presence. 
Lord Macaulay, in magnificent words, has described the great audi- 
ence that assembled to commemorate the trial of AVarren Hastings. 
There were gathered there, from every part of that enlightened and 
prosperous realm, the representatives of every walk of life. And so 
in this vast audience that is assembled to-da}' within these walls are 
included the dear ones of the home, the pride of the school, and the 
future hope of the city of INIalden and the commonwealth of Massa- 
chusetts. With most of us who are this da}' to address 3'ou, the sun 
of life has reached its meridian. With man}' it is descending the 
western skies. Our duties will soon become yours ; and as the best 
preparation for those duties, allow me most modestly to recommend to 
you — and in this da}' I trust I need not add the qualifying distinction, 
without regard to sex — a careful reading and study of political his- 
tory and of the science of civil government. You stand upon the 
threshold of the most important era, certainly of one of tlie most 
important eras, in our national life. There will be abundant needs for 
the labors of the scholar, tlie wisdom of the statesman, and the fidelity 
of the patriot. Vast accumulations of organized capital are con- 
fronted b}' the forces of organized lal)or. Socialistic ideas and prin- 
ciples are rapidly taking deep and permanent root in the body politic. 
Demagogues ma}' indeed widen the breach and incite violence, but it 
is your duty, tlie duty of the American scholar, to devise and enact 
those legislative enactments that shall conduce to the security and 
freedom of labor, to the rights of the citizen, and tiie security of gov- 
ernment. We do not despair of the republic. We have an aVjiding 
and abundant confidence that in the solution of this great and difficult 
problem the descendants of those heroic forefathers who two hundred 
and fifty years ago laid broad and deep the foundations of civil liberty 
upon the shores of this western world, will bear well their part. We 
have an abiding and an abundant confidence that you will bear your 
part in triumphantly moulding into the higher life of a state and 
nation the supremacy of law and the freedom of the citizen. In your 
high school course what happens? The most efficient instruments of 
mental culture and discipline are the Greek and Latin languages. 
Those of you who have faithfully pursued those studies in the public 
schools will bear testimony that they have a higher purpose and utility 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 43 

than to vex the dreams of the schoolboy. But, after all, they are but 
the instruments of the mental oymnasium. Their influence does not 
extend, except in that direction, beyond the doors of the public school, 
the college, or the university. With the exception of the master- 
l)ieces of half a dozen authors which very few of us can, and nobody 
does, read in the original, little of their literature has been preserved, 
and it would avail us little if it had. Let me, then, as an elder, but not 
as a better, commend to you, in the shi-eds and patches of time which 
\o\\ have during your school course, and in tlie more abundant oppor- 
tunities of your future life, the careful reading and stud}' of the best 
works in jour own language. A taste for what is highest and best 
in literature is not onl}' the ornament of age, but it is the protec- 
tion of youth. Fortunate is the scholar who has learned to read and 
appreciate the elegant expression and the musical cadence of the 
Sketch Book, the magnificent word-painting of the J^ssays o?i Warren 
Hastings and Jolui Milton, and the iunnortal panegyric upon Marie 
Antoinette, or those many passages in Hamlet which, going to the 
depth of both mind, and heart, and sonl, have become interwoven with 
the very texture of our common speech. Is there any danger that 
such a scholar, having perused such works as these, will ever feed and 
batten on the moor of that sensational literature which this age 
scatters upon ns more abundantly than the autumnal leaves that fall 
in Vallombrosa? The English language is worth}' of the study and 
the admiration of the scholar and the citizen. It speaks to the ear 
like Italian, to the sense of beaut}' like the Greek, to the mind like the 
German. It is as universal as our race and as individual as ourselves. 
It contains within its garnered treasures more of the gems of beauty 
and wisdom, more of the history of civilization and the growth of in- 
dividuals and nations, than pertains to any other language, living or 
dead. Now, if it occurs to you scholars that all this has a little taint 
of the schoolroom, yon must remember that before I entered upon my 
present profession I was a teacher, and the ruling passion is strong. 

MARYLAND! MY MARYLAND! 

SCHOOL CHOKUS. 

Thou wilt not cower in the dust, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 
Thy beaming sword shall never rust, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 
Remember Carroll's sacred trust, 
Remember Howard's warlike thrust, 
And all thy slumb'rers with the just, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 



44 T WO H UNDR ED AND FIF TIE TH A NNI VERSA R Y 

Thou wilt not yield the Vandal toll, 

Marjdand ! my Maryland ! 
Thou wilt not crook to his control, 

Maryland ! ni}' Maryland ! 
Better the fire upon thee roll, 
Better the shot, the blade, the bowl, 
Than crucifixion of the soul, 

Maryland ! my IMaryland ! 

I see no blusli upon thy cheek, 

Maryland ! m}- Maryland ! 
Though thou wast ever bravely meek, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 
For life and death, for woe and weal. 
Thy peerless chivahy reveal. 
And gird thy beauteous limbs with steel, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 

I hear the distant tlunider hum, 

Maryland ! my Maryland I 
The Old Line bugle, fife, and drum, 

Maryland ! m}" Maryland ! 
Come ! to tliine own heroic throng, 
Tliat stalks with Liberty along, 
And ring thy dauntless slogan song, 

Maryland ! my Maryland ! 

The Chairman. — In 1877 the town of Maiden created the office 
of superintendent of schools, and George A. Littlefield for two years 
served our people in that capacity. "A teacher to succeed in Mai- 
den — " I quote from his first report — " must be especiall}' sensible, 
ingenious, scholarly, and self-reliant." As true to-day as twenty 
years ago. We are doubly glad to welcome this distinguished resident 
of Rhode Island, the Hon. George A. Littlefield of Providence. 

ADDRESS BY THE HON. GEORGE A. LITTLEFIELD. 

It gives me great pleasure to meet again the scholars and teachers of 
Maiden, and among them so many of my old friends. It was a great 
many years ago, one spring, a little earlier than this, that I first had 
the good fortune to come to Maiden. Having heard that the princi- 
palship of your West School was vacant, I boldly applied for it, offer- 
ing to withdraw in the course of a month or two if my services were not 
acceptable. I came on trial, and the fact was dul}' announced ; but 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 45 

there never was a prouder moment in ni}' life tlian when, after three 
months' trial, I was told I might remain for a year ; and the next six 
or seven years of n)y life were spent here as the principal of the Centre 
School and as superintendent of the schools. Those were among the 
most enjoyable years I ever experienced. 

That old Centre Schoolhouse, whicli not one of you ever saw, is a 
dear memory to some of us here. The day it burned down was a 
bitter cold one in winter. The fire broke out in the afternoon, just 
before the time for the school to o[)en. Many of tiie scholars were 
already in their seats. They left, unconscious of danger, when the 
teachers told them they might have half an hour to play that afternoon 
until the bell should call them in. The device was successful in 
emptying the building without a panic, but the old school-bell never 
rang again. It was an able and devoted school committee that had 
charge of the schools of IMalden in those days; and, judging fj-oin the 
present admirable character of your scholars, the same wise manage- 
ment has continued. Their purpose in school affairs seems to be, as 
it always should he, to consider ever}- proposition upon its own par- 
ticular merits. The schools, of course, should be organized and 
classified, so far as it is possible, for the benefit of the individual 
pupils ; but they should never be graded for the sake of grading into 
unalterable grooves cut in chilled steel. 

One of tlie noteworthy features of the school work then, as I trust 
it still is, was the cordial cooperation which always existed between 
the teachers and the i)arents, between the [)arents and the teachers. 
Their joint purpose seemed to be, as it always should be, to make the 
common school attractive to every child in the communit}-. The good 
teacher, like a good pastor, will be a welcome iutluence and an inspi- 
ration. The parents' responsibility ceases when the children start 
for school. Daniel Webster's motiier understood this. She set a true 
example in the community in that time by attempting to teach her son 
herself; and then by denying herself everything to keep him at 
school, and by weaving and dyeing the garments which he wore when 
at Exeter Academy. But the first attempt in declamation broke down 
in tears. And though he was the cause of tears to that fond mother, 
she was 3'et to see him recognized with orators such as Demosthenes, 
Burke, and Chatham, as one of the seven wonders of the world of 
oratory. 

Of the young people and the teachers with whom I had the honor 
to be associated in this city I cannot speak too appreciativelN'. They 
seemed to be the ver}' best friends I had in the world ; and so long as 
I continue to wear this little endless band of gold — the only thing, 
I suppose, about me that I bring back to Maiden — this little band 
of gold the}' gave me — I shall always think my regard was recipro- 



46 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

cated. Why, it was a Maiden High School girl, a graduate of that 
valuable institute of learning, with whom in the church near by I had 
the honor to exchange life-long promises, which, I trust, have never 
yet gone to protest. 

Notwithstanding quite a wide experience of education after leav- 
ing Maiden, I can truly say tliat I am in no small degree indebted to 
this good city of Maiden and to my experience here for my very 
fundamental conception of tlie ideal of the teacher, — the teacher in 
whose ears the song of the ninety and nine rings right on forever 
until she brings the last child into the fold of virtue and honor, — the 
teacher who is absorbed with just such devotion and honor to her 
pupils, and who has just such a patient willingness to set them right 
for the thousandth time, who has such an abiding confidence in them 
and such a yearning love for them, as only the tenderest mother or the 
Great Teacher Himself has for them. 

Ah, my friends, teaching is a fine art, demanding in the artist not 
only character, scholarship, culture, and method, but also such a 
powerful aesthetic imagination, such a love of beauty, and such an 
abiding sense of tlie immortahty of the children as shall inspire the 
teacher at every step. The material upon which the teaclier works is 
more priceless than precious gems, more tangible than wood and iron ; 
for it is not known to be subject to sucli cliange as the transmutation 
of forces. Remember that every turn of the wheel and every stroke 
of the brush shall make or mar, botli for time and eternity. It is 
indeed the material of a human soul wliicii the teacher fasliions ; it 
is the living, winged spirit, a radiant being rising into view out of 
the illimitable past. Its course for a time is through this terrestrial 
atmosphere. It comes for a time within finite gaze, but at length 
it passes away out of sight without the slightest slackening of speed. 

" Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting. 
The Soul within us, our life's star, 
Has bad elsewhere its setting 
And Cometh from afar. 
Not in entire forgetfulness, 
Nor yet in utter nakedness, 
Like trailing clouds of glory do we come, 
From God, who is our home." 

As has been well said, for the whole ground has been covered, it 
is eminently fitting that a great quarter-millennium celebration should 
open with this first exhibition of the public school. No other interest 
of the community is more important. We never tire in this land of 
declaring that we are all born free and equal. Now do we not talk 
about it every time we pay you a visit? It is vastly more important 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 47 

to reineniber that we slionUl remain free and equal than that we are 
born free and equal ; and the chief agency to that end consists in this 
noble system of common schools. Ah, I thank the electrician for 
lighting up here the red on their cheeks, the white on their hands, 
and the glow of their eyes. Or is it a Star-Spangled Banner I am 
thinking of? Ah, I sa}' there is no other interest in the community 
more important than this — no other agency more A'aluable than our 
common schools. It is the chief force of our economical epoch. Wh}' 
an}^ attempt springing from motives of false economy' or exclusiveness 
to limit the advantages of free education to that select few whose 
leisure and means permit them to do nothing else but to attend school 
for twenty to twenty-five years? If it is the idea that they will 
monopolize the successes of life, — an}- such attempt is rebuked b}' 
every page of our history. There is no spirit of oriental caste in 
America. It was a young Amei-ican who admitted that his father 
was a swine-herd. "Yes," he replied to the high-born idler, "and 
if vour father had been a swine-herd you would have been one too." 
Ah, friends, what is a grander privilege in this realm, whether we 
consider it as a form of life endowment for ourselves or as a provision 
for our children, than the right to place those children under the care 
of teachers who shall be just as worthy as the father, in his capacit}^ 
of citizen, sees fit to demand, — teachers whose morning hymn shall 
never cease? With Dr. Watts, we can say : — 

" Could I in stature reach the pole, 
Or grasp the ocean with a span, 
I would be measured by my soul, — • 
The mind 's the standard of the man." 

Well, I must not detain you. What an admirable example 3-our 
Massachusetts speakers set here. One thought in closing. You are 
indeed fortunate. You are to be co-related with this great historic 
anniversary of yours, upon which you are to spend several days look- 
ing backwards, and especially forward during the centurj- ; and which 
falls in the brilliant close of the nineteenth century, when for the first 
time the eyes of the whole world are concentrated upon America. 
Our countr}' is the product of four hundred years of growth out of 
widel}' varied peoples and territories. But up to the spring of 1898 
we had lived as a nation in comparative isolation. The great powers 
of the world knew little of our existence, and held us only in ill- 
defined respect. In the matter of armies, they had the idea that the 
ideal, the typical soldier, is the German, who will march right up to 
the cannon's mouth and cut into pieces the enemy's platoons without 
ever swerving from company front. In the matter of navies, they 
viewed as invincible the British battle-ship. 



48 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Now, 1113' friends, the charge of the American volunteer up San 
Juan hill and the performance of the American fleet at Manila Bay 
compelled a pause in these establislied trains of thought, and taught 
the world that at least there are others. Why, the Spanish admiral 
over there at Manila knew, before a single shot was fired, that he 
would be annihihited, when he saw the American squadron steaming 
in there and lining up in that encircling naval procession, as if the}- 
feared nothing in the heaven above, in the earth beneath, and espe- 
cially' in the waters under the earth. Ah, the supreme lesson for 3'ou, 
my young friends, out of that crisis — I know what you are thinking 
. of, but it is not that. It is not in tlie magnificent courage, sublime 
and stead}', of our Green Mountain admiral, Dewe}' — Dewej', you 
know, had been down there at Mobile Bay, like Farragut, the old 
sea dog. It lies not in his sublime courage ; it lies rather, for young 
people who are preparing for the battle of life, right in the cool, un- 
wavering nerve, the scientific accuracy of the American sailor and the 
men behind the guns. They never wearied. Now, boys, don't you 
wear}' with the multiplication-table. The American sailor had never 
wearied witli year after year of unceasing target-practice ; and the 
target wliich he had in 1898 was the mediaeval civilization, which he 
knocked off the western continent. Why, your able superintendent 
talks about the power to do and be. What better illustration do you 
want of it than that numerical precision of American shot and shell 
curving over there with mathematical precision, and landing, one after 
another, right in the vitals of those Spanish monarchs? Ah, my 
friends, and best of all, what better illustration do you ask, boy or 
man who knows so much, and so many things which are not so, than 
was symbolized by the harmless activity of the Spaniards? If you 
were Rhode Islanders, I should have something to sa}' about our Tea 
Party there. Now who of you, as a loyal son of Massachusetts, was 
not reminded, in reading of the impregnable position taken by our 
fleet — by the "Boston" and b}' the other noble ships — of that 
passage referred to in Webster's immortal reply to Haynes? — " Mr. 
President, I shall not enter upon any encomiums upon Massachusetts. 
There she is. Behold and judge for yourselves. There is her history. 
The world knows it by heart. The past at least is secure. There is 
Boston, and Concord, and Bunker Hill, and there they will remain 
forever." 

Well, now, a good deal of what 1 have said has been for the 
benefit of the .young folks, and 3'ou must excuse me, for I did not see 
your program before coming here. I have just one thought in con- 
clusion. It will not take me five minutes. It is not only true that 
the eyes of the world for the first time are concentrated u[)on America. 
It is also true that young America himself, for the first time, is seeing 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 49 

liimsolf i 1 the mirror of the whole world. Why, he grew a eentur}-, 
he grew to man's estate, in those one hnndred and thirteen days of 
1898. I e realizes now that he is actuall}' within the circle of nations, 
and henceforth must do a grown-np son's part in the world's work. 
Besides his phenomenal success, if 30U believe it on the fourth of 
Jul}', 30Ling America will become more modest as the Nears go on, 
learning, as he does, all the goodness there is in other forms of 
government. Wliy, think of our nearness to England. That near- 
ness has been increased by the Spanish war as never before. Shake- 
speare is common to both tiiese countries, and the Englisli language 
has been shown to be grander than ever before. It is not, only the 
richest storehouse in iiistory, but it re[)resents the strongest civilizing 
force in existence. If now these two great branches of the Anglo- 
Saxon race on both sides of the Atlantic shall stoop to take up the 
white man's burden, as it is to be presumed that they will, who can 
estimate the uplift of civilization wliich will follow? 

As a member of the bar, not because I love teaching best, I am 
interested in that great thought to which I shall now call your atten- 
tion. Positively my last appearance. But it is a matter that has 
been mentioned in all the law books. I think that in the next gener- 
ation it will command profound attention. The supreme reverence 
of other countries for America, as the^- study us, is our unique position 
in the matter of constitutional law. The framing and intei-pretation 
of written constitutions, with penalties to secure their enforcement 
and the administration of government under them, is the great his- 
toric differentiation of America fi'om all other countries. Our forty- 
four written state constitutions supjjort and are supported by the 
great keystone of the United States, each preserving perfect equipoise 
in its legislative, executive, and judicial functions. Now the touch- 
stone of all these great title-deeds is the perfect equality of all men, 
without the slightest hereditary diffei-ences. I verilal)ly believe that 
it is this principle of equality, infusing itself into this thought of 
America, which is to be chiefly credited, not only with our political 
advancement, but with the advancement of this country' in all the 
arts and sciences. Constitutional law here, to be sure, has had great 
issues to meet. There was at the outset a troul)lesome question rela- 
tive to the power of the great states and the small ones. It was 
happil}' settled in the plan of our constitution, which gave Rhode 
Island, for example, as many senators as Massachusetts. There was 
the crucial test in the early days, when the courts dared to i)ut their 
feet down and declare a law unconstitutional and set it aside. New 
grounds when that was first broken, my young friends. Ah, there 
was a masterlj' division of powers between the national and the state 
governments, not recognized, not admitted, until our civil war con- 
4 



50 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

firmed it, but now established in n law steady as the basis of the 
social system, our great central sun of local government having not 
the slightest wish to disturb the local routine of states so long as it 
conforms to the law of the sj'stem. Well, those problems touched 
upon do not trouble me here. The trespasses of the mone\- power 
when it becomes unscrupulous, and the differences of capital and labor 
seem not insurmountable in the light of those things of which I liave 
spoken. The whole people, so long as it is Christian and educated, 
is wiser and stronger than any class of the people. Abraham Lincoln's 
definition of our government is scientifically exact, — a government 
of the people, for the people, and b}' the people. 

" Yet, God, we thank Tliee for this bouiiKiOus birthright of the free, 
Where wanderers from afar may come and breathe the air of liberty. 
Still may her flowers nntrampled spring. 
Her harvests wave, her cities rise ; 
And yet, till time shall fold her wing, 
Remain earth's loveliest Paradise." 



I 



MARCH OF OUR NATION. 

SCHOOL CHORUS. 



Adam Geibel. 



Onward, march onward, dear land of the free: 
Spread thy proud flag over land and o'er sea. 

Sing it with glory, and sing it with raiglit. 
Virtue, and honor, and freedom, and right. 

God, Father of nations, unto Thee we sing : 

Guard, guide, and protect us, — our almighty King. 

Still e'er may we follow Thj' precepts divine. 

And may sweet Freedom's bright star on us shine. 

The Chairman. — From the days of Horace Mann to the present 
time the state has manifested a deep interest in our public schools, 
and never more so than now. Always welcome where educational 
matters are discussed, equally at home in college hall or primary 
schoolroom, we deem it high honor to have with us the secretary 
of the State Board of Education, Hon. Frank A. Hill. 

ADDRESS BY THE HOX. FRANK A. HILL. 

I HAVE to give fift3' 3-ears of Maiden's history in five minutes. I give 
it up, Mr. Chairman. It cannot be done, at least by myself. So 
I propose to limit myself to the heads of my discourse, and to those 
heads only. Here they are, in all their baldness and possibly in 
all their shininess, if they have that qualit}-. 



PUBLIC SCHOOL EXERCISES 51 

1. The Ijoys and giiis of Mulden in 1G49 by no possilnlity could 
have foreseen the wonderful development of Maiden during these 
two hundred and fifty years. The boys and girls of Maiden to-da}- 
can surve}' it all. There is where you all have the great advantage. 

2. The Maiden of 1649 had faith in public schools, but lacked 
the administration. The Maiden of 1899 has faith in public schools 
and does not lack the administration. Witness this beautiful and 
hopeful occasion and all that it signifies. 

3. Exclusively for the Maiden girls. In 1649, girls did not attend 
the public schools. They M-ere not forbidden to do so, so far as I 
can find out, but it was not the custom. The}' went to dame schools, 
and learned their letters, and that was enough. One hundred and 
Aft}- years later, the girls began to appear on the outskirts of the 
public school systems, in summer schools, like Alpine flowers bridg- 
ing the glaciers. To-da^', nobody dreams of asking where they are in 
the public schools, but rather where the}" are not. 

4. The idea of a cultivated, educated girl in 1649 was scouted. 

5. There were some good people in those days who even thought 
that the woman Avho had literary tastes was on the verge of insanitv. 
Just a bit of history to clinch. 

6. Governor Winthrop, in his history of New England, 1640 to 
1649, — my notes say he began to stop writing history when INIaldeu 
began to make history, — Governor Wintiirop tells in that historv a 
very pathetic story about Mrs. Hopkins, wife of the governor in 
Hartford, Conn., how she was fallen into a sad infirmity, no less than 
the loss of her reason from the reading and writing of books. Jf 
Mrs. Hopkins, said the good governor, had minded her household 
affairs and such things as belong to women, and had not gone out of 
her wa}- and calling to meddle with things which belong to men, 
whose minds are stronger, she had not lost her wits. 

7. Teachers, my young friends, in themselves, will never insure a 
noble womanhood or a noble manhood. 

8. It is imperative that there shall be a ligiit use of teachers. 
Alone they count for nothing — nay, I sometimes think that X\\q\ ai'e 
worse than nothing. 

9. These are times for trusts, gigantic trusts, organizations, steel 
trusts, coal trusts, wool trusts, bicycle trusts, and what not. Let me 
commend to each one of you a trust. The trusts of the time will 
some of them be solid and good. But some of them are mei-e rain- 
bow bubbles, that are destined in time to burst. p]ach one of vou 
can be the promoter of a trust. Who and what shall be the parties 
to that trust? Let me name a few. Your parents or school teacheis, 
then the goodly system of Maiden, your integrity, your amltition, 
your zeal, your persistency, your determination, vour indomitable 



52 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

pluck to make the most of yourself. Organize all these things in a 
trust. It is not necessary to go to New Jersey to do it. The stock 
of this trust is all preferred, the dividends are guaranteed, as they sa}' 
in the stock market. The world is short, so far as the stock of such 
a trust is concerned. Be long, as they say, in that stock. The stock 
is certain to rise above par. It is above par already. I am sure 
that such a trust can never be an iridescent bubble. But my time 
is up. 

Two hundred and fifty years from now your great-great-great- 
grandchildren — how many greats shall I say? — will undoubtedly 
assemble just as we are assembled hereto-day to talk it all over. Let 
us hope that in that far distant time the Maiden of those days will 
look back witli as much pride upon five hundred years as the Maiden 
of to-day looks back with pride upon her two hundred and fifty years. 
You are here, mv young friends, to celebrate the past, to welcome 
the future, to give this goodly city a send-off on its second quarter- 
millennium. Let that send-off be a magnificent one. You can give 
Maiden such a send-otf, if you onh' will — a magnificent send-off, 
that will be a credit to your ancestry-, an honor to jourself, and an 
inspiration to those who come after you. 



THE STAR-SPAXGLED BANNER. 

Solo by Miss Makik E. Luohini. 
school chorus. 

Oh, say. can you see, by the dawn's early light, 

What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming, 
Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight, 
O'er tlie ramparts we watched were so gallantl}' streaming? 
And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air. 
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. 

Choriisj Oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave 

O 'er the land of the free and the home of the brave ? 

On the sliore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep, 
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes, 
What is tliat which the breeze, o'er the towering steep, 
As it fitfulh' blows, half conceals, half discloses? 

Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam ; 
In full glory reflected, now shines on the stream. 

Chorus: 'T is the star-spangled banner : oh, longma}' it wave 
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. 



CAPT. DODD'S TROOPERS 53 

Oh, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand 

Between their loved home and the wild war's desolatioii ; 
Blest with victory and peace, may the heaven-rescued laud 
Praise the power that hath made and preserved us a nation ! 
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just, 
And this be our motto : " In God is our trust." 

Chorus : And the star-spangled banner in triumph sliall wave 
O'er the land of the free and tiie home of the brave. 



CAPTAIN DODD'S TROOPERS. 

It was owing to the timely' and energetic action of Chairman Cox and 
the hearty assistance of Senator Lodge that permission was obtained 
from the War Department for the presence of troop F, of the third 
U. S. cavalr}', at the celebration. 

This noted troop, which has distinguished itself by its service in 
the West and at El Cane}' and Santiago, is considered the best drilled 
troop in the regular army. Capt. George A. Dodd, its commander, 
one of the best cavalry officers in the service, has brought it to a high 
state of disftipline and efficiency, wliich was vvell sliovvn in the several 
drill exhibitions which were given here. 

The troop arrived in Maiden on the- afternoon of Monday, May 15, 
and proceeded to its quarters at the stables of the Lynn & Boston 
R. R. Co., at Broadway Square, where all the necessary conveniences 
for the comfort of the men had been provided by the committee on 
athletic and field sports. On the afternoon of the next day it started 
on a march through the surrounding countr}-, camping the first night 
at Wakefield, and returning to its quarters in Maiden on Friday. 
The soldierl}' appearance of the men as they passed through the city 
made a good impression, and their order and manly bearing made 
many friends while they remained in Maiden. 

The first pul)lic exhibition here was given at Ferryway Green on 
Saturday afternoon, in the presence of a large crowd of spectators- 
Stewart's Military Band was stationed upon the field and gave a short 
concert previous to tlie arrival of the troop, which came upon the field 
while Sousa's El Capitan was being played. The 3Ialden Ecening 
Neios said of this drill : — 

"Captain Dodd and Lieutenant Howard rode on to the fiehl the 
cynosure of ten thousand people, who gave them a roar of applause. 
The crowd was probably the largest ever gathered in Maiden. The 



54 T]VO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

fiel'l is just right to drill in. The rough riding that followed the 
iniisical drill was a great sight, and every small bo}' who saw it 
declared it heat a circus. 

'•'• The band was stationed in the corner of the field, and to its 
music the troop then executed the silent musical drill, which has 
made it so renowned. Being in line, right by file was executed, and 
al»out the field in single column galloped those intelligent steeds, on 
whose backs sat their gallant riders as though a part of the horse. 
Then followed a series of evolutions, which it almost passes belief 
could be executed l)y horses and men ; and the thousands of specta- 
tors were so completely surprised that it was some time before they 
could bring themselves to applaud. 

"Captain Dodd, superbly mounted on his chestnut mare, Cadet, 
directed the whole I)y a wave of the hand, and the eye of the first 
sergeant was ever upon him. Being in line, distances were opened 
to the front, and the horses circled to the I'ight and left and then 
assembled backwards. Right by twos was executed sideways, each 
horse sidling to the right, and then by twos on the gallop in double 
circle about the field, halting, forming an arcli of drawn sabres, under 
which the lines passed in reverse. Squads of eight were formed, and, 
after evolutions of much grace and finish, column was formed and 
more of the intricacies of fine evolutionar}- riding exhibited. All 
kinds of paces were exhibited, the horses assuming the different steps 
at the pressure of the knee and rein. Ambling sideways, galloping, 
trotting, loping, and walking were shown in all the degrees ; and the 
unison between man and horse was indeed beautiful to see. The drill 
closed by three love-pats on the horses' necks, and amidst the plaudits 
of the assembly they galloped to quarters for dinner," 

Similar exhibitions were given during the forenoon and afternoon 
of Monday ; and the troop participated in the parade on Tuesday-, 
occupying a position of honor in the line as special guests of the city. 
On AVednesday the command broke camp and started for its post at 
Fort Ethan Allen, Vermont. 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH. 

Rev. IIexrv Hugh French, D.D., Pastor. 

The church at jMalden was gathered, on a date now unknown, a short 
time previous to the action of the General Court which established the 
new town. Its existence, therefore, is coeval with that of Maiden ; 
and the completion of its first quarter-millennium was made the occa- 
sion of a series of interesting commemorative services, the first of 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 55 

which was held on the evening of Saturday, May 20. This was pre- 
ceded by a pleasant social reception, in wliich many of the past as 
well as of the present members of the church participated. After a 
season of introductions and renewal of old acquaintance, the company 
proceeded to the auditorium of the cliurch, where tlie service began 
with a /So)if/ of Welcome, arranged for the occasion by John Langdon 
Sullivan, M.D. 

SONG OF WELCOME. 

Music bji Mrs. H. II. A. Beacu. 

Welcome, tlu'ice welcome to the people of the Lord ! 
Welcome to tlie hearers, who are doers of the word ! 
Let ever}' heart go up to Him in songs of holy cheer, 
Wiiose loving-kindness brought our fathers here. 

Welcome, welcome, welcome to the followers of the meek 
And lowly son of David, the Saviour we adore, 
The bright and morning Star that led Faith's exiles to the bleak 
New England coast, the wild and dreary savage-haunted shore — 
To build an altar in the waste, as Abraham did of yore. 

Welcome, welcome to the scions of the faithful ^aw. 

Who braved an exile's doom, an angry winter sea. 

All savage hate and monarch's ire might do, 

And perished, smiling as they died, to leave tlieir children free. 

Flag of the race to Faith and Freedom true, 
Hallowed stars illumine every clime beneath the sun. 
And bring the i)eace that makes the nations one ! 

IXTRODUCTORY ADDRESS BY THE PASTOR. 

3I;j Friends : — We are reminded here to-night that the old is ever 
new, that the past is always present. God adds no new material to 
the original resources of creation, as the 3'ears and cycles pass. He 
only projects new personalities into the ever-widening sphere of 
human existence, who shall manipulate the old material into ever 
fresher forms by better methods. Thus it comes about that the 
present is, partially at least, the product of the past. No more surely 
does the soil, out of which spring the flowers and the grass and the 
trees, rest upon a rocky foundation laid in ages gone, than the life of 
to-day rests upon the life of yesterda}-. As the course of bi-ick which 
the mason laj's to-day is imposed upon the course he laid yesterday, 
so the structure of our human life is reared little by little, each suc- 
cessive age dependent upon all that has gone before. 



56 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Nothing can be more fitting, tlien, tlian for the present to recognize 
and do homage to the past. He is a dastard who loses reverence for 
his father ; and we are ungrateful if we fail to keep forever green in 
our hearts the memor}' of the sacred dead. We ma}' look back on 
their work, quaint and incomplete and often timid and halting, with 
something of a feeling of pit}'. Indeed, we can hardly repress a smile 
at the steeple-liat, the tithing-master, the ducking-stool, and the 
stocks. But when we get beneath the surface and view their solid 
and lasting achievements ; when we touch the deep current of heroic 
purpose, that moved them to found a nation whose God should be 
Jehovah, our pity changes to awe, and we accord them their rightful 
place in history. 

Through bleak winds, and drifting snows, and savage arrows, and 
starving winters these men pressed their sublime way into immor- 
tality. Their axes rang in the frosty air and the forests were cUiared 
as by magic. Their plows grated in the virgin soil and soon the wil- 
derness began to blossom as the rose. Streams were dammed to sing 
the song of labor ; and rivers were bridged for the feet of the coming 
millions ; and in the shining pathway have sprung up splendid cities 
and opulent states, filled with tlie glories of a great civilization and 
luminous with the signs of the reigning Christ. 

1649 is a focal point in history. Across the sea, the immortal form 
of Gustavus Adolphus, the Snow King, as he was contemptuously 
called b}' Ferdinand of Germany, has just grown cold upon the battle- 
field of LlUzen ; and the Thirty Years War has ended with the 
Peace of Westphalia. Cromwell has seized in his iron grasp the 
reins of power dropping from the dead hands of Charles the First. 
To these two men, the Protector of England and the Snow King from 
the North, it seems to have been given to rescue the Reformation 
itself from the reaction which had set in so strongly toward Catholi- 
cism after the deatli of the Reformers. At any rate, from tliat point 
forward, Protestantism assumed the ascendenc}' in the Christian world. 

And there were other giants in those days. Francis Bacon, the 
profound reasoner, and William Shakespeare, tlie greatest dramatist of 
all time, are but a few years dead, while their works are creeping into 
enduring fame. Milton, Cromwell's secretary of state, and Puritan 
poet; Richelieu, the Cardinal statesman of France ; Descartes, whose 
Cor/ito, ergo sum laid tlie foundation for a new philosophy, — all 
belong to this age. Galileo is but seven years in tlie toml), and his 
sublime discoveries, notwithstanding his weak recantation of them 
before the Inquisition, are revolutionizing the world of science. 

On this side the sea, three little blotches on the map, Plymouth, 
New Amsterdam, Jamestown, tell the meagre story. For, though 
one hundred and fifty years had now passed since Columbus landed at 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 57 

San Salvador, less than two hundred thousand white men were on 
these shores. Harvard College was founded ten years before this, it 
is true, and in the same jear was printed the first publication in the 
New World, — an almanac; but po[)ular education and the power of 
the press were in the most embryonic state. It was a day of begin- 
nings — fitful, hesitating, tentative. The heroism that could accom- 
plish anytliing under such adverse conditions falls not short of the 
sublime. Onlv a faith in God, absolutely unshakable, could have held 
the fathers to their task. 

Of course, such men would have a church ; and in their e3es it 
would be tiie most important of institutions. It is worth our remem- 
brance that, when the}' had nothing for luxur\- and hardly enough for 
the bare necessities of existence, the}- provided so well for the church 
of God. The}' builded better than tliey knew, no doubt ; and yet who 
shall say that to some prophetic minds in that early day there was not 
given the vision of the church of this age, grown from feeble beginnings 
into a majestic organism, destined to fill the whole earth with the 
glory of Christ? 

Other men have labored, and we have entered into their labors. 
That tells the whole story. And we meet on this anniversary 
occasion gladly to acknowledge our debt to them and to pledge our- 
selves anew to the work of transmitting to those who shall come 
after us the priceless heritage of the past. May we become more and 
more worthy of the sacred trust imposed upon us by the ever living 
dead, and by the solemn behest of Him who is '' the same yesterday, 
to-day, and forever." 

ADDRESS BY THE REV. AARON CHESTER ADAMS, D.D. 

Pastor, 1852-1857. 

Among the most pleasant years of a very pleasant ministry, sti-etching 
on from twenty-four years old to eighty-four, I have always reckoned 
my five or six years at Maiden. The very name has come to be as 
music to me, and was to at least one other, till she was called up by 
the tones of a higher and more attractive music to bow with those who 
bow around the throne. 

I almost make myself believe to-night that you who sit before me 
are the same people that I used to meet in the sanctuary, and the 
prayer meeting, and the Sabbath-school, and the home so many years 
ago. In thought and feeling, I am still, many times, in the old 
church edifice, — a new one comparatively it was then ; and I am look- 
ing out from tlie pulpit upon the congregation as it was in my day. 
There is, indeed, a blur over my eyes and I cannot see clearly ; and 
yet the old familiar faces are there. Half a dozen pews from the 



58 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

pulpit and on the middle aisle sits, still, our good Deacon Sargent ; 
and I seem to see him as plainl}' — 3'es, more so ! — as I see 3'ou, listen- 
ing with heart and soul when the gospel is preached, and taking it as 
patiently as he can when the preacher undertakes matters which seem 
to him a little outside of his real calling. When we sing, and he sings 
with us, of Christ and his redeeming love, how his eyes shine, and his 
bosom swells, and his voice rises to a note of triumph ! We feel sure 
that, let who will be silent for a da}- before the throne, his voice is 
always Ijeard. 

Right opposite sits James Eaton, a Baptist in the forenoon, but 
for his good wife's sake and I suspect for his own sake too, a Congre- 
gationalist iu the afternoon. A sort of man who averages not more 
than one to a congregation ; his mercurial temperament and quick 
sympathy', his unconscious smile and nod of assent to ever}' good 
point the preacher makes, and to some tliat are not good, making it 
seem almost as if it were laid upon him to give the responses for the 
whole congregation. 

On the other side again, and a little farther back, sits Philip Sidney 
Page, well named for the chivalrous Philip of two centuries ago, one 
who, giving much and asking little, is eager for the prosperity of the 
church, and not at all eager to have it supposed that the secret of tliat 
prosperit}' is in any special measure due to him. A gentleman in 
business life ! 

Not far awa}' is Albert Norton, — " Brother Norton" as we always 
called him, a man who for nearness to God and a lifelong communion 
with God miglit almost be set down vvitli Moses and Elijah ; a man 
who prayed iu his houseiiold, and prayed in liis closet, and prayed as 
he walked the street, and prayed when the brethren prayed, and when 
the}' were silent, and prayed when the minister preached, and prayed 
when he himself lay down at night and in the night and in the morn- 
ing. What I thus say I know, for I have walked with him and talked 
with him ; and I have lived iu his house and lain down at night with 
only a thin partition-wall between us. I still seem to hear the deep 
tones of his praying voice whenever I think of him. This ownership 
is a rich estate, that is laid up " where neither moth nor rust dotli cor- 
rupt and where thieves do not break through nor steal," for a church 
to have such a man among its names. " Norton," said some one, 
" would get up a prayer meeting in the bottomless pit." 

Other men there were among our brethren who were men of mark, 
varying of course in degree, yet precious of memory. There was San- 
ford B. French, intermediate iu a sort between the " old settlers " and 
the "new comers," a man who made the business of the church his 
business and worked for it at every turn. His business and its central 
location gave him opportunities tliat many others could not have ; and 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 59 

he emigrated years after and built up, along with otliers, another 
Maiden in the West. 

There, too, was Gershom L. Fall, our democrat, for we kept one 
such, who loved the Maiden church as well as an}' of us ; and who 
bore patiently what he did not like, now and then, for the sake of ten 
times as much that lie did like. 

And there was Samuel L. Gerry, the artist, and John H. Shap- 
leigh, and the patient and much-enduring Deacon Fisher. I never 
was in a churcii, before or since, where, when it came to the prayer 
meeting, so many could be depended upon to make the meeting, while 
the pastor sat below and took his turn only with the rest. 

Two of oi'.r brethren were newer men tlian the rest ; and 1 wish to 
speak of them somewhat particularly. Thomas S. Williams, the 
superintendent of the Boston and Maine Railroad, was one. His bur- 
dens were heavy, not only b}' reason of his secular work, but b}' reason 
of his Sunday work as originator and superintendent of the Edgeworth 
Sunday-school. Nine men out of ten would have said, and perhaps 
rightly, that they must have the Sunday for absolute rest. I have 
been sorrj' ever since that I did not, as a part of ni}' duty as his min- 
ister, urge that view ufjon him. Mr. Williams was read}* to give for 
the church as well as to work for it, and that without waiting, as a 
stranger sometimes does, for a long term of naturalization. He was 
ready from tlie beginning. I had preached one Sunday- with reference 
to the church tlebt, and started out bright and earl}' on Monday morn- 
ing to see what could be done about it. Coming upon Mr. Williams in 
the course of the day, he presumably being little acquainted with our 
affairs, I introduced the subject in a half-apologetic way. He re- 
sponded at once : ''1 will not trouble you, Mr. Adams, to go over 
the ground. That debt ought to be paid ; and you will find in that 
little package two hundred and fifty dollars — about what I think I 
can do at present. I thought I would have it ready against you 
came around." It was about a tenth of the whole amount needed ; 
and as in his plan of giving it belonged to the Lord already, it was 
not hard to give. 

I had just come out of church one Sunday when a stranger ap- 
proached me and said : " This is Mr. Adams, I believe. My name is 
Coffin. I have come here to live, and I want to get acquainted with 
the minister." He got acquainted with the minister, and the minister 
with him. The church got acquainted with him, and the schools ; and 
by and by Boston, and Massachusetts, and New England, and the 
soldiei's, and the sailors, and the statesmen, and the men and women 
of many lands got acquainted with him. We bless God to-day at the 
remembrance of our Charles Carleton Coffin, gone now in the ripeness of 
his life, and yet when he was just beginning a life that shall never die. 



60 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

I liave said nothing of many things and many persons connected 
with Maiden daj's and with that very short portion of my own life that 
was spent here, of the kindl}- friends and neighbors, tlie trusted and 
honored physicians, the associates on the school board, the Christian 
ministers, alike those with whom I was closest in faith and those from 
whom at some points I was obliged to widely differ, the Sunday- 
school and its leaders — the little ones for years were gathered in 
what we called the " small vestry," under the care of one whose name 
is named every day in heaven, but not an}- longer on earth. Of these 
we must be silent, and wait. The day is coming when people and 
minister, pupils and teachers, wives and husbands, cliildren and 
parents, so they be in Christ bj' a real trust and love, shall meet to 
part no more. 

God grant that we may thus meet in due time ; and meanwhile 
ma}- God bless the Maiden that was, and the Maiden that is, and the 
Maiden that is to be, through years and generations and ages yet to 
come. 



, LETTER TO THE CHURCH BY THE REV. ADDISOX 

PlNNEO FOSTER, D.I). 

Pastor, 1871-1872. 

Bo.sTOx, May 17, 1899. 
To The First Church of Malden. 

Dear Friends : — I regret extremely that previous engagements 
make it impossible for me to accept the kind invitation you have ex- 
tended me to be present at the observance of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anuiversar}' of jour church. My whole heart is with you on 
this occasion, and it is a disappointment that I cannot be present in 
person . 

It is a remarkable thing when an organization like yours can look 
back on two hundred and fifty 3-ears of effective Christian life. An 
organization like yours, with so long a life, could not fail in all these 
years to develop a marked individuality of its own. It has been 
welded together by these succeeding decades under the influence of 
godly and strongly marked men like your famous Dr. McClure. 

How wonderfully your opportunities have grown with the passage 
of the years ! For a long time the Maiden church did a modest work 
for a small rural population gathered on the narrow strip of land — 
manifestly an ancient sea beach — that lies between the wild, rocky 
hills back of it, and the broad salt-marsh in front of it. But in course 
of time the little communit\- became a thriving village and stretched 
itself up among the gorges of the hills. At last it so grew as to 
climb the hill-tops and become a city. The church grew correspond- 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 61 

iiigly, till now it is one of the largest in the state, and, for that matter, 
in the land. 

My thought goes back to the years I spent with you as your 
pastor. They were years not without anxiety, but, nevertheless, years 
of rich privilege and years in which were many things I recall with 
thankfulness. I came to you while the new church building was in 
process of erection and while worship was conducted in the old town- 
hall. The hall served us well, but we were very thankful when we 
found ourselves at last in the beautiful new churcii. The old hall had 
become unpleasant to me in consequence of a trying experience of 
mine there. I was present in the hall at a week-night public meeting 
of the citizens ; and I was unexpectedly called on to make a speech 
and talk against time, while some committee was preparing a report 
for which the audience was waiting. Fancy the distress of an inex- 
perienced young man, who had no gift at political speech-making. I 
was unspeakably thankful when the committee came in to report ; and 
I have ever}' reason to suppose that the audience shared my feelings. 

I recall with great pleasure the social life of the church in those 
old days. The monthly social gatherings in the church were alwaj's 
well attended and were occasions of great interest. The long tables 
in the vestry were loaded with good New England substantial, not 
forgetting Boston beans; and those who sat down to the tables were 
most neighborly and in the best of spirits. There was a delightful 
habit prevalent of giving little neigliborhood teas. Half a dozen 
families, living near together, would meet from house to house for an 
evening", and have tea on little tables set about the rooms in conven- 
ient corners. Happil}' for the pastor and his wife, they were always 
invited. 

The prayer meetings of the church, as 1 look back upon them, 
were something rich and rare. There was a coterie of earnest men 
in those days, who had great gifts for interesting and helping us all 
b}- their utterances in the prayer meeting. Some of them are with 
you still, among them Mr. Stevens, and Mr. Gay, and Mr. Chadwick ; 
but others have been called to their heavenly home : Mr. Gleason, 
who always had some vivid word to say about his experiences with 
children ; Mr. Crawford, who was sure to illuminate his talks b}' 
stories of the White Mountains ; Mr. Smith, who was always sweet 
and spiritual in his thought ; Mr. Haven, whose prayers were tender 
and earnest; Mr. Swett, who brouglit his practical business life to 
bear on religious themes ; Mr. Carey, whose tall form commanded 
attention as he spoke simply and earnestly ; and, latterly Mr. Coverly, 
whose scholarly thought never failed to impress us. 

My whole heart is thrilled as I think of the dear young people of 
those days. It seemed to me then that there were none like them, 



62 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

so bright, so beautiful and earnest were the}-. There was a precious 
work of grace among them, and man}- came into the church. It was 
before the days of Christian Endeavor societies ; l)ut at the time we 
had no need of tlie organization, for the Spirit of God filled ever}- 
heart and bound all together without formal organization. There 
were among the young people just starting out in those days, the 
Stevenses, the Dexters, the Walkers, the Bradlej-s, the Pages, the 
Gleasons, the Goddards, the Careys, the SA-lvesters, the Holdens, 
and man}- more. How I loved them all ; and I venture to believe 
that on their part they felt kindly toward their pastor. Tlicre is a 
fine French clock in my house to-day which the young people of those 
days gave me to keep me up to time. For that matter, I carry, as 
my inseparable friend and monitor, a watch which bears an inscrip- 
tion declaring it was given me by Maiden friends in September, 
1871. 

My friends, I warmly congratulate you that God has led you and 
your fathers through all these years. He has brought you out into 
a large place. He has given you a name and an influence second to 
none. With the rich experiences of two hundred and fifty years 
behind you, you have acquired a momentum and a strength in re- 
ligious service that make successful work easy to you, and that must 
give your pastor constant delight. 

With the most cordial good wishes, T am, 

Sincerely }ours, 

Addison P. Foster. 

ADDRESS BY THE REV. JOSHUA WYMAX WELLMAX, D.D.i 

Pastor,'! 874-1 883. 

It hardly seems proper for me to intrench upon the time of other 
speakers to-night, as I am to preach the historical sermon to morrow. 
Yet, I am thankful for the opportunity to speak briefly of a few 
things this evening. 

At the outset, let me frankly confess that my recent study of the 
history of this ancient church has convinced me that I made a serious 
mistake in not prosecuting this study at an earlier date. I sav this 
more especially for the benefit of my brethren in the ministry. I can 
see now that it would have been a measureless help to my usefulness 
in various directions, if, at the very beginning of each of tlie three 
pastorates with which I have been intrusted, I liad entered vigorously 
upon the work of making myself familiar with the history, in all its 

1 This address was not written out until several weeks after it was delivered. 
Conseqiienth', while it is substantially, it is not exactly as spoken. 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 63 

departments and details, of the cluircb with which I was to labor in 
the ministr}'. The growth and experiences of a chnrch in our de- 
nomination are quite different from those of a church in an}- other 
denomination. This is emphatically true of an}' one of our ancient 
churches. Moreover, the history of each Congregational church, as 
compared with that of any other of like polity, is more or less unique. 
Every church has had its own peculiar experiences, which have largely 
determined its character. It has had its ov/n struggles and sacrifices, 
its own successes and failures, its own peculiar helps and hindrances, 
inspirations, and discouragements. The leading and most valuable 
members in one church may be quite different, in tiieir formative in- 
fluence upon church character and life, from the leading and most valu- 
able members in another church. The pastorates in one church may 
have produced in the members and in the community a type of reli- 
gious thought and feeling quite different from that produced by the 
pastorates of another church. Each church has its own memories, 
some tender and purifying, others sad and depressing; also its own 
sacred traditions and precedents, of which it is justly proud and 
which still mould its character and determine its action. 

Now if a pastor is profoundly ignorant, and remains thus ignorant, 
of all this unique history, very likely he will move among these sacred 
memories, traditions, and beliefs of the church as a wild boar would 
move through a garden of flowers. Without knowing it, almost in- 
evitably, he will shock his people, disturb their harmony and peace, 
dash their hopes in himself, deprive them of much of tlie communion 
and comfort they previously had in public worship and church work, 
and destroy much if not all of his own personal influence in the com- 
munity. Any pastor who would be successful in his ministry must 
in a certain real and true sense become one with his people. He 
must, at least, be appreciative of their fond memories and traditions, 
of their established precedents and ways, and of their dearest religious 
beliefs and hopes. But how can he do this if he knows nothing of 
the histor}- of his church and people? With my i)resent views, if I 
could begin my ministry again, I would at the very commencement 
of a pastorate, and at any sacrifice of time and labor, make myself 
thoroughly acquainted with the liistory of the church to which I was 
to minister. 

I wish also to call attention to a feu- of the earlier pastors of our 
church. It is to the honor of this First Church that during the first 
century and a half of its history it was ministered to by several men 
who were possessed of great ability and became eminent in their 
profession. The very first minister, Marmaduke Matthews, was a 
graduate of All Souls' College, Oxford University; and there are 
indications of his superior scholarship. He seems to have excelled 



64 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

as a linguist, for be was accustomed to instruct his people respecting 
the deeper meanings of original words and expressions in the Hebrew 
and Greek Testaments. 

The second minister was also a man of commanding abilit}' and 
scholarship. Though born in Yorkshire, England, October 18, 1631, 
he was educated at Harvard College, from which he was graduated in 
1651, his name in the catalogue occupying the place of honor at the 
head of his class. Soon after his graduation he was appointed tutor, 
and became distinguished for his fidelity and success as a teacher. 
He was also promptl}' elected as "a fellow," which made him a mem- 
ber of the college corporation. Some 3'ears later he was considered 
as a candidate for the presidencj* of the college. He was a man of 
literary ability, and became famous as a poet. His chief poetic pro- 
duction was The Day of Doom, so called, — not an attractive title in 
our da}', yet not very unlike the name. Paradise Lost, given to the 
great epic of his distinguished contemporary in England, John 
Milton. Wigglesworth's poem was not equal to that of Milton ; yet 
for several generations it was wonderfully popular in New England. 
His biographer, John Ward Dean, A.M., affirms that the large sale 
of the book, considering the small population of the country at that 
time, " indicates a popularity' almost, if not quite, equal to that of 
Uncle Tom'' s Cabin in our time." In those early days, three books, 
at least, were almost sure to be found in every Puritan home in New 
England, nameh' : the Bible, the Shorter Catechism, and The Day 
of Doon\. It' is a fact of some historical interest to us that while in 
the middle of the seventeentii century the greatest Puritan bard in 
England was John Milton, the greatest Puritan bard in New England 
was Michael Wigglesworth, the second minister of this First Church 
in Maiden. 

It has been quite customary in modern times for a certain class of 
writers and speakers, when wishing to give the public some account 
of Michael Wigglesworth, to quote from Tlie Day of Doom only a 
single stanza, and that the one which describes in very i-ealistic lan- 
guage the sufferings of the lost, thus making upon uninformed minds 
the impression that Mr. Wigglesworth not onl}' held most revolting 
beliefs, but also was himself possessed of a most offensive character. 
The untruthfulness and unfairness of this representation are indicated 
by the fact that the distinguished scholar and writer. Rev. Anch'ew P. 
Peabod}', D.D., although himself a Unitarian and an opponent of 
many of Mr. Wigglesworth's religious beliefs, was yet honest and 
honorable enough to make careful examination of the life and char- 
acter of Mr. Wigglesworth, and then to affirm that he " was a man of 
the beatitudes, a physician to the bodies no less than to the souls of 
his parishioners, genial and devotedly kind in the relations and duties 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 65 

of his social and professional life, and distinguished — even in those 
days of abounding sanctity — for the singleness and purity of heart 
that characterized his whole walk and conversation." 

In view of such biographical facts and testimonies as these, this 
church may well be proud to have had among its early ministers the 
distinguished Michael Wigglesworth. 

Passing b}' Mr. Wigglesworth's three colleagues and his imme- 
diate successor, Rev. David Parsons, we come to the Rev. Joseph 
Emerson, the seventh minister of this church. He was a notable 
man, and has some notable descendants. His pastorate began Octo- 
ber 31, 1721, and continued to his death, — forty-five years. He was 
born April 20, 1700, in Chelmsford, Mass., son of P^dward and 
Rebecca (Waldo) Emerson of Newbury. He was a precocious child ; 
entered Harvard College at the age of thirteen ; graduated at the age 
of seventeen ; began to preach at the age of eighteen ; and at the age 
of twenty-one he was ordained pastor of the Church of Christ in 
Maiden. He married, December 27, 1721, Miss Mary Moody, 
daughter of Mr. Samuel Moody, the famous and eccentric minister of 
York, Me. The^' had thirteen cliildren, nine sons and four daughters. 
Their second son, William, entered the ministr\- and settled at Con- 
cord, Mass., and his son, the Rev. William Emerson, Jr., was the 
father of Ralph Waldo ICmerson, the celebrated philosopher and poet 
of Concord, who obviously was the great-grandson of the Rev. 
Joseph Emerson of Maiden. 

Joseph Emerson was an able, learned, and godl}- man. He be- 
longed to the best type of earl}- New England ministers. A studious 
scholar, he read his Latin and Greek classics to the last days of his 
life. A stanch Puritan in faith and character, he was an earnest 
and impressive preacher, never hesitated to rebuke sin when tliere 
was an occasion to rebuke it, yet was trul}- affectionate towards all 
his people, and full of tenderness and sympathy for any who were in 
trouble. He had the pastoral instinct and great executive abilit\'. 
During his ministry, a fierce conflict was waged in the parish upon 
the question of locating a new meeting-house. The parish, as well as 
the town, then included the present territories of Everett and Mel- 
rose. The people of South Maiden wished the new meeting-house to 
be erected on the old site near Bell Rock. The people of North 
Maiden and those of Maiden Centre wished the new house to be 
erected in the village, on the site of the present Universalist Church. 
The conflict was long and bittei-. The judicial courts and even the 
General Court were called upon to interpose. Yet through all the 
heat and strife of parties, the pastor, the Rev. Joseph Emerson, 
carried a level head and an even hand, often rebuking on either side 
wrong speech and action, and uttering only words that made for 

5 



66 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

peace. Although another meeting-house was eventually erected in 
South Maiden, the minister appears to have accomplished the won- 
derful feat of passing through the entire conflict without losing the 
confidence or respect of either party. His moral and religious devel- 
opment from his infanc3', it would seem, was productive of unusual 
fullness and S3'mmetry of character. Such development ma}- have 
been caused by his heart}' acceptance of the whole Bible (and not 
simpl}- some fragments of it) as the ^Yord of God. It takes the 
whole Bible to malie a whole man. Such a man, God, in his ap- 
pointed wa}' through His spirit and holy word, prepared and gave to 
this church to guide it through one of the most perilous passages in 
all its history. And this church, on this anniversary day, may well 
thank God for the gift of such a minister at such a critical time. 

Mr. Emerson was succeeded by another gifted minister, the Rev. 
Peter Thacher, who, at the age of onl}' eighteen years, was ordained, 
September 19, 1770, the eighth pastor of this First Church. He was 
born in Milton, Mass., March 21, 1752, and was the son of Oxen- 
bridge Thacher, an eminent lawyer. Graduating at Harvard in 1769, 
at the age of seventeen, he was soon ready for his life-work in the 
Christian ministry. He was young, but was possessed in a remark- 
able degree of the gift of eloquence. George Whitefield is said to 
have called him " tiie young Elijah," and to have esteemed him " the 
ablest preacher in America." Hon. Harrison Gray Otis affirms that 
Mr. Thacher, after his settlement in Maiden, " soon came to be re- 
garded as a model of the pulpit orator." It was while he was pastor 
of this church that Mr. Thacher wrote those immortal Instructions, 
burning with the fire of patriotic sentiment, which the town of Maiden 
gave to her representatives as slie sent them to the General Court 
and to the Continental Congress. The effect of those words was 
electrical. They thrilled tlie country like a war-cry. Those words of 
a Maiden minister were the morning guns of the Revolution. Mr. 
Thacher continued in his Maiden pastorate fourteen 3ears, or until 
1784, when he accepted a call to the Brattle Street Church in Boston. 

Such were some of the earlier ministers of the First Church of 
Christ in Maiden. Rev. Michael Wigglesworth, the famous Puritan 
poet of New P^ngland ; Rev. Joseph P^merson, the classical scholar 
and model pastor; and the Rev. Peter Thacher, D.D., the great 
preacher, — these are names of historic men, who were eminent in 
their day, and whose fame will go down the ages. Two of them were 
never pastors of any other chui-ch than this, and their graves are with 
us to this day. 

In later ^-ears, likewise, this church has been blessed with the 
services of some able and distinguished ministers, of whom I might 
properly speak if there were time. Nor should the deacons of this 



R E CEP TlOX A r THE FIR S T CII UR CH 6 7 

churcli be forgotten. Tliere has been a large number of tlieni along 
these two hiuidrecl and fifty ^-ears. The}- deserve to be honored. 
The office of deacon in tlie Church of Christ is as trul\- of divine ap- 
pointment and authority as is the office of pastor and teacher. Had 
biographical sketches of all the deacons of former years in this ancient 
church been preserved, the}' would furnish information which would 
now be of abounding interest. 

Of the later ministers, I must mention one, the Rev. Alexander 
Wilson McClure, D.D. He liad two pastorates here, one of ten 
years, beginning in 1832, and another of four j'ears, ending in 1852. 
His first pastorate covered the latter part of a very critical i)eriod in 
the history of this cluircli. The church had been de})rived of its 
meeting-house and of all its material treasures. Its very existence 
had been threatened. IMr. McClure wlien called to Maiden was 
young, yet lie was wise and brave. He was a brilliant writer and 
preacher. Thoroughly evangelical in faith, he was a man of i-eady 
and forceful speech. Few o[)ponents were willing to meet liiin a 
second time in public debate. He proved to be the man for the place 
and time, and soon brought the church into the jo}- of renewed faith 
and hope. He had little patience with wrong-doers. Even his best 
friends thought that sometimes he used too severe language in rebuk- 
ing sin. Deacon Thomas Sargent, the senior deacon at the time I 
began my pastorate here, who is still remembered in our church with 
great respect and afl^ection, once told me a good stor}' illustrative of 
Dr. McClure's genius and wit. 

One Sabbath the Doctor, in his sermon, in rebuking some wrono-- 
doing used his sharp tongue rather too freely, as some of his hearers 
thought. Good Deacon Sargent himself was troubled. He feared 
such severity of language would drive some people away from the 
church. Finally he concluded he must s[)eak to his pastor and 
entreat him to lessen somewhat the sharpness of his rebukes. It so 
happened that Dr. McClure soon called ui)on his deacon, and the 
latter improved his opportunity faithfully. He repeated some of the 
hard language which his minister had used the preceding Sabbath, and 
gentl}- requested him to be more moderate in his words. Di-. McClure 
received the admonition in the spirit in which it was given. Indeed, 
he confessed that, peiliaps, he had been too hard u[)on the sinners in 
Maiden. He said he would think the matter over, and tiy to do 
better. In fact, he seemed so subdued and penitent that the deacon 
was almost sorry he had mentioned the matter to hiui. 

The next Sabbath Dr. McClure went into the pul[)it and for the 
first hymn to be sung, gave out, from VYatts's Psalms and Hi/nnis^ 
the thirty-ninth Psalm, common metre, first part. The subject of the 
hymn was the use of the tongue. There were foiu- stanzas in it, the 



68 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

first three of wliicli were confessional and ver}- penitential, while the 
fourth stanza was of a decidedly different character. The first three 
verses Dr. McClure read slowl}' with bended form and bowed head, 
in low, distressed, penitential tones, as if he were about to break into 
tears. Good Deacon Sargent, as he listened, was sorry enough that 
he had said a word to his pastor about his severe language. Those 
three stanzas were as follows : — 

" Thus I resolved before the Lord, 
' Now will I watch mj tongue, 
Lest I let slip one sinful word, 
Or do my neighbor wrong.' 

" If I am e'er constrained to stay 
With men of Hves profane, 
I '11 set a double guard that day. 
Nor let my talk be vain. 

" I '11 scarce allow my lips to spenk 
The pious thoughts I feel, 
Lest scoffers should th' occasion take 
To mock my holy zeal." 

Then the minister, straightening up his bended form, and flinging 
his bowed head aloft, with flashing eye, and in thunderous, threatening 
tones, read the fourth stanza, which was as follows : — 

'* Yet, if some proper hour appear, 
I '11 not be over-awed ; 
But let the scoffing sinners hear 
That I can speak for God." 

Deacon Sargent added that when the dramatic reading of the 
whole hymn was concluded, he had grave doubts whether his pastor 
was so very penitent after all. 

ADDRESS BY THE REV. CHARLES IL POPE, 
Pastor of the First Parish Church, Charlestown, 

[The Mother Church.] 

It is a great privilege to present the congratulations of the old First 
Parish Church of Charlestown to so matronly a daughter. Let me 
ask you to go back with me to the time when the Maiden church 
arose. Recall the very men who were then on this ground. See, 
first, the Rev. Francis Bright, the first person definitely engaged to 
do ministerial service in New P^ngland, who was called from his parish 
at Rayleigh, in Essex, February 2, 1628-9, by The Massachusetts Bay 



RECEPTION AT THE FIRST CHURCH 69 

Companj' in England, to go to their plantation and preach to the 
company's servants. He was a passenger in the " Lyon's Whelp," 
arriving at Salem May 11, 1629, and came soon to this region, we 
may believe. Here, doubtless, the Spragne brothers lieard his 
sermons to the workmen who were laying out Charlestown's first 
streets and ei'ecting the '■' Great House," which was to be the execu- 
tive mansion of the coming governor. Mr. Bright steps back into 
obscurity ; and we see the Rev. John Wilson, another of the men 
selected in England for pastoral work here, wlio came in tlie fleet 
with Winthrop, Dudley, and Johnson, began to preach July 10, and 
joined with those three leaders, July 30, 1630, in the covenant of the 
First Church. Under the famous oak-tree he preached man}' a good 
sermon, says Roger Clap. Within rifle-shot of that tree, on all sides 
of what we now call City Square, were the members of that church 
domiciled, some resting in tents, to be sure ; and our First Parish 
Church, which greets you to-night, was a fact of history. To be sure, 
the thirst of some of the officials and people led them over the ba}' ; 
and the Rev. John Blackstone's invitation to ampler supplies of drink 
induced the majorit}- to move to the hills and dales of Shawmut ; by 
which means the First Church of Charlestown took the name of the 
First Church of Boston. But those who still resided on the north 
bank of the Charles were a valuable portion of the congregation, and 
steadfastly attended services and bore their part in building and sup- 
porting, till, after two hard winters of ferrying across ice-covered 
waters, the}' said, " Hold." 

Then came the dismission of a good party, and a reorganization 
on the old spot, November 2, 1632. A third minister now appears, 
the Rev. Thomas James, who did faithful service three years ; but he 
was displaced by his colleague, the Rev. Zechariah Symmes, after 
some months of melanchol}' and jealous experience, and some vain 
efforts of neighboring "elders" at the adjustment of personal differ- 
ences. But the good man knew enough to sacrifice himself to the 
good of the church ; and he went back to an English parish, dying at 
Needham Market, in 1683. And then our fathers' God sent over a 
choice spirit to take the place left vacant in Charlestown ; one of the 
sons of an honest butcher of old Southwark, well-educated, refined, 
devoted, came with his bride to live by the Charles and Mystic. John 
Harvard, a minister of high abilities, but already under the grasp of 
consumption, it would seem, preached a few months, as his strength 
would allow, and then entered into rest. Among his cares was the 
duty of aiding in the deliberations over the embryonic " colledge ; " 
for the General Court had voted that the teaching elders of the six 
nearest churches should be the overseers of that institution. Without 
doubt it was this circumstance which led him to devote a moietv of 



70 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

his estate to the college, anticipating the wide importance of the work 
of educating the youth of the land. He died less than thirty-one 
^ears of age ; hut his counsels for a \ear and his gift in perpetuo 
mark his life as one of the most useful careers of all the pioneers of 
Massachusetts. 

Before a year had gone, his widovv and his parish had become the 
portion of the Rev. Thomas Allen, who came to assist Mr. Symmes. 
It was during their joint pastorate that the dwellers at Mystic Side 
asked to be allowed to withdraw from the congregation at Charlestown, 
as they had now developed into a distinct settlement. The same 
motives which led to the reorganization at Charlestown, in 1632, were 
impelling them to this step. They were desirous to worship in a way 
that would be convenient for their families. One of the men, Lieut. 
Ralpli Sprague, for example, had been a member of all three of the 
bands of worshippers. He had been a parishioner of Mr. Bright and 
of Mr. Wilson in 1629 and 1630 ; he had then gone faithfully over to 
Boston, carrying at least one of his babes thither for the sweet rite of 
christening. He had written his name with the baud who covenanted 
the second time at Charlestown, and had carried other little ones the 
long miles that lay between his Mystic Side home and the shore near 
the old oak. Now it was time that Mrs. Sprague and the coming 
Spragues should be considered. But not only did personal motives 
like this enter into the affair. The cause of Cluist could be advanced 
better by extending the bounds of Zion. New churches are a part of 
the life of the great Holy Catholic Church. 

Wluit is the forming of a new church hut the growth of a bud on 
a branch of a vine? The Lord Jesus, as He has said, is The Vine ; 
those that love and trust Him are the branches. Three kinds of buds 
spring from living branches : those which are to expand into leaves, — 
the graces and pleasures of religion ; those which will develop into 
fruit, — the practical benefits which Christianity confers upon the 
world ; and those that are to extend as branches, along which the 
life of the Vine ma}' pass to other lives, till the world is filled with 
salvation. 

Now a vine ma}' lean upon a trellis sometimes. Governments, 
organizations, human constructions have often seemed to be of value 
to tiie church. But when they have assumed to direct, to control, to 
dictate the course of the church, all has gone awry. The trellis must 
not rule the vine. When the Winthrop government, here in Massa- 
chusetts, undertook to sway the churches, to stop some organizations, 
punish members for disobedience to church rules, and hold M3stio 
Side Christians back till the boundaries of the towns should be settled 
before worship could take its natural course, all was wrong. But the 
life within impelled to the advance step. 



JUBILEE ENTERTAINMENT 71 

In Christ, for Christ, and to the glory of the Adorable Lord, 3'our 
founders coventinted together; and the "mother church" was all 
cheerful in helping forward the movement, no doubt. The centuries 
have approved the wisdom, the divine leading, which was in the move- 
ment. May centuries to come witness the continued growth, fruitage, 
and new branching of this Maiden church, which has borne so much 
fruit and given birth to so many branches in the two hundred and 
fifty years of her life. 

Other addresses were made b}- the Rev. D. Augustine Xewton, of 
the First Congregational Church of Winchester, who spoke in behalf 
of the Woburn Conference, and hy the Rev. James F. Albion, of the 
First Parish (Universalist). At the conclusion of the addresses in 
the church, the audience repaired to the vestry, where refreshments 
were served and a second season of social intercourse was enjoyed. 
The reception committee, of which Deacon Joseph W. Chadwick was 
chairman, comprised forty-two ladies and gentlemen. Deacon Clarence 
O. Walker was chairman of the refreshment committee. 



JUBILEE ENTERTAINMENT. 

The events of Saturday were brought to a close b}' the largest and 
best minstrel show that has ever been given in Maiden, which, though 
not a part of the official celebration, attracted an audience that filled 
the Anniversar}- Building to its utmost capacity. This was presented 
under the auspices of the Maiden Club and the Keruwood Club, b\' a 
committee of which Fred. C. Sanborn of the former club was chair- 
man, and a company of one hundred and twenty-seven performers of 
Maiden and vicinity, under the management of William O. Lovell, a 
favorite and successful amateur manager of many local entertainments, 
with Milan F. Bennett as musical director. The end-men were D. W. 
Deshou, R. A. Perkins, H. M. Flanders, F. A. Swain, and F. G. 
Barnard, as Bones, and William Knollin, R. B. Wiggin, John A. 
Robertson, W. A. Hastings, and H. L. Aldridge, as Tambos. Frank 
R. Sircom, Howard E. Whiting, and E. Thatcher Clark were soloists ; 
and Ephraim L. Hadawa\', favorably known as the author of several 
popular societ}' entertainments, was the interlocutor and furnished 
the ode, which was sung to the tune of Fair Harvard as the first 
number of the program. Tiien followed an olio of coon songs, 
sketches, and local jests of side-splitting quality, in rapid suc- 
cession. The jokes were original and keen, and almost every promi- 
nent politician received some witty attention. The entertainment 



72 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

closed with a prize cake walk, in which Otis C. Putnam was the 
roaster of ceremonies, and L. B. Fletcher and J. H. CuUen won the 
cake. The program was as follows : — 

PART I. 

Ode — (Company). E. L. Hadaway. — Air, Fair Harvard. 

To Maiden we offer our trilmte to-night, 

As we picture with pleasure and pride 
The events changing cycles of time in their flight 

Have beheld in our fair Mystic Side. 
All hail to the many illustrious ones. 

Who with credit her name have sustained — 
To the honors achieved by her daughters and sous, 

Who renown and distinction have gained ! 

()\"ERTCRE. The Fortune Teller (Bennett's Okchestka) Herbert. 

1 Opening Chorus (Company). Arranged hi/ Mr. Milan F. Bennett. 

2 " My Ann Eliza" ( Mr. Robert A. Perkins). WilUams. 
;i " Gipsy John " (Mr. Frank R. Sircom). Clan. 

4 " Ridins on the Golden Bike " (Mr. William Knollin). Reed. 

5 "I wonder what is dat Coon's game" (Mr. Daniel W. Deshon). Cole 

&)■ Johnson. 

6 " Soldiers in the Park " (Mr. Howard E. Whiting). Moncklon. 

7 " When you ain't got no money you needn't come around" (Mr. Russell 

B. Wiggin). Sloane. 

8 Finale (Solo by Mr. E. Thatcher Clark). Arranged by Mr. Milan 

F. Bennett. 

PART IT. 

9 Commemoration March (Orchestra). Composed for /his occasion by 

0. S. Tonks. 

10 Irish Musical Sketch (Mr. W. B. C. Fox and Mr. E. Stanley 

Nichols). 

11 Jubilee Mandolin, Guitar, and Ban.io Club. 

12 A Queen and a Jack. 

Queen Maybe of R. K. D., W. C. Mason. 
Sir Anitas, her Prime Minister, F. W. Bailey. 

13 Grand Prize Cake Walk, Arranged by Mr. John J. Coleman. 

Mr. L. B. Fletcher. Mr. J. T. McDonald. 

Mr. J. H. CuLLEN. Mr. W. B. C. Fox. 

Mr. W. I. SwASEY. Mr. L. A. Pickering. 

Mr. F. F. Snow. Mr. C. B. Waterman. 

Master of Ceremonies, Mr. Otis Chandler Putnam. 
Bearer of Cake, Master Leon Matthews. 



P E G R A M. 

SUNDAY, MAY 21, 1899. 

10.30 A.M. Commemorative Services at the several 
Churches. 

3.00 P.M. Exercises by the Free Catholic Schools. 

In Anniversary Building. 

7.30 P.M. United Religious Service, 

In Anniversary Building. 

ADDRESS BY THE RIGHT REV. WILLIAM LAWRENCE. 
SINGING BY THE ANNIVERSARY CHORUS. 



OBSERVANCES OF SUNDAY 



THE FIRST CHURCH. 
Rev. Henry Hugh French, D.D., Pastor. 

THE celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversar}- of 
the gathering of the First Chnrcli, which was begun by the 
reception and exercises of Saturda}' evening, was continued on Sun- 
day-. The clouds and rain of the morning had no effect upon the 
attendance, and the church was filled with an interested and S3m- 
pathetic congregation. Man}- past members of the church, who had 
been drawn to their old home, were present and added to the interest 
of the occasion. 

The musical exercises preceding the Scripture lesson were as 
follows : — 

Voluntary. Selected. 

Chorus. — Sing, O Daughter of Zion. Page. 
Chorus. — I will lift mine eyes unto the hills. Baldwin. 
QuARTKT. — Earth and Heaven. Mercadante. 

After the oflfertor}' and preceding the sermon, the following orig- 
inal hj'mn was sung In' the choir : — 

ANNIVERSARY HYMN. BY JOHN LANGDON SULLIVAN, M.D. 

Tune, Duke Street. 
What firmer faith, since Abraham's day. 
What holier trust have mortals shown, 
Than when our fathers clove their way 
Through wintry seas to shores unknown? 

Behold, to worship unrestrained 
B}' monarch's code or bigot's ban — 
The birthright their devotion gained 
Is made the heritage of man. 



76 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Behold, in Freedom's garnered sheaf 

Of States — our Nation's priceless dower — 

The seed the exiles brought in grief 

And sowed in weakness — raised in power. 

Lord, keep us in the love and fear 
Of Thee that in their hearts abode, 
And make us worthier year bj' 3ear 
Of all Th}' grace through them bestowed. 

The sermon preached upon this occasion was delivered by the 
Rev. Dr. Wellman, a former pastor and a present member of the 
church, in accordance with the action of a committee of the church 
in June, 1898, upon which action the following invitation was 
extended. The sermon itself was replete with histoiical statements 
and deductions, that were heard with marked interest by tlie large 
congregation. 

Malpen, June 15, 1898. 

Rei\ J. W. Wellmnn, D.D. — At a meeting held yesterday by the committee 
appointed by the First Church to arrange for the celebration of the two hun- 
dred and fiftieth anniversary of the church next year, it was voted unani- 
mously that you be invited to deliver an historical address or discourse on 
Sunday the first day of the week of the celebration, to be held probably in the 
late spring or early summer of next year. 

Very truly yours, 

Arthur T. Tukts, Secretary. 

HISTORICAL SERMON. BY THE REV. JOSHUA WYMAN 

WELLMAN, D.D. 

Pastor, 1874-1883. 

Deut. xxxii. 7. Remember the days of old, consider the years of many gener- 
ations : ask thy father, and he will shew thee ; thy elder.s, and they will tell thee. 

This Scriptural mandate comes to us in one of the great songs of 
Moses. We are told in the Kevelation of John the Divine that in the 
upper Sanctuary " they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, 
and the song of the Lamb," which seems to indicate that even in 
heaven they rehearse in rapturous song the marvellous historic tri- 
umphs of redeeming grace, which have been achieved on earth under 
both the old and the new covenants. 

We celebrate to-da}' the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
the founding of our church : The First Church of C/irist in 3Ialden. 
To review in a single discourse this long period, covering one quarter 
of a millennium of church history, is of course impossible. 



I 



THE FIRST CHURCH 11 

I propose, therefore, to speak to you simpl}- of the early JRnritans 
in Midden, of the beginnings of the church which they founded, and 
of its first minister. 

No one can apprehend truly and fairly the unique history of one 
of the early New England churches without first attaining a clear 
and just understanding of the peculiar people who constituted that 
church. 

On some appointed day in the charming month of Ma}', 1649 
(the exact date is not known), just as the trees had broken into full 
leaf, and the wild flowers had opened bright and cheer}- through all 
the fragrant woods, a small company of Christian people assembled 
in their little meeting-house, located a few feet southwest of our 
historic Bell Rock. The purpose of their meeting was to organize, 
for the highest and eternal good of themselves, of their children, of 
all the people in the town, and for the glory of God, a church of the 
Lord Jesus Christ. They were grave and thoughtful people ; yet on 
that da}', as the}' came from their several homes along the narrow 
paths through the fields and the woods, some walking, others riding 
horseback, now and then a man and his wife upon the same horse, 
they did not wear sad faces. They were all astir and beaming witli 
thoughts of their new town soon to be founded, of their new place of 
worship, and of the new church they were to create before the sun 
went down. They had previously worshi[)ped with the church in 
Charlestown, of which most of them had been members. But the 
path over the hill to the Mystic River, and then on beyond the river 
to the meeting-house in Charlestown, seemed long to them. Besides, 
they were tired of making that "troublesome" and often dangerous 
passage, in their little row-boats, over "the broad-spreading river." 
They were now happy in the prospect of living in their new town and 
near their own church. They were all plainly but neatly dressed 
in garments of home-made cloth, cut after the Phiglish patterns of 
the time. But it was not of their outward appearance that they 
were thinking that day ; rather were they dwelling profoundly and 
prayerfully upon their preparation of heart and mind to take upon 
themselves, again before God, vows of holy brotherhood and of 
personal consecration to Christ and to the service of His gospel and 
kingdom. 

No record of the religious services which accompanied the organ' 
ization of their church has been preserved. But undoubtedly there 
was much earnest praying and thanksgiving, with repeated and rap- 
turous singing of psalms, "lined off" by a grave elder, and a long 
and most instructive discourse, — all this preliminary to their solemn 
act of entering into church covenant. A similar service preliminary 
to the formation of the church at Woburn, seven years before, occu- 



78 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

pied " four or five hours." Perhaps equally long were the prepara- 
tor}' services here in Maiden. Then probably here as in Woburn, 
those persons who were to be embodied in a church state, " stood 
forth and made declaration, one b}' one, of their religious faith and 
Christian experience, confessing what the Lord liad done for their 
poor souls by the work of His Spirit in the preacliing of His Word 
and Providences." After this, in solemn form, the}- gave public 
assent to a church covenant, which had been previously prepared ; 
and so they were constituted " The Church, of Christ in Maiden" 
which under God's protecting and gracious providence has continued 
to this day. 

Unfortunatel}-, the records of this churcii from the date of its 
organization down to 1770 — a period of one hundred and twenty-one 
3'ears — were long ago lost. Consequently, the names and number 
of its original members have not come down to us in the usual autlior- 
itative form of church record. Yet, only two and a half years after 
May, 1649, thiily-six Christian women, most if not all of whom 
were doubtless members of the church in INIalden, signed their names 
to a petition addressed to the General Court in behalf of their minis- 
ter ; and their names we have on record. In other ancient docu- 
ments we find the names of some, but possibly not all, of the early 
male members. 

This church was the forty-third ciuirch established on the territory 
now included in the commonwealth of Massachusetts. Two of those 
fortN'-three churclies, however, previous to 1649, removed to Connec- 
ticut. Since that date nineteen more of those churches have dropped 
from the list, having either deceased or abandoned evangelical faith 
and united with some other denomination ; so that to-da}' there are 
in this commonwealth onl}- twentj-one churches of our order older 
than the First Church in Maiden. This church is twenty years older 
than the Old South Church in Boston, and one hundred and sixty 
years older than the Park Street Church in Boston. It is older than 
an}'^ church of our order in the present enlarged Boston, save that 
church in Charlestown which is the mother of this church. That 
mother church was really the Second Church in Charlestown, thougli 
now often called the First Church. The really JF'irst Church in 
Charlestown was organized by Governor VVinthrop and a few of his 
people on July 30, 1630 ; but it soon abandoned its place of worship, 
and erected a meeting-house in Boston, to wliicli town a majorit}' of 
its members had removed, and so became the First Chui'ch in Boston. 
Long afterward it became and still is a Unitarian church. But on 
Nov. 2, 1632, another church was organized in Charlestown, and it 
was this church that sixteen and a half j'ears later dismissed a num- 
ber of its members to constitute the church in Maiden. This vener- 



THE FIRST CHURCH 79 

able mother of our church is still living, at the goodly age of two 
hundred and sixtj'-six years, and is still true to the faitli it was 
founded to maintain and proclaim. 

This First Church in Maiden was the only church in this town for 
eighty-five A'ears. The tei'ritorial parish connected with it was large, 
comprising not only the present area of Maiden, but also the terri- 
tories now included in the cities of Everett and Melrose. On April 
17, 1734, a second church was organized in Maiden, but in that part 
of the town then called South Maiden, now Everett. It had a feeble 
and precarious existence for about fift\--eight years, and then was 
reabsorbed into the First Church. 

Our church was the only church at Maiden Centre for more than a 
century and a half. It lived and wrought here alone as a church 
through all the long colonial history of New England, save the very 
earliest 3'ears of that period ; through all the bloody Indian wars ; 
through the long French wars ; through the great war of the Revolu- 
tion ; and through all the historic events and scenes connected with 
the birth of our nation. It was the one solitary church here at Mai- 
den Centre when American patriots gained for themselves imperish- 
able fame at Lexington and Concord, when men of Maiden, some of 
them doubtless members of this church, pursued the retreating British 
soldiers to Cliarlestown, and evidently not to the comfort of the " Red 
Coats;" for, as Mr. Corey tells us, Maiden men "made several 
prisoners and took their stores and arms." This First Church was 
the only church hei'e when the people of all this region were listening 
anxiously to that terrible cannonade at the historic Battle of Bunker 
Hill ; the only church here to sing liymns of joy and give thanks to 
Almighty God, when the Continental Congress, on the fourth of 
July, 1776, sent forth to the country and the world the immortal 
Declaration of Independence^ and tlie only church here through the first 
twent3'-seven j-ears of the history of the United States of America. 

It helps us to appreciate the long life of our church to consider 
that it was an ancient church, one hundred and fifty-four years old, 
when the First Baptist Church in Maiden was founded in 1803, and 
it was one hundred and seventy-two years old when the First Metho- 
dist Church in Maiden was founded in 1821. Our church has now 
lived side by side with the First Baptist Church of this town, in 
unbroken harmony, for ninety-six years; but it liad previously lived 
here alone for one hundred and fifty-four years. Our church has now 
lived here side by side with the First Methodist Church, in unbroken 
harmony, for seventy-eight years ; but it had {)reviously lived here 
without that church for one hundred and seventy-two years. 

The founders of this church may have built better than thej- knew ; 
but we know now that thev were led of God to build for the ases. 



80 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

This brings us to tlie question : what kind of people were those 
first cburcli-founders in Maiden? They were Puritans. The}' were 
Protestant Reformers. They were in, and a part of, that tremendous 
historic movement called The Protestant Reformation, — a great 
religious and moral revolution, which shook JCuropean thrones to 
their foundations, made even the Roman oligarchy tremble for its 
life, blocked the wa}' of some of the most remorseless persecutions 
ever known in the world's history, and at length stripped royal and 
ecclesiastical despots in England, and in some other parts of P^irope, 
of their almost unlimited power to imprison, hang, and burn the 
Lord's people. We sometimes forget how near to the times of bloody 
persecutions in E^ngland the fathers of New England lived. The 
Church of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, for instance, was a part of that 
chui'ch organized at Scrooby, England, in 1606 ; and some of those 
Plymouth Pilgrims were among the original members of that terribly' 
persecuted Scrooby Church. Of course, all the members of a cliurch 
organized in 1606 were born in the preceding centur}', and some of 
them may have lived, and the parents of some of them certainly did 
live, under the reign of " Bloody Mar}," — a reign which was too 
terrible to be long, and lasted onl}' five years, from 1553 to 1558. 

In tlie same way the roots of our own church run back into 
English soil wet with the blood of martyrs. Some of the older men 
and women who took part in organizing our church in that little 
meeting-house close by Bell Rock, in May, 1649, ma}' have been born 
before the year 1600; and the parents of some of them almost cer- 
tainly had reached maturit}' before that year. But only seven 3'ears 
before 1600, or in 1593, Henry Barrows, and John Greenwood, and 
John Penry, scholarly and godly ministers of Christ, all of them edu- 
cated at Cambridge University, were put to death by hanging at Lon- 
don, England, and this by order of the Royal High Commission and 
the Archbishop of tlie Anglican Episcopal Church, — two of the 
niart3'rs having previously suffered a most cruel and revolting impris- 
onment for nearly six years. What for? Because by a devout 
study of the New Testament they had become convinced that the 
churches organized under the instruction of Christ and tlie Apostles 
were '■'• Independent,'^ or, as we should say. Congregational (i\\nvc\\Qs, 
each one of them having the God-given right to elect all of its 
own officers, and to choose its own form and order of worship. 
Because these God-fearing and sweet-spirited ministers had met with 
a few people of like faith in private houses and in the woods, some- 
times at midnight, and had prayed with them and explained God's 
Word to them, and had observed the Lord's Supper with them — 
because they had thus interpreted the teachings of the New Testa- 
ment, and had thus worshipped God with His people, and had pub- 



THE FIRST CHURCH 81 

lished their views in a few little tracts and books, they were, by order 
of the Episcoi)al Archbishop and the High Commission, put to death 
by hanging. 

Now, all intelligent people living in England at that time must 
have had full knowledge of those awful martyrdoms and of similar 
preceding ones. Those cruel and revolting executions of good men 
were all public. Some of the older original members of our own 
church must have been profoundly moved b}- what they had In ard of 
those murderous persecutions from their parents and others, even if 
they themselves had not witnessed some of them. 

When John Greenwood was in prison he wrote a small book, 
advocating the views of the local church which he had found taught in 
the New Testament. His manuscript was somehow taken by friendly 
hands out of the country, printed, and the books were brought back 
into England for distribution. At the same time there was in Mal- 
don, p]ngland, a minister named George Gifford. He was a Puritan 
and a nonconformist; but he was strongly opposed to any separation 
from the established church, and to the setting up of independent 
churches. So he published a treatise in violent opposition to Mr. 
Greenwood's book ; and the latter, from his prison, answered him in 
another printed book. This was a public and famous debate. The 
people of Maldon, England, must have known all about it; for Rev. 
George Gifford lived and preached there. Now it happens that 
Joseph Hills, who was, perhaps, the leading man in this town and 
this church at the time the}' were founded, came hither from that 
same Maldon in England. And it is incredible that an intelligent 
man born in 1603 (though in another place) could have lived in his 
mature years, as he did, in that English town of Maldon, and not 
have heard of that most unique and famous debate. The books on 
both sides were printed and circulated ; and he must have read them 
over and over and pondered upon tliem long and deeply. Moreover, 
if he knew of that public debate, he must have been familiar with all 
the shocking details of the horrible prison life, and of the savage 
martyrdom of those brave and good men, Barrows, Greenwood, and 
Penry. And all this must have deepened his Pui'itanism, and pre- 
pared him to go to any i)lace on this broad earth, in spite of all perils 
and sacrifices by sea or land, if onl\- somewhere he could do his 
humble part in founding " a state witliout a king and a church with- 
out a bishop." With Joseph Hills came also, from that same Maldon 
in England, John Wayte, another leading man in the earl}^ historj' of 
this town and church ; and with them came Thomas Ruck. These 
three men, at least, must have brought with them to our Maiden the 
profoundest convictions of the inestimable worth of civil and religious 
libert}'. All this testifies to the meaning and truth of \w\' words, 
6 



82 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

when I say that the roots of our own beloved church run back into 
Elnglish soil that was wet with the blood of martyrs. In this instance, 
as in many others, it was proved true that " the blood of the martyrs 
is the seed of the church." 

In the next place, why were these people in England and New Eng- 
land called Puritans? They never assumed that name. It was given 
them; and it was given them in the first instance in ridicule. After- 
wards it became one of the most honoi'able and renowned names 
known in histor}'. There had previousl}' been in the world many such 
people as the}* were, but the}' had not been called b}' that name. 
Indeed, at that ver}' time there were people similar to them in faith 
and character in other lands. The Huguenots were the Puritans of 
France. The Lutherans were the Puritans of German}' ; and those 
suffering Christians in Piedmont, some of whom were the Lord's 
"slaughtered saints," whom the great Puritan poet, Milton, in im- 
mortal verse, called on God to " avenge" — they were the Puritans 
of the Alps. Yet the English Puritans did have a certain uniqueness 
of character. That uniqueness consisted in the strenuousness of their 
religious convictions and the vital union of those tremendous convic- 
tions with Anglo-Saxon grit and courage. They were called Puritans, 
because they stood so unfiinchingly for purity in Christian faith and 
worship ; for pi/iv% in personal character and life ; for purity in the 
administration of church and state ; for purity in family and social 
life ; for moral purity everywhere in the spheres of human responsi- 
bility and action. They cultivated conscience. They kept the Sab- 
bath and revered the sanctuary. They had profound convictions of 
the exceeding sinfulness of sin, and of the supernal glory of personal 
righteousness. With all their power of hatred they hated a lie, and 
all forms of mendacity, deceit, and fraud. They were understood to 
be a class of people who at any sacrifice met their obligations on time. 
They kept all their promises. They dealt fairly and squarely with 
their fellow-men. They also made it a matter of conscience, and even 
a part of their religious life, to be industrious, to practise economy, to 
live at any sacrifice within their means, and so to be thrifty and 
independent. They had a profound contempt for the meanness of 
living needlessly on the toil and money of others. Their moral stand- 
ard was so high and rigorous that many deemed them, as some deem 
them now, austere and imperious. And they were austere in con- 
demning all meanness and moral corruption. They were also imperi- 
ous in demanding what is honorable and right between man and man, 
and between man and God. Yet their hearts were full of Christian 
sympathy. Their lives abounded in generous acts, and they were 
always prompt to help the unfortunate and needy. Their domestic 
life was sweet and tender. Their homes were full of affection and 



THE FIRST CHURCH 83 

happiness. John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts 
Colon}', was a typical Puritan ; and no one can read his letters to his 
wife and children and not see that his home must have given one 
sometiiing of a foretaste of heaven. True, he had more wealth and 
a higher social position tlian most of the people in the colony enjoyed ; 
but such things do not insure a happy home. It was because of his 
Pufitanism and the Puritan training of his family that his home was 
so heavenly ; and there is reason to believe that the home of every 
other true Puritan was of the same character. 

But how did such a class of people as these Puritans were come 
into existence? Under God, it was the English Bil)le that made them 
what they were. You remember tliat an African prince, through his 
ambassador, once asked Queen Victoria to tell him tlie secret of 
England's power and prosperity. ''Tell your prince," replied the 
Queen, " that it is the Bible that has made England great." So it 
was the English Bible that made the Puritans what they were, — one 
of the mightiest reformatory and ennobling forces tlius far Ivnown in 
the world's history. 

It should be remembered that the people in England, down to 
nearly the middle of the sixteenth century, had never seen a single 
copy of the entii'e Bible printed in their own language. The Holy 
Scriptures for long ages had existed only in manuscripts, and even in 
that form had been kept concealed in dead languages, the ancient 
Hebrew and Greek. The Bible was regarded by botli the civil and 
ecclesiastical powers througliout Europe as a dangerous book for the 
common people to read ; and the comparatively few manuscripts of it 
in existence were kept secreted, sometimes chained, in monastic 
libraries under the care of monks. As late as the year 1526 — less 
than a hundred years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth — no 
scholar in England could translate the Bible or any portion of it into 
the P^nglish language, except at the peril of his life. 

Tlie first Englisli translation of the entire Bible was made by 
Miles Coverdale, an Englishman. It was printed outside of Eng- 
land, at Antwerp, Belgium, in 1535, and copies of it soon came into 
England. In 1564, just twenty-nine years after the first English 
Bibles began to come into England, Puritans began to appear 
among the people. A printed book could have had then no such swift 
circulation as books have now. It would then have taken a score 
or two of years to bring that first printed translation of the whole 
Bible to the careful attention of any considerable number of the 
common English people. But it is significant that, at just about 
the date when the people had had time to examine tlioroughly their 
English Bibles, Puritunism appeared; and from that date, 1564, the 
Puritans multiplied with amazing rapidity in England. There is 



84 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

evidence, however, that among the ministers of the establisliecl 
church, the English version of the Scriptures had a quicker and much 
larger circulation. Thev naturally would be eager to read it, and 
they doubtless studied it, as they never had studied their Hebrew and 
Greek Testaments. Manj- of them soon began to " preach the 
Word " as they never had preached it before. The Coverdale Bible 
was published in 1535, and within twent}' years, or as early as 1555, 
hundreds of these ministers had joined the ranks of those who a little 
later were called Puritans. Both the royal and the episcopal author- 
ities were alarmed. Something must be done ; and so the horrible 
persecutions under the detested queen called "Blood}' Mary" fol- 
lowed quickly. Within five years no less than two hundred and 
seventj'-seven Puritans were frightfull}' put to death. But such a 
reformation once begun could not be arrested. Men might be hung 
or burned, but God's Word printed could not be utterly destroyed. 
Their devotion to the Bible was one of the most notable characteristics 
of the Puritans. The}' were constant and zealous Bible-readers. 
The Book ruled their minds, their hearts, and their lives. They could 
quote a text of Scripture for every article of their faith, and for almost 
every act in their lives. Their every-day language became in no 
small degree Biblical. Tiie ver}' names of their children were taken 
largely from God's Holy AVord. It was the English Bible that under 
the Holy Spirit created the English Puritans, and through them gave 
to England all the civil and religious freedom she has yet attained. 
And under God, it was that same English Bible that, through the 
Puritan fathers of New England, founded our free churches and 
government, and our free schools. 

But another question needs to be raised and answered : What 
was the interjyretation of the Bible whicii made the Puritans such a 
power in the world's history? It is a most illuminating historic fact 
that the renowned leaders of that glorious Protestant Reformation of 
the sixteenth centurj' in Europe, investigating the Bible independ- 
ently, in different countries and in different languages, in order to 
ascertain what its great revelations and teachings, taken togetiier in 
their divine harmony and system, really are, all came to substantially 
one and the same conclusion. The}' differed only on a few minor and 
unessential points. This wonderfully illuminating historic fact should 
never be forgotten. But what shall this one common conclusion, 
reached by all those separate masterly and devout Biblical scholars 
be called? Some called it Calvinism ; some called it Lutheranism ; 
others called it the Westminster Confession. These are only different 
names of one and the same wonderful statement, in systematic form, of 
all the great truths and revelations found in God's Holy Word. The 
Purit-ms were proud to call themselves Calvinists. The founders of 



THE FIRST CHURCH 85 

this church were Calviuists. This chiircli through .all its long histor}' 
of two hundred and fifty 3ears lias been a Calvinistic church. It has 
continued such for the most part without conflict. Yet in one instance 
it was driven " to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all 
delivered unto the saints ; " to do this too, at the loss of all the pos- 
sessions which the parish held in trust for the use of the First Churcli 
in INIalden, — at the loss of its meeting-house, of its parsonage, in 
which Adoniram Judson, the great missionary, was born, who was a 
son of one of its pastors ; at the loss of its ministerial lands, of all its 
funds which had been given for its use ; and it saved its own sacred 
and dearly prized communion service only by paying for it its worth 
in money. Nothing but the Puritan Calvinistic faith of its members, 
which the}' prized above all earthly treasures, could have carried them 
through those da3-s of trial. Modern historj', as well as the eleventh 
cha2)ter of Hebrews, proves that there is a religious faith that makes 
heroes. Next to the Divine Creator himself, there has been thus far 
in history nothing like the Puritans' Scriptural beliefs to put iron into 
the blood, and a spinal column into the back, and to make men. — 
virile and stalwart, as well as true and Godlike ???en, such as God 
always has use for at the great and decisive epochs in the histor}- of 
churches, of nations, and of the world. 

I have no time to present, even in outline, this historically powerful 
and majestic interpretation of the Bible. The most I can do is to 
state tiiat there is a simple test, to which all intelligent and fair- 
minded people can bring ever}' system of religious belief that is 
offered to them, and thus ascertain its true character. Moreover, it is 
a test which Christ himself taught his disciples to use. Our Lord on 
one occasion, speaking of religious teachers, said : " Ye shall know 
them b}' their fruits." Now it is fair, I submit, that the interpretation 
of the Bible accepted by the founders of our church, or Calvinism, 
should bejudgedhy its fruits. Would we know what those fruits are, 
we have only to read history and learn for ourselves. 

I wish I had time to bring to }ou some decisive quotations from 
such historians as George Bancroft, John Fiske, author of that fas- 
cinating book. The Beginnings of Wew England, and especially from 
the great P^nglish historian, James Anthony Fronde. According to 
these and other eminent historical authorities, it was substantially the 
Calvinistic interpretation of the Bible that brought on that sublime 
and irresistible I'evolntion, the most radical and far-reaching, the most 
purifying and inspiring ever known in P^urope, called The Prot- 
estant Reformation. It was tliis same system of religious belief 
that brought into existence and into power the Presbyterians of 
Scotland, who in that land and other lands have been such sturdy 
defenders of the Bible, and of all the deathless truths and lofty right- 



86 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

eousness which the Bible ineulcfites. And it was this same interpreta- 
tion of the Bible that brought into existence the Puritans in P^ngland, 
who saved to the Englisli nation civil and religions liberty', when that 
liberty had come to its last gasp under that despot, Charles I. More- 
over, it was men and women holding and inspired b}- this same in- 
vincible faith who, with incredible grit and courage, broke from home 
and country, and brought civil and religious freedom to the wild 
woods of New England, planted here a free state and free churches, 
established public schools and colleges, founded great missionary 
organizations, and, by countless sacrifices, struggles, and battles, made 
New England what she has been and is, a conspicuous example of the 
fruits of Puritanism. No other interpretation of the Bible has ever 
borne such fruitage. 

We must not hlink historic facts, but /<yce them, if we would learn 
the exact truth and true wisdom. Now, it is an undeniable historic 
fact that, wherever Calvinistic Christianit}' has gone, its pathway has 
been l)lazoned witli the light of popular education, with the glories of 
civil and religious freedom, with the heavenly splendor of innumerable 
examples of personal righteousness, bringing to whole communities 
and states the highest type of civilization which tlie world has yet 
seen, including, as might have been expected, brilliant industrial and 
commercial prosperity and the general thriftiness and independence of 
the people. We may, therefore, well rest assured that the form of reli- 
gious belief that can bring forth all these fruits, and such as these, 
will yet bring the whole world to its long promised millennial purit}', 
peace, and glory. 

I am thankful for the opportunity to speak to-day in praise of the 
religious beliefs and the Puritan character of the founders of our 
church. Those founders need no defence, certainly no apology from 
nic, and I make none. Their own works glorify them, and so justify 
both their Scriptural beliefs and their sturdy Biblical Puritanism. 

They organized their church in strict accordance with the pattern 
given them in the New Testament. Intelligently and religiously 
believing that, in this matter of the outward form of their churcii, they 
had followed the teaching of Christ and the Apostles, they revered, 
prized, and loved their church. The}' prayed and toiled for it, made 
sacrifices in its behalf, and watched over it, and when there was 
occasion for it guarded its sacred and God-given liberties with Puritan 
heroism. An opportunity for the display of such heroism came at 
once, and they met it with a magnificent defence of both their church 
and its first minister. 

To give a full account of the brief, but anomalous, ministrj- in 
Maiden of Rev. Marmaduke Matthews, the first pastor of this church, 
would require a whole discourse. Yet I must tell something of the 



THE FIRST CHURCH ■ 87 

strange story. Fortunately, a full narrative of it can be found in 
Mr. Corey's most admirable Ilisforj/ of Maiden. 

Mr. Matthews was born in Swansea, Southern Wales, in IGOG ; 
received the degree of M.A. at All Souls College, in Oxford Univer- 
sity, in 1627, at the age of twenty-one; and later was appointed 
Vicar of St. John's Church at Swansea, his native town ; which in- 
dicates the higli esteem in which he was held by those who knew him 
best. He was a good sciiolar and fond of reading liis Hebrew and 
Greek Testaments. He was also a Puritan ; and when orders came 
to him to introduce certa'n papal ceremonies into the church ritual, his 
conscience rebelled, and for nonconformity, he was ejected from his 
parish and living. He then came to New England, reaching Boston 
September 21, 1G38 ; and the ver}' record of his arrival announced him 
as " a godly minister." Governor Winthrop, also, who was not likely 
to be mistaken in his judgment of men, described him as " a godly 
minister." Nathaniel Morton, the Plymouth historian, placed Mr. 
Matthews in an lionored list of ministers whom he mentioned as the 
chief " burning and shining lights " at that time in New England. 

In 1639, Mr. Matthews was settled as the first minister of the 
church at Yarmouth, Plymouth Colony, and remained there four years. 
He then came to Hull, in Massachusetts Colony, where he labored 
several years, and was highly esteemed b}' the people. He left them 
against their wish, and simply because in their fewness and povert}' 
they could not support him. They at once petitioned the General Court 
for a little financial aid, in order that Mr. Matthews might be returned 
to them. But the Court, In* vote passed May 9, 1649, not only l)luntl3' 
refused to give them anj- pecuniary assistance, but declared that their 
chosen minister should not return to them, nor reside with them. And 
then that same Court, a civil body, answering to our state legislature, 
strange to say, proceeded to make written charges against Mr. 
Matthews' style of preaching, declaring "that they find severall erro- 
nious expressions, others weak, inconvenient and unsafe expressions; 
for which they judge it meete to order that the said Mr. Matthews 
should be admonished by the Governor in the name of the Court." 

This was the beginning of a long series of troubles brought upon 
this minister of Christ. INIr. Joseph Hills liad recently served as 
Speaker of the House of Deputies and was now the representative of 
Maiden ; and he must have known all that the General Court knew 
about those strange charges and their origin. Doubtless he imparted 
his knowledge of the case to members of his church. Yet nothing 
in their full acquaintance with the case prevented the Maiden 
church from extending a call to Mr. Matthews early in the next 
year, 1G50, to become their minister. He accepted the call; and 
the church ordained him in [)recisely the same manner in which 



88 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the church a,t Salem, and the church at Charlestown, and the church 
at Woburu, and other churches liad previously ordained their 
ministers. Yet for doing this tlie General Court called the Maiden 
church to account and put it on trial. Also it called Mr. Matthews 
to account and put him on trial for having allowed the church to 
ordain him, and this in addition to the charges previousl}' made against 
him of using " inconvenient and unsafe expressions" in his preaching. 
Trial after trial of both the church and its pastor was had at the bar of 
the General Court, and ecclesiastical council after council was called, 
not by this church, nor by any other church, but, strange to say, by 
the General Court, to tr}' Mr. Matthews on the same charges on 
which he had been tried at the bar of tlie General Court. 

The truth is, the Maiden church in calling and ordaining Mr. 
Mattliews proceeded in strict accordance with the Cambridge Platform, 
wliich fortunately had been drawn up and adopted two years before, or 
in 1648, by a large Congregational Synod, representing all the churches 
of that time in all the colonies of New England. Moreover, this Plat- 
form had been reported to and approved b}' tlie General Court of the 
Massachusetts Colon}-. 

Now this same body of ecclesiastical laws, the Cambridge Plat- 
form, an accepted autliority at that time in all the churches in New 
England, distinctly affirmed that it was one of the rights of every 
local church to choose and ordain its own ministers. It even declared 
that "lay ordination" was lawful and proper; that is, that a church 
ma}' lightfuUy ordain its own minister elect by the laying on of the 
hands of two or three of its own members duly chosen for that service. 
Tliere is little doubt that this church ordained Mr. Matthews in that 
way. 

The First Church in Maiden, at that time of its infancy, was a small 
church, but it had in it some able and virile men, and some intelligent 
and brave women, who knew their rights and understood perfectly 
well what they were doing. Joseph Hills, a prominent man in tlie 
colony, who had represented Charlestown as well as Maiden in the 
General Court, and one year had been Speaker of the House of Depu- 
ties ; and John Wayte, who afterwards served as deputy for Maiden 
nineteen years, and was one year Speaker of the House ; and Edward 
Carrington, who was considered by the General Court as a leading 
man in Maiden, — these three Puritans were not men to be trifled 
with when they knew they were in the right. They understood their 
minister. They were convinced that he was a thoroughly good man, 
having, perhaps, some innocent eccentricities of manner, yet an able, 
learned, and godly minister. They had chosen him. They liked him, 
and in the time of his trouble, like true men, they stood by him to the 
end. 



THE FIRST CHURCH 89 

The charges brought against him were of tliree kinds: first, 
" erronions expressions," that is, religious error; second, "weak, 
inconvenient and unsafe expressions," that is, as I understand it, the 
literary style of this Oxford scholar was not up to the standard of 
good taste held by the military cai)tains and the sturdy farmers and 
wood-choppers who constituted the General Court ; thirdly (and, in 
the view of his accusers, cliiefly), he had allowed the Maiden church to 
ordain him ! 

The only serious charge was that of religious error. Mr. Matthews 
was a Calvinist, and there is evidence that he understood what Cal- 
vinism is. May I be permitted to say that I have carefully examined 
every charge of this kind on record against him, and his replies to the 
same, and so far as I can see he did not, in a single instance men- 
tioned, depart in the least degree from the plain teaching of John 
Calvin? 

The three men whom I have mentioned understood this, and thej' 
were not men who would desert their minister when suffering under 
such unjust charges. Time after time he was summoned before the 
General Court, and before sub-committees of the Court, and put on 
trial ; and these three men went with him, and when they could speak 
defended him. Again and again the church of Maiden was summoned 
to appear l\y its representatives before the same Court, to answer to 
the charge of having ordained their minister elect; and these Puritan 
men bravely stood up before that august tribunal, and there stated 
and defended the rights and the action of the free church they had 
founded and now loved. Repeatedly Mr. Matthews was required to 
defend himself before ecclesiastical councils called to tr}' him — called 
too, not by any church, but b}' the General Court; and I have no 
doubt that these same heroic men stood back of him in these trials. 
Indeed, the whole church, save one single member, stood for their 
minister through all these troubles. It is a splendid record ; and it 
stands to-day on the pages of the great books containing the records 
of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and will stand there as long as 
those books exist, to the praise and glory of this First Church of Christ 
in Maiden. 

Mr. Joseph Hills made memorable pleadings before the General 
Court in defence of his minister and his church. Some of them have 
been preserved in meagre outline ; but even in that form they impress 
one as being masterl}' arguments, which ought to have carried the con- 
victions of ever}- deputy and magistrate. Indeed, thej' did so cany 
conviction that in one decisive vote, that which condemned Mr. 
Matthews, there were fifteen for Mr. Matthews, and twenty-six op- 
posed to him. 

At the very last, Mr. Hills' able arguments were reinforced by a re- 



90 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

markable petition drawn up in most pathetic and persuasive language, 
signed by thirty-six women of Maiden, and addressed to the General 
Court, in which petition they entreat the Court to allow Mr. Matthews 
to remain with them as their pastor and teacher. 

But all was in vain. The majorit}' was inexorable ; and on May 
15, 1651, the Court, by vote, imposed upon Mr. Matthews a fine of 
ten pounds, as punishment for the alleged sin of having allowed the 
church to ordain him as its minister. The marshal was ordered to 
lev}' tliat amount on the goods of Mr. Matthews ; but the poor min- 
ister had no earthly treasures save his wife, his children, and his 
library, and these he greatly loved. 

It should be noticed as a very significant fact that Mr. Matthews 
was fiuall}' punished, not for holding an}' religious error, not for giving 
utterance to any " inconvenient and unsafe expressions," but solely for 
allowing the church that had chosen him for its pastor to ordain him. 

At the session of the Court held in the following October, the 
marshal reported that he went out to Maiden to levy the fine of 
ten pounds on the goods of Mr. Matthews, according to orders, but 
could find no goods save books. Upon this the Court voted that the 
execution of the judgment " shall be respitted till other goods appear 
besides books." 

At this same autumnal session of the Court in 1651, a fine of fifty 
pounds was ordered to be levied on the estates of Joseph Hills, 
Edward Carrington, and John Wayte ; and the}' were empowered " to 
make proportion of the said sum " upon other members of the church. 
A year later-, or in October, 1652, the General Court, in response to 
petitions, remitted Mr. Matthews' fine, and ten pounds of the fifty 
imposed upon the church. 

In the severe conflict which this church, so early in its history, 
was called to wage in defence of its minister and of its own rights and 
liberties, it gave a splendid exhibition of the intense Puritanism that 
was living and burning in the hearts of its members. They were de- 
feated ; but their defeat was like that suffered later on yonder Bunker 
Hill. At the time it seemed sad ; but all can see now that it re- 
dounded to the immortal glor}' of the vanquished and the eternal 
shame of the victors. 

Those thirty-six Puritan women, who so bravely yet modestl}' 
came into the conflict when its heat was at the highest, should never 
be forgotten by the members of this church. It does seem to me 
that their names ought to be properh' engraved, set in a frame, and 
conspicuously hung up somewhere in this house of worship, that they 
may be held in honorable and perpetual remembrance. I do not be- 
lieve that any other church in our commonwealth, or even in New 
England, has such a Roll of Honor. 



THE FIRST CHURCH 91 

But of all those who bore so sadly yet fearlessly the burden of 
those troubles, the greatest sufferer undoubtedly was Rev. IVIarmaduke 
Matthews. He soon returned to his childhood home in Swansea, 
South Wales. The times had changed in England and Wales. 
Oliver Cromwell and his Ironsides had appeared upon the scene, 
fought their battles, and the tyrant, Charles I., had lost his throne and 
lost his head. The English Commonwealth had come into existence, 
and the Puritans were in power. The nonconforming ministers could 
now preach and pray with none to molest or make afraid. 

Mr. Matthews was at once appointed vicar of the church in 
Swansea, in which he had so successfully ministered before he was 
ejected for nonconformity. He now had no fear of being hounded by 
either murderous bishops or frightened but mistaken and blunder- 
ing Puritans. He labored with St. John's Church happily for about 
ten years. But in 1658 Cromwell sickened and died. Soon after 
that, Charles II. came to the throne, and in 1662, the monstrous Act 
of Uniformity was again rigorously enforced. In one day, August 
24, 1662, "about two thousand ministers of religion" were driven 
from their churches and livings ; and one of these was Rev. Marma- 
duke INIatthews. But preach the gospel of Christ he would, if not 
^oith salar}', then vithout salarj'. 

Dr. Edmund Calani}', in his History of the Konconformists^ gives 
a brief account of the remainder of Mr. Matthews' life, which account 
is as pathetic as it is beautiful. Among other things he says of 
him: " He left a good living when he had nothing else to subsist 
upon. He afterwards preached, by the connivance of the magistrates, 
in a little chapel at the end of the town. He was a very pious and 
zealous man, who went about to instruct people from house to house. 
All his discourse, in a manner, was about spiritual matters. . . . He 
lived to a good old age, and continued useful to the last. He died 
about 1683." 

In addition to Dr. Calamy's testimon}-, it should be noted that 
Mr. Matthews resided in Swansea through his entire long life, save 
the few years he was in college and the few years he was in New 
England. Now^ it is reasonable to believe that a man who could live 
so long in one place, and be respected and loved by all who knew 
him, not excepting the ver}' magistrates who were under orders 
to stop his preaching and would not do it, — it is reasonable to 
believe that such a minister could not have been a bad or dangerous 
man. 

This adds to the evidence we have that the founders of our 
church were fully justified in cherishing such high esteem and warm 
affection for Mr. Matthews as they did cherish to the last. Their 
record in this whole matter redounds now, and will forever redound, 



92 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH AXNIVERSARY 

to their honor. It shows that in some resi)ects they were decidedly 
in advance of most of the Puritans in the Massachusetts colony". 
They certainly exhibited superior intelligence and character in their 
clear apprehension and brave defence of religious liberty. 

It should be known, liowever, that this church during that grave 
conflict was not without friends. To the honor of the church in 
Salem, and of the church and town of Woburn, it should be said that 
they made earnest and public protest against the arbitrarj' and op- 
pressive action of the General Court in its treatment of the church at 
Maiden. Nor was the valiant resistance which this church made 
against that oppression useless. It suffered vicariouslv for other 
churches. I have not been able to find that the General Court ever 
again attempted to punish, by the infliction of a fine, a church of 
Christ for ordaining its minister elect, or that it ever again attempted 
to punish a minister, b}' the infliction of a fine, for allowing himself 
to be ordained bj- a church that had called him to be its pastor. 

Since the founders of our church passed on to glor}-, about seven 
generations of Christian believers have entered into covenant with 
this church. A goodly host, how many thousands along the centuries 
we cannot tell, have taken upon themselves the same vows of watch 
and care in this Christian brotherhood that we have taken. The}' and 
we and the founders have had one Lord, one faith, one baptism. A 
meeting of all the members past and present, in this world, is of 
course impossible. We know not how it will be in heaven ; but it 
seems to me that when, one after another, we reach Jerusalem the 
Golden, next to meeting our Lord Himself, and our dear kindred, we 
shall take special interest in finding and holding converse with, one 
by one, those redeemed ones who, along the past two hundred and 
fifty years, have taken on themselves covenant vows in this their 
church as well as ours, and have so often gathered, as we have, at 
the communion table of our common Lord. In the mean time the 
comparativel}' few members who gather at the old church-home to-da}^ 
ma}' well sing, in memory of the much larger number who are now 
gathered with their glorified Lord in the church-home above : — 

" One family we dwell in Him — 
One church above, beneath, 
Though now divided by the stream, 
The narrow stream, of death. 

" One army of the living God, 
To His command we bow ; 
Part of the host have crossed the flood. 
And part are crossing now. 



THE FIRST CHURCH 93 

" E'en now, I13' faith, we join our hands 
With those that went before, 
And greet the ransomed blessed bands 
Upon the eternal shore." 



HYMN. 

Tune, St. Martin's. 

Let children hear the might3' deeds 

Which God performed of old ; 
Which in our younger 3'ears we saw, 

And which our fathers told. 

He bids us make His glories known — 

His works of power and grace ; 
And we "11 convey His wonders down 

Tiirough every rising race. 

Our lips shall tell them to our sons, 

And the}' again to theirs ; 
That generations yet unborn 

May teach them to their heirs. 

Thus shall they learn, in God alone 

Their hope securel}' stands ; 
That they may ne'er forget His works, 

But practise His commands. 



After the benediction by the pastor the 

SERVICE OF THE LORD'S SUPPER 

was observed. This service, impressive and beautiful at all times, 
was marked with an unusual dignity and grace. To those who wit- 
nessed it, as well as to those who participated in its celebration, the 
occasion was one long to be remembered. Man}- heads were bowed 
and many e\'es were wet in the tender remembrance of loved ones 
who had left the earthly for a heavenly congregation. The trials and 
the blessings of the long line of years were recalled with reverence 
and thankfulness, with the earnest faithfulness of the fathers, and 
their simple trust. The spirit of the past rested upon the present, 
and hallowed with a heavenly power the latest service in an nnbrpken 
series of two iiundred and fifty 3-ears. 

The following beautiful hymn by a former pastor, whose earl}' 
death, as the field of life with enlarged duties and a promise of great 
usefulness was opening before him, is still lamented, was sung "in 



94 T WO H UNDR ED A ND FIFTIE TH A NNI VER SA R Y 

tender memory of one who went in and out among the people blame- 
lessly, and the fragrance of whose raemor}' abides to this da}'." 

HYMN. 

By the Rev. Theodore Claudius Pease. 

Pastor, 1884-1893. 

Tune, Retreat. 

How blest Thy first disciples, Lord, 

Whom Thou didst choose to walk with Thee ; 

Who daily met around Thy board, 
And made Thy home and family ! 

How blest when throng and press were gone. 

And weaiy daj' herself had fled, 
From all the noisy world withdrawn, 

Alone with Thee to break the bread ! 

Has the long day its burden brought? 

Are heav}' hearts in sorrow bound? 
What sweet relief in kindly thought, 

What syinpatliy witli Thee is found ! 

For every care Thou hast an ear ; 

Thou knowest all their changing moods : 
What stirs the timid Philip's fear, — 

Why thoughtful Thomas sadly broods. 

And is the vision vain as sweet? 

Nay, Lord ! Th}' table here is spread ! 
And ever, where disciples meet, 

Thy blessed hands still break the bread ! 



The service was closed by the singing of — 

THE LAST HYMN. 

By the Pastor. Tune, Dorrnance. 

And when they had sung a h\'mn they went out into the Mount of Olives. — 
Mark xiv. 26. 

Sweet the melody that trembled 

Through the upper chamber dim, 
Where our Lord, with His disciples. 

Sang the Sacramental hymn. 



THE FIRST CHURCH 95 

Stronger, ever stronger growing, 

High uprose the holy song ; 
Floating out through vine-kissed casement, 

Swept its harmon}' along. 

Not yet hushed that sacred music. 

Join w'e in th' immortal strain ; 
All the conquered ages blending, 

Raise we here the high refrain. 

Stand we in the temple rhythmic, 

Vibrant aisles and arches vast, 
With the deathless note that holdeth 

All the voices of the past. 

Where the rivers touch the ocean, 
Where the tides beat on the shore, 

There the symphony eternal 
Sweepeth onward evermore. 

So, dear Lord, Th3' glory shining 

On the faces lifted here. 
Lead us forth, serene, triumphant. 

Past and future alwa3S near. 

The afternoon was devoted to a 

UNION SUNDAY-SCHOOL SERVICE 

by the Church School and its branches, the Edgeworth School and 
the Forestdale School, in which the children participated by interest- 
ing musical exercises and responsive readings adapted to the occasion. 
Addresses were made b}' former and present superintendents. 

The church and congregation united with the other churches of the 
city in the union service at the Anniversary Building in the evening, 
although the auditorium of the church was thrown open for an over- 
flow meeting, as is stated elsewhere. 

A list of the pastors of the First Church is of general interest, and 
is worth}' of preservation in this story of the celebration : — 

pastors anO ^racljcrs; 

With the Dates of Iiistalhitiou and Removal. 

Marmaduke Matthews 1650-1653? 

* Nathanael Upham 1654? 

Michael Wigglesworth {Teacher'] 1657-1705 

* Not pastor, but supplied the pulpit. 



96 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Benjamin Bunker 1G63-16G9 

* Benjamin Blakeman 1675-1679 

Thomas Cheever 1680-1686 

David Parsons 1708-1721 

Joseph P]merson 1721-176 7 

Peter Thacher 1 7 70-1 784 

Adoniram Judson 1787-1791 

Eliakim Willis 1792-1801 

Aaron Green 1795-1827 

Alexander Wilson jMcClure 1832-1842 

Chauncy Goodrich 1843-1847 

Alexander Wilson McChire 1848-1852 

Aaron Chester Adams 1852-185 7 

Charles Edward Reed 1858-1869 

Addison Pinneo Foster 1871-1872 

Joshua Wyman Wellman, D.D. 1874-1883 

Theodore Claudius Pease 1884-1893 

Henry Hugh French, D.D. 1894- 



FIRST PARISH [UNIVERSALIST] CHURCH. 

Kev. James F. Albion, Pastor. 

The long history of the First Parish is identical with that of tlie First 
Church until 1828, when, in the midst of a season of bitter strife, 
which continued many years, a final separation occurred. Its place 
of worship is the oldest in the cit}-, having been erected in 1802 on 
the site of the third meeting-house of the town, which was built in 
1729-30, at the Clay-Pits, and was the cause of the division of the 
town into two precincts and the gathering of the unfortunate Second, 
or South, Church. 

The morning service at this church included a musical program, 
which was rendered b}' the choir, assisted by Mrs. William Barber, 
harp, and John W. Little, 'cello. The anniversary sermon by the 
pastor was followed by remarks by Cyrus and Darius Cobb, sons of 
the Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, the first pastor of the parish after the sepa- 
ration of the First Church. 

The service of the Sunday-school was also commemorative. 
Addresses were made by the pastor, the Cobb Brothers, and the 
superintendent, the Flon. Marcellus Coggan ; and an interesting paper 
upon Colonial Childhood was read by Miss Amy F. Dalrymple. 

* Not pastor, but supphed the pulpit. 



THE FIRST PARISH 97 



OUR HERITAGE FROM THE PAST. 

An Abstract of a Sermon Preached bij the Pastor at the Morning Service. 
John iv. 38. — Other men laboured, and ye are entered into their labours. 

It would be difficult, even to the most vivid imagination, to bring 
before tlie mind's eye tliis morning tlie environment of tliose few 
sturd}', daring pioneers who, two and a half centuries ago, crossed the 
MNstic from Mishawum to make their rude homes in tlie wilderness 
on tlie hillside that lies just south of this old meeting-house. The 
primeval forest, we are told, surrounded them. A few Indian trails 
through these forests were their only highways, — one the Salem Path, 
up which Ralph Sprague and his little band had journeyed in search 
of Misliawum, following the native instinct of the Anglo-Saxon to 
push out into new and untried fields. Just a few straggling huts and 
cabins around Bell Rock in the forest clearings, one of the few puny 
settlements on these inliospitable shores, that one day, little realized 
b}' them, was to develop into the beautiful city we know to-da}-. 

Significant it is that one of the first things these men must have 
was a place in which to worship God. These men and their compeers 
along the Massachusetts shore were poor, except in character. The 
world has been thrilled and inspired by the record of their sterling 
virtues as the}' were slowly cr3'stallized into our national historv and 
became eloquent in our institutions. 

These men sought, first, the kingdom of God and II is righteousness. 
They could have had more ease, comfort, worldly success in ICngiand, 
but only at the expense of conscience and by checking the aspira- 
tion for libert}-, which was daily growing more dominant in English 
hearts. 

This commonwealth was born out of an intense desire to worship 
God according to the dictates of conscience. It was a protest, first, 
against the arbitrary egotism of monarchy, ever tending to tyrannical 
rule. The Boston Tea Party, the nineteenth of April at Lexington 
and Concord, " the shot heard 'round the world," Bunker Hill, York- 
town, and our great Declaration were all wrapped up in the compact 
signed in Plymouth harbor on board the "•Mayflower," — an inevitable 
consequence. 

And, second, it was a protest against slavish obedience to ecclesi- 
astical and theological tradition and a like tyrannical rule in the 
church. John Robinson of Leyden believed there was yet more light 
to break forth from God's word ; and beneath all their rigid Cal- 
vinism there was this unique passion for liberty and independence, 
which gave birth to a more liberal theolog}', as well as a free state. 
They did not see what the outcome would be. Men rarely do. Such 
7 



98 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

things are in God's hands, and Me works with a patience even yet 
be3'ond liuman ken. 

We feel proud that a pastor of our okl church was one of the first 
courageous men who dared to stand for intellectual and spiritual 
liberty, when the great body of colonists had not yet realized of what 
spirit the}' were made, nor the irresistible consequences of the libert}' 
of worship and independence they had striven for in England. Mar- 
maduke Matthews struck a powerful blow at the incipient thoocrac}' 
that began to sliow itself here in Massachusetts when he claimed the 
right to use his reason in interpreting Scripture, and the right of the 
Maiden church to choose its own pastor. He also put a decided 
check on a tendency, quite marked in those first decades of our histor}', 
to unite church and state. 

The Maiden churcli as well as its pastor soon found that its 
courageous and detertnined stand had won sympathizers in several 
of the other colonial churches, who advised Maiden to stand firm in 
its contentions. Keci)iiig clear of tlie danger that seemed imminent, 
— the union of church and state, — they emphasized what it were well 
for us never to forget, that God's government and human government 
cannot be separated, and that if man's laws are not in harmony with 
Divine law the}- will come to naught. 

I want to indicate two or three distinctive contributions of these 
earh' colonists to our civilization. First, devotion to principle, loyalt}' 
to truth, as conscience willed it; as tlie Great Book revealed it; in 
whatever way (xod spoke it to their minds and hearts. They showed 
the world that they were ready to sacrifice everything for it ; home, 
native land, all of the advantages of that native land, schools, colleges, 
property, futui-e prospects, social ties, comfort, ha[)piness, ever}' 
endearing association, the old familiar scenes, the old roof-tree and 
hearthside, the paternal acres, the village lanes, the old parish church 
and the last resting-i)lace of loved ones — and all for what? They 
were ready to cross an unknown sea, to an unknown land thousands 
of miles distant, inhabited only by savages — for what? Freedom, 
liberty, inde[)endence. We smile at the Puritan for his narrowness, 
his pharisaic severity, his sombre, unlovely life. These were defects ; 
they were human. But the older our nation becomes, the more con- 
vinced we are of the eternal verities that were here concrete in these 
loyal hearts that beat under tlie homespun. Principle, truth, right 
were sacred to them. They were mistaken as to truth and right in 
some things, but they were loyal to conscience, to what the inner 
man told them was right, as no other body of men earth has ever 
known. That is a saving grace. Greater light will bring a truer 
sense of right, but a truer sense of right is of no avail where men are 
heedless to the voice of conscience. 



THE FIRST PARISH 99 

Then the}' were reverent men. The}' believed in God with all 
their might. It was the motive power that drove them to these 
shores. The}' were as certain of God as they were of the decks of 
the vessels beneath their feet. lie had a realitv to them which can 
hardl}' be understood in the atmosphere of the popular scepticism of 
these later davs. Faith is the nervous energ}' of intellectual and 
spiritual life, na}', one might sav of all conscious life. It is the vital 
force back of the most practical industrial and commercial life that 
surrounds us. These men believed like giants. They believed some 
things that were false ; but I would sooner trust a man or people 
characterized bv vigorous faith, confident and optimistic, though 
wrong in some of the things believed in, than a man or people uncer- 
tain and sceptical of things human or divine. Their reverence had 
more fear in it than the loving nature of God warranted ; but rever- 
ence, in time, will need the heart of love, no matter how much present 
judgment ma}' deceive ; while irreverence by its very nature shuts up 
the avenues of the soul and mind of man to all good things. 

And it was this God-consciousness which made the love of liberty 
an unquenchaiile passion in their souls. If one word could write the 
history of our land, that word would be Liberty. The liberty and 
freedom, however incarnate in our Declaration, in our constitution, 
laws, and institutions rests on this moral and spiritual I)asis. It was 
God-fearing, God-loving men who created America. It was not a 
mushroom growth. For centuries the human heart had been longino- 
for it, groping here and there for it in the darkness of the middle 
ages, reaching weak, lame hands out towards the dim breaking lio-ht 
here and there ; now and then a brave soul essayed to lead his 
fellows toward the light, but he was quickly silenced. But for a few 
generations preceding the landing of the Pilgrims and Puritans the 
ideas of lil)erty and independence had been fermenting all throuo-h 
Western Europe. Bunker Hill and Lexington had their roots far 
back in the past beyond Plymouth Rock. AVhen Erasmus wrote in 
Holland, and Huss preached in Bohemia; when Luther i-esolutel}' put 
up his articles on the church door at Wittenberg; when the Lollards 
roamed through England slowly dropping their new ideas in the 
peasant mind ; when Wickliffe translated his Bible, and Cromwell 
left the plow at P21y, free speech, free thought, a free press, and a free 
ballot were destined in no far distant day to answer the longings of 
the human heart and mind. 

To the matchless faith and heroism of these earlv colonists and 
their noble successors of Revolutionary da3s we owe a heritage of 
liberty such as the world never before knew, concrete in a great 
national life. Liberty is the very air of heaven, the essence, I believe, 
of eternal life, made real, actual (not perfect, of course), in a political 



100 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

state ; this is, I believe, the great eontril)ution of the Puritan to 
modern civilization. His glorious and successful example lias nerved 
the heart of humanity around the globe ; and the end is not jet. 

What has been the inevitable consequence of these truths? 
Democracy, in the full significance of that word. God onlv is king. 
No king or ecclesiastic can stand in man's place and usurp obedience 
b}' a false authoritj'. f^very man is a child of God, free, equal, and 
independent. Every man is an heir to all the blessings of the earth. 
Every man is free to open any and every door of opportunity. Here 
human brotherhood shall be tested. Here neither blood, nor wealth, 
nor power shall have unequal privilege. Here manhood and woman- 
hood shall count for their full value. This is the heritage which came 
to us from those sturd}', loyal hearts. God grant that we ma}' prove 
ourselves worthy of the inheritance. May the Spirit that moved these 
men move us to-day, and guide the men in whose keeping we place 
our common weal. 

REMARKS OF CYRUS AND DARIUS COBB. 

The addresses of these gentlemen were reminiscent in character, and 
as they were delivered ex tempore it is im[)ossil)le to reproduce them 
in full. 

Mr. Cyrus Cobb expressed his deep emotions in standing in the 
churcii in which he was christened sixty-four years ago, and which 
he had not entered for sixty-one years, having moved from Maiden 
when he was three years old. He said the inspiring strains of the 
organ, tlie 'cello, and the harp, to which he had just listened, moved 
his deepest soul. He also spoke in high terms of the chorus, which 
he declared had scarcely its superior in his knowledge, and few equals 
for promptitude of attack, impact, and faithfulness to the pitch. 

He pointed to the front pews, where a peculiar drama was enacted 
sixty-four years ago. His parents brought tlie twin babes to the 
church to be named Augustus and Augustine ; but when the father 
held them in his arms to be named, he was suddenly' seized with the 
desire to name them Cyrus and Darius. The name of Cyrus was in 
his family, his eldest brother being so named, and bj' adding that 
of Darius he would have the two kings of Persia. So his great, 
sonorous voice sounded out the name of Cj'rus. The mother was 
astonished, and pulled the father's coat-tail to correct him ; but he 
paid no heed, and so his twins were bound to go down to posterity' 
as Cyrus and Darius, instead of Augustus and Augustine. 

As the speaker gazed about that old, consecrated church he real- 
ized the remarkable change and progress of the religious world since 
his father came there as the first Universalist pastor of the parish. 



THE FIRST PARISH 101 

This progress would continue until the All-Loving Father would be 
recognized and confessed by all Christian denominations. The ver^' 
success of Universalism has been its own check as to churches, for 
no such preaching as greeted the ears of old church-goers and finally 
drove them into the church where the unchangeable God of love was 
preached, is now to be heard. Therefore, they were contented to 
remain where they were. This generation could not conceive of the 
battles that had been fouglit witli devoted determination in that 
church and all over the land for the vindication of God and Christ. 
And we have to thank that God that all denominations are at heart 
grateful for the grand work our fathers performed. Heresy stands 
transformed into simple conviction, and sincere, universal confession 
will follow. 

Mr. Darius Cobb, in following his brother, also spoke of the 
inspiration he had derived from the music. The grand anthem car- 
ried his soul up to the spheres of the departed ones, where they 
joined the anthems of the angels. 

There in the pew beneath him, he and his brother nestled by the 
side of their mother sixty-one and sixty-two years ago. Their father 
and mother, and their brothers and sisters have passed away ; and here 
they were looking upon the congregation over the space of sixty- 
one years. When they were three years of age their father moved 
to Waltham. The doctrines then delivered by that sainted father 
are now the ruling doctrines of the world ; and if the Universalist 
church as an organization does not absorb a larger body of Christians 
it is because our doctrines so mould the tenets of the sister churches 
that the members are contented to stay where they are. In spirit 
the churches are all becoming one. Dr. George A. Gordon's remark- 
able statement, that the doctrine of endless misery is blasphemy, 
finds an echo in every church in America, if not in the world. 

The speaker said the fraternal reception he had received from the 
churches of various denominations, since he painted his picture of 
Christ Before Pilate, has enlarged his own feelings and liberalized 
his spirit ; for a Universalist can be a bigot, a very intense one. 

" I was born in Adoniram Judson's birth-chamber," he said, " be- 
ing just five minutes my brother's junior. Dr. Samuel F. Smith, the 
author of America, was pleased to say that this was what sanctified 
us. There is a saci-edness in the thought of these relations of ours to 
the great Baptist missionary, when we remember that Dr. RoUin H. 
Neal, the Baptist leader of Boston, was one of our father's pall- 
bearers in Dr. Miner's Church. How often has he clasped my hand 
on the street, and asked that any of our father's children would 
accost him when meeting him. ' For he was my dear friend ! ' he 
said with deep unction. 



102 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

" I need not specify further," the speaker continued. "We all have 
evidence of the broad and liberal spirit that has rai)idly grown to 
the present day, and is still increasing." 

Mr. Cobb closed with a tribute to the past laborers in the church, 
and with an exhortation to the present members to hold fast to the 
truth and press on in the good work. 



CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

Rev. Edwin II. Hughes, Pastor. 

At this church the morning service was appropriate to the occa- 
sion. A special musical program was given, as follows: — 

PuKU'DE. — Chorus in D. Guilmcud. 

Anthem. — Praise Ye the Lord. Randegf/er. 

QuAi'.TET. — And the City. WhiUington. 

Quartet. — Cast me not Away. Schnecker. 

Alto Solo (Miss Tucker). — The Holy City. Adams. 

Postlude. Tours. 

THE PERFECTING OF THE FOPvEFATHERS. 

Sermon by the Pastor. 

IlEiiREws xi. 40. — God having provided some better thing for us, tiiat tliey 
without us should not be made perfect. 

Analogies are often made between the Israelites and the Puritans. 
Both revolted against what they deemed slavery ; both sought out a 
strange land ; both slowly supplanted a native people ; both labored 
under a profound sense of God ; both had stern ideas of theology ; 
both were the media of large and matchless blessings to the world. 
There is also another analogy not so often made : they both depended 
upon the future for the perfecting of their thought, spirit, and work.^ 
This, at least, was the view that the writer of Hebrews took of the 
Israelites. He did not treat their history as the delights of a dream, 
nor as the curiosities of a student ; he rather used it as a temple 
ringing with divine lessons. He therefore opened the portals with 
reverent hand and entered. When he emerged he did not carry his 
instruction into seclusion ; he brought it out to the world of respon- 
sible and struggling men. He illustrated faith by the living examples 
of the centuries, and ended bj- making all an urging motive for the 
race of life. 

I. Thus the sacred writer seizes the thought of the aid that we 

1 See Afternoons in the College Chapel, F. G. Peabody, 104. 



CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 103 

must give to the past and fixes it into his recital. We have all 
wondered at the ending of this chapter. It gives a peculiar and 
A'iolent reversal of our expectation. One would suppose that it would 
close in fervid fashion by saying : "All these men, our forefathers 
in the faith, did a mighty service. Their work is blessing us now. 
We owe them a debt of gratitude. We without them could not be 
made perfect." But the chai)ter ends in no such wa}'. Notliing is 
said directly as to the deep stream of blessing that flows from them 
to us. In truth, the current is sent backward, and instead of saying : 
" We without them could not be made perfect," it is rather written : 
" They without us could not be made perfect." Out of the glorifica- 
tion of tlie past, he l)rings the responsibility of tlie present. 

Yet the two things are held in a sacred balance. The chapter 
has its long tribute to the forefathers, as well as its brief exhortation 
to the descendants. The worthies of the Old Testament are shown 
as the heav3' creditors of the future. The righteousness of Abel, the 
fidelity of Noah, the spirituality of Abraham, the self-sacrifice of 
Moses, — all these are given large and lasting recognition. The 
very names of these men stirred the hearts of tiie Israelites and sug- 
gested volumes of eulogy. In much the same relation do we stand 
to our Puritan forefathers. We venerate their relics. Their chairs, 
their kitchen utensils, their table ware, their letters, and, most of 
all, their Bibles are the precious heirlooms of New England. We set 
their names on high ; their deeds we lift into glor3'. Episcopalians 
of whatever kind, and royalists of the traditional type cannot with- 
hold praise from their effort to found " a church without a l)ishop 
and a state without a king," We as a people have our chapter of 
Puritan faith and achievement. Time would fail us to tell of all those 
"who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, ob- 
tained promises, . . . out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant 
in fight, turned to flight the armies of the aliens."' 

But this proud excursion into the past should not be suffered to 
rob the present of its responsil)ility. Our forefathers '' obtained a 
good report;" the}' did not give the world its finalities. God had 
"foreseen some better thing for us." In their material conveniences, 
tlieii- institutions, their theology, their type of character, they did not 
reach perfection. Their legac\' was large, but it was capable of vast 
increase. " Without us " they could " not be made perfect." It is 
easier to praise others than it is to make ourselves worthy of praise. 
The man of luxury will admire the sacrifice of the Puritans ; the man 
of laxity will admire their austerity ; the man without convictions 
will admire their stern faith. But to take upon ourselves the form 
of sacrifice now demanded ; to run the risk of being thought narrow 
in our conceptions of conduct ; to stand by tlie unpleasant elements 



104 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVEllSARY 

of the faith as revealed in the Bible and in conscience, — all this puts 
a momentous responsibilit}- upon us. Who among us has not found 
out that admiration is easier than exemplification? 

And this anniversary- will be largely lost if it leads only to eas\' 
eulogies of the forefathers. The past is secure; it is hardened into 
history. The future is pliable ; it waits to be moulded. It is good 
to be just to the Puritans ; it is better to be just to ourselves and to 
our cliildren. It is right to laud the quarter-millennium behind us ; it 
is imperative to work for the full millennium ahead of us. The large 
expense of monc}* and the larger expense of effort will bring magnifi- 
cent returns if we are all realU' led, not merely to praise, but to per- 
fect the work and character of our forefathers. 

II. How is this to be done? Does this passage mean that to 
those now in the other world we may send influences toward perfec- 
tion ? So say some commentators.^ But while this view may appeal 
strongly to imagination, it does not lend itself readih' to construction 
by our thought, nor to the needs of practical speech. We ma}' be 
compassed about with a great " cloud of witnesses" from the Puritan 
past, but tliere is a larger " cloud of witnesses " rising up in the 
American future. What lines of commerce may run between us and 
the world of spirits, we may not say; but of the lines of commerce 
running down toward the coming generations, we are sure. We need 
not, then, tarry over dreamv speculations as to our relation to perfec- 
tion of character in the heavenlies. We ma}- content ourselves with 
tlie immense and serious certainties as to our responsibility for the 
Maiden that is and is to come. 

Within the realm of our conscious endeavor we can find an appli- 
cation for this text. The divine principle is that of improvement. 
On the rocks of the farthest seas it refuses to write " Ne plus ultra." 
The lines of progress run across the pages of the good Book. Rigid 
law moves on to hai)p3- prophecy' ; prophecy advances to splendid 
fulfilment in our Saviour; tlie dis|)ensation of grace moves on to the 
glories of the City Eternal. And within the sphere of present human 
activity there is also abounding room for pi'ogress. The Puritans 
did not put the final period after the word " civilization." Plymouth 
Rock in its hardness ma}' represent tlieir severit}' of creed, in its 
resistance to tide and weather it may be the fitting symbol of their 
enduring influence ; but it was not the final goal of humanity. Lowell 
gathers its meaning and our duty into his stirring lines in T/ie 
Present Crisis: — 

" ' T is as easy to be heroes as to sit the idle slaves 

Of a legendary virtue carved upon our fathers' graves. 

1 See The Epistle to the Ilehreica, Principal T. C. Edwards, 2G8. 



\ 



CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 105 

Worshippers of light ancestral make the present light a crime ; — 
Was the Mayflower launched by cowards, steered by men behind their time? 
Turn those tracks toward Past or Future, that make Plymouth Rock 
sublime ? " ^ 

There is onh' one answer: Plymouth Rock faced the future. It was 
a stepping-stone in the path of human progress, rather than a cap- 
stone in the temple of human life. 

We ma}' therefore sa}' that without the aid of their descendants 
the Puritan achievement would have been harsh and incomplete. 
This is plain when we think of the matter of material conveniences. 
The Puritans certainly- did not give us the final things here. The 
first white men who walked a(;ross the place where now stand tlie 
homes and public buildings of Maiden went back to their companions 
to call it " an uncouth wilderness." They came by an Indian trail from 
Salem and passed on to Cbarlestown. One who maj' be supposed to 
have been in the party speaks of " three great annoyances, of wolves, 
rattlesnakes, and mosquitoes." Long after the first settlers had passed 
away, the wolf continued to howl and the snake to give its hideous 
rattle. Our forefathers crossed the streams in canoes or rafts. 
They transported their goods on clumsy wagons. They lived in 
rude shanties. They worshipi)ed in barren meeting-houses. In all 
these respects God had " provided some better thing for us." " The 
uncouth wilderness" has been replaced bv "a steepled city." The 
Indian trail has given way to a paved higliwa}'. The cries of the wild 
beasts have been silenced by the whistles of factories and the ringing 
of church bells. The streams have been arched by bridges. The 
wagons have been superseded b}' the cars. The shanties have been 
succeeded by dwellings of comfort. The meeting-houses have been 
supi)lanted by stately temples, making ns think of the Scriptural 
word: " Strength and beaut}' are in his sanctuary." Thus have we 
gone on to perfect our forefathers in the way of material conven- 
iences. Where is the seer who can tell the advances that we are yet 
to make? 

But this is onl}' an illustration of the higher advances. In the 
things that register the deeper life of the people, the Puritans did 
not reach the limit of progress. This appears in their institutions. 
Their conception of the church will make clear our meaning. That 
conception was hard rather than attractive, narrow rather than broad, 
Mosaic rather than Christian. It was not accidental that nearly all 
the early pastors of Maiden got their given names from the Old Tes- 
tament. Hear the list : Michael Wigglesworth, Benjamin Bunker, 
Benjamin Blakeman, David Parsons, Joseph P^merson, Joseph Stimp- 

1 LoweWs Poems, Household ed., 69. 



106 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

son, Aaron Cleveland, Eliakim Willis. The men who got the names 
of their children from the Old Testament went thei'e also for their 
conception of the church. Fleeing from one countrj' because the 
state had dominated the church, the}' tried to so arrange it in the 
new countr}- tiiat the church should dominate the state. It is not 
remarkable that trouble grew out of that conception. It left no 
place for liberty. Baptists and Methodists were taxed for its support, 
or else, as later, were required to show a legal ticket of excuse. 
Heres}' trials, lawsuits with the town, and divisions over pastors 
marked the early histor}- of the Maiden church. Our modern ecclesi- 
astical quarrels, when compared with those of our cit}- ancestors, are 
like the passing disagreements of children in their play compared 
with the persistent contests of angry men. In their conception of 
the church our forefathers left much to be desired. 

At this point God had " provided some better thing for us." 
We need to take the excellent heart of their conception and carry 
it on to perfection. This much we can say to the credit of the fore- 
fathers : the}' knew that a community without a church would be a 
moral wilderness. So they made the church the first thing in their 
lives. All their narrowness and tiieir invasion of liberty grew out 
of their conviction that the Church of Christ must keep the pre- 
eminence. The Puritan felt that he could not get on without the 
church ; some of his descendants feel that the church cannot get on 
without them. A crude and bitter anxiety for its welfare is vastly 
to be preferred to the attitude of many of our modern citizens, who 
would not live in a churchless city, but who leave the vital support 
of the gospel to other men. As between the churchly narrowness 
of the Puritans and the churchless indiflference of some of their 
descendants, let us revive the ancient thought. The substantial big- 
otr}' that banished Roger Williams is not so blameworth}' as the 
superficial latitude that banishes Jesus Christ. 

Happily, we are not driven to either extreme of spirit. If any 
man really wishes to work for the religious life of Maiden, he will 
find one in our goodly variety of churches ihat without interfering 
with his liberty will give him a field for earnest and effective work. 
The Puritan never patronized the church, never felt that he was con- 
ferring a special favor on a minister b}' listening to him, never said 
that he should go to the house of God only when it was perfectly con- 
venient. Oh, for the day when no man will think that he highh" 
honors the church b}- attending its services ! Oh, for the time when 
men will feel that the church is a necessity to an}' complete life ! 
Oh, for a revival of the Puritan conception of the dignity of the 
church! Uniting their idea with an attractiveness, a breadth, a 
tenderness, we will perfect our forefathers in the use of a divine in- 



CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 107 

stitution, and will clothe the modern Zion with a garment of strength 
and beaut\-. 

As the Puritans did not give us the final thing in material and 
institutional life, so also the}' did not give us the final thing in theol- 
ogy. God had "provided some better thing for us." It is indeed 
difficult for us to imagine how sane and hearty men could have 
accepted the Puritan creed. That it was a huge blasphem}' upon the 
Divine character, the intelligence of to-daj- freely grants. That it 
was bound in the end to lead to some severe and extreme reactions, 
seems now plain. But that the creed was held, and held in sincerity, 
history leaves no room for doubt. It made God a monster, Christ the 
victim of wrath, and man tlie choiceless puppet of Divine decrees. 
It was more anxious to save God's power than it was to save God's 
love. He was a Judge rather than a Father. All this appears in 
the great poem of Maiden's pastor, Michael Wigglesworth. In the 
later years of the seventeenth century, this poem, called The Day of 
Doom^ was the popular work of New England. In the early years 
of the nineteenth century aged persons could still repeat its terrible 
metres, that had been taught them together with their catechisms. 
It is to be questioned whether any other book in America ever met 
with such a sale, considering the number of the reading public. This 
success was not gained because the work was of matchless verse. 
The book only shows that Michael Wigglesworth might have been a 
poet under favoring circumstances and with a proper theme. What 
attracted the New England mind to the poem was its lurid creed. 
It paraded the harsher elements of truth, and made God a cold and 
resistless logician. Its treatment of the older and responsible per- 
sons who are brought before the great Judge is curdling enough. 
But its deso-iption of the infants appearing before God to be damned 
for the sin of Adam is the height of horror. The little ones plead for 
themselves, asking : — 

" ' How could we sin who had not bin ? 
or how is his sin our 
Without consent, which to prevent 
we never had a power ? ' " 

But the Lord is represented as replying thus : — 

" Then answered the Judge most dread ; 
' God doth such doom forbid, 
That men should dy eternally 
for what they never did. 
But what you call old Adam''s fall, 
and oncly his Trespas, 



108 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

You call amiss to call it his : 
both his and yours it was. 

Had you been made in Adarn\<t stead, 

you Avould like thino;s have wrought ; 

And so into the self-same wo 

yourselves and yours have brought.' " 

When the children plead for pardon the divine reply is : — 

'" You sinners are, and such a share 

as sinners may expect. 
Such you shall have, for I do save 

none but my own Elect. 
Yet to compare your sin with their 

who lived a longer time, 
I do confess, yours is much less, 

though every sin 's a crime. 

" 'A Crime it is ; therefore in blis 

you may not hope to dwell; 
But unto you I shall allow 

the easiest room in Hell.' 
The glorious King thus answering, 

they cease, and plead no longer : 
Their Consciences must needs confes 

his Reasons are the stronger." i 

Perhaps it is not to be wondered at that some of you smile. But the 
smile will fade from your faces if 30U remember that the New Eng- 
land mother of the old time, clasping her child to her heart, held that 
theolog}' in her mind and feared to have her wee one pass from her 
own kingdom into the kingdom of Clod. Ah, sometimes she must 
have left the torturing verse of Wigglesworth and crept away to the 
good Book to fondle lovingly the words of the blessed Master : " Even 
so it is not the will of 3'our Father which is in heaven that one of these 
little ones should perish." To put that awful phase of theology in 
reference to the damnation of infants into metre was much like 
framing a toad in silver or building a palace for a tiger. 

All this will show that our forefathers did not reach the final 
thing in their theolog}'. The}' had much that was excellent. Their 
reverence for the Bible, their sense of Divine authority, their infinite 
tributes to Christ, and the deep significance that they ascribed to the 
doctrines of rewards and punishments were all worthy of imitation. 

1 Corey, History of Maiden, 224-229 ; Van Dyke, God and Little Children, 24. 



CENTRE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 109 

The " free thoughtlessness " of our own era could well return to these 
features of early theolog}'. But viewing the theology at its best, it 
was sadly defective. God had " provided some better thing for us, 
that they without us should not be made perfect." Over the awful 
cliffs of Divine power and justice, we need to grow the vines and 
flowers of Divine rnerc}' and love, in order that men, while seeing 
the beauty of the Lord our God, may yet fear to cast themselves 
against the immovable rocks and make shipwreck of their souls. 

Finally, it must be said that our Puritan forefathers were not per- 
fect in their tj'pe of character. The hardness of their material sur- 
roundings, their conception of the church, their doctrine of theology, 
all worked out into a hardness of character. The gracious side of 
life did not appeal to them strongly. The biographer of Calvin 
makes the statement that the great theologian never once in his 
works mentions tlie beauties of God's world. Yet he lived a large 
part of his life in the region of Geneva, where Switzerland's skies are 
blue and her lakes mirror the stars and her bright streams dash from 
the moimtaius. But Calvin saw not these charms. His followers in 
Nisw P^ngland were much like him in this respect. They learned with 
Christ to weei) over cities and to scourge men from the temple, but 
they did not learn with Him to go to the glad feast or to dwell upon 
the beauties of the lily. Their ideals of life were grim and joyless. 
They were fearful of vanit}' and excess. The}' prohibited slashed 
clothes, laces of gold or silver or thread, embroideries and large sleeves. 
Ten years before Maiden was founded, the Puritans had a daj- of fast- 
ing and prayer. One of the things against which thej- prayed was 
" Idleness." Yet it is said of them that " they worked sixteen hours 
a day, and for recreation laid stone walls." ^ Surely He who gave us 
" all things richly to enjoy " never intended that we should make our 
lives bare and cheerless. The sober and serious aspect of life we all 
realize. We may thank God that we can enter also into its genial 
and gay moods, and smile and laugh ourselves into rest from our toil. 

But we shall be unwise if we reject the Puritan conception of con- 
duct. AVe should merely perfect it. God has " provided a better 
thing for us," but we should have a care lest we make the better into 
a worse. We should call no man narrow who believes in simplicity 
of life. An Englishman said a few years ago that in respect of con- 
duct the Methodists were the proper successors of the Puritans in 
America. Our people should feel complimented by the observation, 
and should try to make it more grandly true. Having rejected 
Puritan theology, we do well to keep certain Puritan characteristics. 
Was it not Macaula}' who said that the Puritans objected to bear- 

^ Eliot, American Contributions to Civilization, 360. 



110 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

baiting not so much because it liurt the bear as because it pleased the 
spectators? Macaulay's sarcasm had in it a serious truth. The sad- 
dest thing about bear-baiting was that it pleased the spectators, and 
the saddest thing about manj- modern forms of recreation is that they 
please the beholders. If we can take the Puritan's dutiful conception 
of living, purge it of its harshness and add to it the wliolesome relish 
of delight, we shall have come near to "the better tiling" that God 
has provided for us. God give us more men of tliis spirit ! Men 
who do not pride themselves on vulgar show ! Men who believe in 
plain living and high thinking! Men who live under a sense of duty 
and will bitterly fight all wrong ! Men with whom conscience is 
supreme, and the fear of God the beginning and test of wisdom ! Then 
shall we have taken the Puritan t^-pe of character and brought it on 
its wa}" to 2)erfection. 

This, then, is the message of our anniversary. One of our local 
poets, whom the celebration has inspired, has represented the fore- 
fathers as mingling invisibl}- in our festivities. May they see nothing 
offensive to the old Puritanism as modified by life in the nearer pres- 
ence of God ! This same poet has offered the prayer that we might 
be as loyal as the}'. God grant that it may be so ! The lines state 
our joy, our heritage, and our duty : — 

" Fair City, rejoice, mid these jubilant throngs, 

As thy children assemble to-day, 
With pageants, and banners, and garlands, and songs, 

Their tribute of honor to pay. 
And among us yet others are standing unseen. 

Sober-clad and of visage austere : 
They have noiselessly come from their low tents of green 

To partake of our festival cheer. 

"O rugged forefathers and mothers, the years 

Bring rich triumphs to crown your repose: 
The vine in the wilderness planted with tears 

Hath blossomed like Sharon's sweet rose. 
God Unchanging, with us, as with them, be Thy grace ; 

Be our purpose as lofty and pure. 
When beside them we lie, in our last resting-place, 

May our mera'ry as nobly endure I " 



THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH HI 



THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. 
Rev. Henry O. Hiscox, Pastor. 

CHURCH HISTORY. 

An Abstract of a Sermon Preached by the Pastor at the Mornincj Service. 

1 Samuel vii. 12. — Hitherto hath the Lord helped us. 

This was the text of tlie dedicution sermon of tlie first meeting-house 
of this church in September, 1804. 

It was the text tliat as a bo}' I used to read, graven in a mural 
tablet set in the exterior front wall of the Stanton Street Baptist 
meeting-house in New York City ; preserved and reset in the Sunda}'- 
school wall of the new meeting-house, many years later, built on the 
corner of Twenty-Third Street and Lexington Avenue. 

It is the cursory glance of faith in God over the things that have 
been, to strengthen the things that are. Such aids to faith are allow- 
able and right, for they are the result of Christian experience produced 
through faith ; and vitalh', essentiallj', they become in themselves 
faith and the strength of faith. 

The pathway of history impresses the thouglitful with its length 
and marvellous diversities. Viewed as the work of man, it is an in- 
coherent speech, without consecutive meaning or clear expression ; 
little calculated to win praise for huraanit}' or inspire one with con- 
fidence in living. But viewed as the work of God, it is a constant 
testimony to His presence, His brooding care, His overruling strength ; 
proving it always true that " the Lord hath helped us." 

Confidence in God is not born of an individual consciousness alone ; 
but it is attested by the consciousness of a generation, and supported 
by the facts of the generation, viewed in detail and interpreted bj- the 
generational spirit and tendenc}-. 

It is well, in the overlooking of two hundred and fift}* years of com- 
munital life, that tlie church — that this church, — should look over 
some things civic and religious. 

Two hundred and fift}' years ago ! 

One wonders concerning the earliest periods of human history-, and 
longs for a clear understanding of the long gone generation, — when 
there were giants, and, of old, men of renown, sous of God and 
daughters of men ; when P>noch walked with God, and Methuselah 
lived his nine hundred and sixty-nine years ; when there were great 
communities and mighty deeds, — evil and good striving together, and 
evil dominating. Wiiat were the manners and dress, houses and 
businesses, learning and, alas ! religion, when Noah preached repent- 



112 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

ance and righteousness for one hundred and twenty years, and built 
his remarkable tliree-storied cruiser? Wliat about that sudden and 
terrible contraction of the stream of humanity into " eight souls," and 
the promise of God that " while the earth remaineth, seed time 
and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day 
and night shall not cease"? 

One wonders about Abram and the great city and people he left, 
and the peoples into whose midst he went ; of the civilization in 
Babylon, Assyria, Tyre and Sidon, and Egypt. And what of the 
Western world, with wliich David trafficked, and the Eastern land, that 
marvelled at his glory and power? Literary peoples they were, all of 
them, as evidenced by modern discoveries, — crude, no doubt, in some 
ways ; but not all things worth doing waited for the nineteenth cen- 
tury, nor did all evil wait its fulfilment till then. 

We are more familiar with the glory of the Grecian Empire and 
her art and philosophy, and with the Roman Empire and her bound- 
less ambition and masterful power ; and we are somewhat familiar 
with the new religion that came almost with observation, the fulfil- 
ment of the Jewish religion and the ruin of the Roman power. 

Two hundred and fifty years ago! In England, Oliver (h'omwell 
(Old Ironsides), through political and social perplexities, was work- 
ing out tlie stern and necessitous problems of pure religion. " Pride's 
Purge " in tiie House of Commons and tlie beheading of Charles I. 
were symptoms of the case, and means for i-eaching the end. In 
France, the ebullient " Fronde War," or "• Child-Play," was in guise 
of severity giving respite to the realm between the two stern, severe 
teachers, Richelieu and Louis XIV. The power of Spain broken, her 
loss in the North a recognized fact, the " United Provinces" a living 
witness to the triumph of truth and religion, she was making terras 
with despised Holland. The Holy Inquisition was practicalh' ended, 
of which Queen Isabella said : " In the love of Christ and Ilis maid- 
mother, I have caused great miser}' and have depopulated towns, 
and districts, and provinces, and kingdoms." All over Europe there 
was a great renaissance ; and the distinguishing feature, the inspir- 
ing cause, was religion. 

In that day, the lands of the heathen were many ; the islands of 
the seas were in savagery ; and in civilized ( !) countries slaves were 
ever3'where held. INIodern inventions have been born since then. 
The use of steam-engines was just beginning. More than one hun- 
dred and fifty years later, steam-vessels were but a realized fact ; and 
at that da}' one would need to look forward one hundred and seventy- 
five years to see the first steam-railway train, a man on horseback 
riding in front of the train to keep the track free from obstructions. 

And what of the Baptists? 



THE FIRST BAPTIST CIIUUCH 113 

Maiden was one of the spots on the shores of this land where men 
and women came seeking the blessings of civil and religious freedom. 
This impulse of the early immigrants should not be lost sight of ; for it 
was that whicli gave flavor and tone to all the}' did, to tlieir style of 
life, to tlie character of business, and to their relations with each 
other and the world. 

Strange to sa}', persecuted and seeking liberty of conscience, with 
security, homes, and power, the}' themselves become persecutors, as 
Baptists and Quakers could attest. 

Congregationalism being the established form of religion in 
Massachusetts, dissenters became victims of intolerant religious 
fixity. 

Roger Williams, a man of conscience and of brilliant parts, was the 
first to introduce believers' baptism and organize a church on Baptist 
principles in this country. A graduate of the University of Cam- 
bridge and a pronounced Separatist, he left England in 1630, hoping 
for religious freedom of life and speech. He says: "God knows 
what gains and preferments I have refused in university, city, 
countr}', and court in Old England, and some in New England, to 
keep ni}' soul undefiled in this point, and not act with doubtful 
conscience." 

In Massachusetts Bay, citizenship depended upon membership in 
one of the established churches. Williams advocated separation of 
church and state ; separation from an apostate church ; absolute 
libert}' of conscience in religion; and an annulment of the colony's 
charter, whereby King Charles presumed to give awa}' the land of 
other people. 

In this last there is food for reflection ! 

He was banished in January, 1686; through many hardships he 
reached Narragansett Ba}', where he established the first colony or 
state established on Baptist principles, and called it Providence. 

It would be impossible to estimate the debt of this country and the 
world to the impregnable position of Baptists and to this ''fore- 
runner," in these later times. Since that time the growth of the Bap- 
tists has been very considerable, under the blessing of God ; and most 
of the gain has been made in the last seventy-five or one hundred 
years. 

There are now in this countr\' twenty-six thousand ministers, 
forty-three thousand churches, and thirty -eight thousand meeting- 
houses, with a seating capacit}' of twelve millions. The value of 
church property, eighty- four million dollars; and there are four mil- 
lions of communicants. 

But what of our own local church in these years? 



114 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

In 1797, a few Baptists living in Maiden, members of churches in 
Boston and Charlestown, had the first sermon preached to them by a 
Baptist minister. In 1800, five persons "joined together to main- 
tain regular preaching." One Lois Tufts was the first person 
baptized ; and two more soon followed, both from the Congregational 
church. 

In 1803, Rev. Henr}- Pottle came to preach to the little company. 
Under his ministr}- some Mix converts were made ; and in December 
of the same jear " the First Baptist Church of Christ in Maiden " 
was organized. In the following month they " partook of their first 
Lord's Supper, sixty-four being present." In September, 1804, the 
first Baptist meeting-house was dedicated. Since that time four more 
houses have been erected, two having been destroyed by fire, and 
one removed to make place for the present beautiful and commo- 
dious structure. 

With house and people consecrated to the Master's cause, the 
present condition of the church is marked by latent strength, bj' 
ample privileges, and a large promise of usefulness. Over five hun- 
dred members have been received during the past six years ; and the 
present enrolment is one thousand and sevent}'. 

Devotion, self-sacrifice, and generosit}' have marked the j'cars of 
the history of this church; and while many of the saints have passed 
on, we are still glad in the presence of Mr. and Mrs. Elisha S. 
Converse, b}- whose fidelity and service the present has largely been 
realized. 

The Church of Jesus Christ is the salt of the earth, and shall sea- 
son the whole for His acceptance. Forms and ceremonies pass awa}' ; 
and new statements come to fit new lives and conditions. Decadences 
and disappearances that are local mark the sure progress of the king- 
dom and give place for sturdier shoots from the same unfailing stock. 
Take 3'our place ; do your work ; have part in the glorious achieve- 
ment ; and the same God who hath helped hitherto will both help 
and perfect and glorif}\ 

Despite the heavy showers, which occurred at times during the 
latter part of the afternoon and in the evening, the auditorium of the 
chui'ch was crowded at the evening service. Special musical selec- 
tions were given by the Temple Quartet of Boston and by the quartet 
and chorus of the church. 



THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH 115 

ADONIRAM JUDSON. 

An Abstraci of a Sermon Preached hi/ the Pastor at the Evening Service. 

In the vestibule of our meetiug-house is a beautiful marble tablet 
with this inscription : — 



IN MEMORIAM. 

REV. ADONIRAM JUDSON. 

BORN AUG. 9, 1788. 

DIED APRIL 12, 1850. 

MALDEN, HIS BIRTHPLACE. 

THE OCEAN, HIS SEPULCHRE. 

CONVERTED BURMANS, AND 

THE BURMAN BIBLE, 

HIS MONUMENT. 

HIS RECORD IS ON HIGH. 



At the time the four young men in college at Williamstown were 
behind the haystack in a neighboring field, offering their prayers to 
Almighty God and consecrating themselves to the gospel work in 
foreign lands, Adoniram Judson was completing his college course 
at Brown. About two years later, these five met and became 
acquainted in Andover Seminary, where the four had entered as 
candidates for the ministr}-, and where Judson, not yet a professino- 
Christian, had been received by special arrangement. His religious 
impressions, received at home, fostered by the life and care of his 
father, the pastor of the Congregational church in Maiden, where 
Adoniram was born, deepened by recent experiences in the world 
and the sad death of a comrade, — culminated in conversion and '' a 
call " to be a missionar}' to the heathen. 

The seminarial course completed, Judson applied to the Associa- 
tion of Congregational Churches, then meeting in Bradford, to be 
sent as their missionary. This resulted in the formation by the asso- 
ciation of "The Board of Commissioners [of the Congregational 
Churches] for Foreign Missions," the first association for such a pur- 
pose in America. February 5, 1812, he was married to Miss Ann 
Hasseltine, and on the next day he was ordained. On February 19, 
with his wife, he embarked from Salem, Massachusetts, for Calcutta. 

During the prolonged voyage he gave himself to a special studv 
of the Bible, expecting to meet and labor near certain English Bap- 
tist missionaries, and hoping to be able to refute their Baptistic hold- 
ings and beliefs. Instead of being able to strengthen his views, he 
was convinced that they were wrong ; and conscience and the Bible 



116 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

compelled him to become a Baptist. On arriving" at Calcutta he and 
his wife were baptized, and severed their connection with the board 
that sent them out. News of this change being heralded in America, 
the Baptists, by delegates, formed a " General Missionary Conven- 
tion for Foreign Missions," and henceforth they supported Mr. Judson 
in his work. 

Being expelled from India by the government, after some adven- 
tures and many misliaps, Mr. Judson found himself and wife on a 
vessel bound to Rangoon, Burmah. He immediately adopted the Bur- 
mans as his in the Lord, and gave the rest of his life in work for them. 

His unremitting labors, his sufferings in the death-prisons of Ava 
and Oung-pen-la, the heroic fidelity of his wife in the midst of miseries 
and tortures untold, his bodily endurances of sickness and privation, 
— all tell the story of a life upheld bj' faith in God and love for poor 
humanity that has not been excelled, and but rarely' equalled. Years 
passed before he gained one convert. vSeven years passed before he 
ventured to preach to a Burman audience, delating that when he 
preached his familiarit}' with the language might make him competent 
to answer any doubts or cavillings. Amid incessant labors, he toiled 
at a translation of the Bilile in the Burmese language. This he com- 
pleted twenty -one years after landing at Rangoon, and then spent 
six years in its revision. At the end of thirty -three years, enfeebled 
in body and liaving buried wife and children, at the insistence of the 
board at home, he sailed for America, with his second wife, the widow 
of the late missionar}', George Dana Boardman. On the voyage she 
died, and was buried at St. Helena. 

Judson tarried in America for nine months onl}', and returned to 
four years more of labor. On a sea voyage for recovery from illness, 
he died, and was buried in the ocean. 

All the foreign-mission effort of the churches in America is due 
under God to Mr. Judson's persistent determination to preach to a 
heathen people. Who can estimate the reflex influence upon the 
churches, in their home work, resulting from this enlargement of their 
faith and hope of "• the heathen for His inheritance "? 

Among the Burmans, more than seven thousand have been bap- 
tized, and hundreds more have died in the faith. There are sixty- 
three churches, and nearly two hundred missionaries and teachers. 
Deep down in tlie Burman heart the light of God's truth and salvation 
is shining. 

Mr. Judson exemplified the power of Christian faith and of per- 
sonal consecration, under the most fearful trials and tormenting dis- 
tresses. Only the grace of God could have given endurance to any 
mortal placed as he was. A man of prayer, he remains one of the 
heroes and martyrs of the church. 



THE CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION 117 

THE CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE 
CONCEPTION. 

Rev. Richard Neagi.e, Rector. 

At the Church of the Immaculate Conception, Pleasant Street, a 
Solemn High Mass was celebrated at 10.30 a.m. The celebrant of 
the Mass was the Rev. John J. Coan, treasurer of St. John's Ecclesi- 
astical Seminary, Brighton, a former resident of Maiden ; and the 
deacon was the Rev. Hugh J. Clearj-, a native of Maiden. The Rev. 
Mortimer E. Twomey and the Rev. William J. Case}', resident assist- 
ants of the parish, officiated as subdeacon and master of ceremonies, 
respectively. The Rev. Richard Neagle, Permanent Rector of the 
church, was present in the sanctuary. 

The music was rendered by the regular church choir, jNIozart's 
famous IMass being sung, and by the boys' sanctuary choir, which 
sang the responses. 

After the gospel, the Rev. Thomas Scully, P.R., of Cambridge, a 
former pastor of the church, 1863-1867, ascended the pulpit and 
preached the anniversarj- sermon. 

SERMON BY THE REV. THOMAS SCULLY. 

Acts vi. 7. — And the word of the Lord increased, and tlie number of disciples 
multiplied in Jerusalem exceedingly. 

Dearly beloved Brethren : — I appreciate most highly tiie honor 
I have of addressing you on this happy occasion, the two hundred 
and fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of your cit}-. After an 
absence of thirtj'-two years I come to you at the urgent request of 
your beloved pastor, to add my voice to the chorus of congratulations 
and well-merited praise which this jubilee celebration calls forth from 
the citizens of Maiden, and to join with you in praising and thanking 
Almightv God for the s[)iritual and temporal favors which He has be- 
stowed upon you. 

Maiden is, indeed, to be congratulated on her growth and her 
prosperity. From a town of a few inhabitants she has developed into 
the large and flourishing municipality which we see to-day, with its 
happy, comfortable homes, its many schools, and its centres of busy 
industrial life. This vigorous and healtliy growth is to be attributed, 
under a benign Providence, to the energy and industry of the people 
of this city, but still more, I think, to the beautiful union and good-will 
which binds together the citizens of Maiden, both Protestants and 
Catholics, for the defence of good order and public morality, and for 



118 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the promotion of honest government and industrial success. As citi- 
zens of this beautiful and enterprising cit}', you have good reason to 
be proud ; and it is riglit that your wise and zealous pastor has joined 
your hands and hearts with 30ur fellow-citizens, to make the great 
jubilee what it should be, a grand manifestation of the union of Mai- 
den's citizens, — a union that has been the source of so much good in 
the past, and that is rich in its promise of greater good in the future. 

As Catholics, too, you have good reason to rejoice and to be 
proud on this occasion ; for the development and progress of your 
cit}' has been accompanied b\- a corresponding development and prog- 
ress of Catholicity among you. And while the freedom, the order, the 
prosperity which you enjoy have had no small share in bringing about 
the marvellous growtli of our church in this city, at the same time we 
do not hesitate to say that the Catholic Churcii has done much to pro- 
duce the happ}- and prosperous condition of the city of which you are 
so proud. No state, no cit}' of our Union, could attempt a true and 
worthy celebration commemorative of its honorable career without 
generously recording its indebtedness to tiie intellectual, industrial, 
patriotic, and religious life of its Catholic citizens. 

It is the thought of the undying life of tiie Catholic Cliurch which 
should be uppermost in our minds to-day, the great festival of Pente- 
cost. For on the first Cln-istian Pentecost our church began its work 
in the world. The church was established by Jesus Christ for the 
purpose of carrying on to the end of time the work of teaching and 
sanctification whicli He began. It was to go into the whole world, to 
make known His doctrines to all nations, to impart to men's souls the 
supernatural life of grace, and thus make them worthy to share in the 
glory won for them by the shedding of His blood. "Going into 
the whole world," He said to His chosen Apostles, " preach the 
gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is baptized shall be 
saved." 

Having intrusted to His church this high mission, Jesus Christ 
bestowed upon it all that was needed to execute His commands. To 
His Apostles and their successors He gave His own authority. " As 
the Father hath sent Me," He said to them, " so I send 3'ou." And 
again: "He that heareth you, heareth Me." They were to preach 
His doctrine, in His name and with His authority. And that it might 
never teach aught but His truth, He promised to it His own unfailing 
assistance : " Behold, I am with 3'Ou all days, even unto the consum- 
mation of the world ; " and He promised to send it the H0I3' Ghost, 
the Spirit of truth, to abide with it forever. 

To carr}- on the mission of sanctification Christ left with His 
church His Sacraments, those outward signs which were to be the 
channels of divine grace, by which sins were to be forgiven and super- 



THE CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION 119 

natural life was to be nourished aud made strong. Moreover, Christ 
gave to His church an indivisible unity by clioosing one of His 
Apostles to be its visible head. To this Apostle He said, "Thou art 
Peter, and upon this rock 1 will build my church ;" "I will give to 
thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven;" "Feed my lambs, feed 
my sheep." 

In union with Peter, the other Apostles formed the teaching and 
ruling bod}' of the church, and only in union with Peter's successor, 
the Bishop of Rome, were the successors of the other Apostles to 
exercise this office. On Peter and his successors Christ bestowed the 
power and prerogatives wliich He had given to His church as a whole. 
The occupant of Peter's chair was to possess supreme authority as 
teaclier and ruler of the church, and his teaching voice was to an- 
nounce with infallible certainty the truths which had been divinely 
revealed. 

The church thus constituted as a visible societ}' of men on earth, 
with Peter as its head, endowed with infallible 'teaching authority, 
and possessing the means of sanctifying souls, was to remain on earth 
to the end of time. 

The promises of Christ never fail, and He has promised to be 
with His church even to the consummation of the world. Built by 
Him on Peter, the rock, " the gates of hell shall not prevail against 
it." And that it might possess this undying life, He sent to His 
church, on the tenth day after his ascension, the Holy Ghost, the 
Spirit of truth, of holiness, and of life, who was to remain in its bosom 
forever, guiding it in its mission of teaching and sanctifying mankind, 
and preserving it from all error, and imparting to it His own Divine 
life. 

Armed with these powers, and confiding in these promises, the 
Church of Christ, on the morning of Pentecost, faced tlie world in 
order to win it to God. Peter preached to the multitudes gathered 
in Jerusalem, and at his words thousands accepted tlie yoke of Christ. 
The apostles preached in the streets and in the synagogues the mes- 
sage of salvation through Jesus Christ and Him crucified, and in a 
short time "the word of the Lord increased, and the number of the 
disciples was multiplied in Jerusalem exceedingly." From Jerusalem 
and Judea the infant church went forth into ever}' part of the known 
world delivering its message of truth and salvation to the peoples of 
all nations, and all tongues, and everywhere the word of the Lord in- 
creased and the number of the disciples was multiplied. 

In vain did the power of Rome attempt its destruction. The 
blood of its thousands of martyrs but added to its strength and hast- 
ened its progress. The Roman Empire itself, at lengtii, bowed 
before the Cross of Christ, and acknowledged the truth and authoritv 



120 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

of the church. And, when that empire fell, and the vigorous people 
from the north formed new nations within its provinces, the Church 
of Christ went out to meet them, won them to the truth, and through her 
scholars, her monks, and her saints made of them the powerful civilized 
nation of Christian Europe. This triumph was not achieved without a 
struggle. At every period of her histor}- the onward march of Christ's 
church has been opposed b3' the world. The Master had foretold this. 
The world would hate His church because it was not of the world. 
And so in the beginning all the force of Pagan error, vice, and super- 
stition was directed against the religion of the Crucified. Then 
came the heresies to prevent her teachings, and schisms to destro}' her 
unit}', and the efforts of emperors, kings, princes to make her the 
subservient tool of their passions, and scandals among her children ; 
but the church lived on, faithfully discharging the mission intrusted to 
her. No hostile power could destroy her, for she is indestructible. 
Her enemies may bar her progress for a time, here and there, may 
drive her at times from one field to another, but sooner or later they 
must yield before her. " Have confidence," said Christ to His 
Apostles, when foretelling the persecutions and trials of His church. 
'' Have confidence ; I have overcome the world." The history of nine- 
teen hundred 3ears is a record of continuous struggle between the 
church and the world, and the fulfilment of Christ's promise, "The 
gates of hell shall not prevail." The church has learned the one word, 
" conquer," from the Divine founder, and knows not defeat. Nothing 
is more certain than that the life of the Catholic Church cannot be de- 
stro3'ed, and every human institution opposed to her will fall. 

When in the Providence of God the New World was discovered a 
new field was opened to the ceaseless activii}' of the (Jatholic Church. 
She sent her missionaries from Catholic Spain and Catholic France, 
and long before Protestant colonization of these shores began, the 
Catholic faith was preached and Catholic missions were founded here 
in America. It was the beginning of a growth and an expansion of 
the church as marvellous as that which the Old World had witnessed. 
There were difficulties to be faced, there were persecutions to be en- 
dured, especialh' in the English Protestant colonies, 3'et the hand of 
God so shaped events that those difficulties were overcome, those per- 
secutions ceased, and in the genial atmosphere of American freedom 
the old church has displayed so much vitalit}' and has attained so 
large a growth as to be a cause of wonder to the world. This is 
indeed the Lord's doing, and it is wonderful in our eyes. 

With the advent of American Independence the Catholic Church 
of the United States began to organize her hierarch}-. In 1789, Pope 
Pius VI. founded the see of Baltimore with John Carroll as its bishop. 
In 1808, Pius VII. erected the Boston see, and John de Cheverus was 



THE CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION 121 

consecrated its first bishop. Ilis pastorate embraced all New Eng- 
land. Two priests assisted him in administering to his scattered 
flock of a few hundred people, and the Catholic Indians of Maine. 
To-day the Catholic Church of New England counts one archbishop, 
seven bishops, and over fifteen hundred churches and chapels, thir- 
teen hundred and forty-seven priests, and at least one million five 
hundred and fifty tliousand regular church attendants. 

Who were they through whom God has exalted His church here in 
our own countr}'. especially in New England? 

Not the rich, nor the powerful, nor the influential ; but the poor, 
persecuted, downtrodden children of Catholic Ireland. The tyranny 
of England had made use of ever^- means which hatred and cruelty 
would devise to force the Irish people to abandon their faith. But, 
though robbed of their goods, though reduced to want and starvation, 
though hounded even to death, the\' never wavered in their lo3'alt3' to 
their church. Their faith was to them a treasure to be kept at the 
cost of ever}' earthly possession. It is now more than half a century 
since the}' began to leave their native land in large numbers to escape 
British tyranny. They brought with them no riches but their strong 
arms and willing hearts, but they brought pure and untarnished that 
faith which had been tried so severely. Through them and their chil- 
dren God has caused His church to flourish on American soil. They 
are now numbered by millions, and this broad land is filled with the 
monuments of their faith. 

In the early days of Irish immigration to this country, a few of 
the immigrants who had settled in Maiden and the adjoining towns of 
Medford, Melrose, Wakefield, North Reading, Stoneham, and the 
greater part of what is now Everett, were organized into a parish, and 
the Rev. Joim Ryan was appointed by Bishop Fitzpatrick to be their 
pastor. 

Forty-six years ago this hoi}', learned, and zealous Irish priest 
gathered the few Catholics of his flock into a small hall in Maiden. 
In 1854, Father Ryan had collected sufficient money from his generous 
congregation to partly purchase this valuable property, and on Christ- 
mas Day of that year celebrated Mass in the basement of this church, 
as originally designed, and dedicated the parish to the special protec- 
tion of the Immaculate Mother of God. The arduous work of a large 
and scattered mission soon told on the health of Father Ryan. To 
attempt in those days to build a brick church in a country parish was 
too difficult an undertaking. The Catholics were few and poor. He 
lived, however, to see the church built, but heavily in debt. Father 
Ryan was a true shepherd of his flock and a brave soldier of the 
Cross. He was a safe leader and prudent counsellor of his people in 
the distressing da}s of Know-nothing bigotry. Ilis long and severe 



122 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

infirmities did not prevent him from going long journeys at niglit to 
administer to tlie dying tlie consolation of the Holy Sacraments. He 
died, honored and revered b}' his fond people, Februar}' 26, 1863. 

Thirty-six years ago, the first week of March, 1863, I was sent by 
the bishop to Maiden to succeed Father Ryan, and I remained here 
until May, 1867, when I was ordered to go to Carabridgeport to 
organize a new parish. My four years of pastorate in Maiden were 
3'ears of peace, contentment, and happiness, and I have regarded 
them as among the happiest of m}* life. I came to Maiden fi'om the 
war, where I had served as chaplain to the Ninth Massachusetts 
Regiment. I had spiritual charge of all the towns embraced within 
the original limits of the parish. I said Mass every Sundav and 
Holyday in South Reading, now Wakefield, and in this church. 
Nearly all have passed away who then came here Sunday after Sun- 
day, and are now, I trust, with the blessed in heaven. Their children 
and their children's children are hei-e, true to the religious principles 
of their fathers, proudly professing their faith, and generously sup- 
porting the works of their hoi}' religion. Nothing could be more 
generous than the aid given me by the fathers of many families here 
in endeavoring to straighten out the legal and financial entanglements 
of the parish proi)erty. What changes in these thirty-two years ! 
Where I was alone there are now laboring seventeen priests ; and the 
little flock of those days has swelled to thirt}' thousand souls or more. 

My successor was Rev. John McShane. His stay was short, as 
was that of Rev. Michael Carroll, who came after him. In 1868, the 
Rev. Thomas Gleason became pastor, and remained here until 1882. 
During his pastorate the parish developed rapidly. Houses arose on 
all sides and fields gave wa}' to streets. The number of parishioners 
increased greatly, requiring the appointment of two assistants to the 
pastor. Father Gleason enlarged the church, built a new parochial 
residence, and made man}' improvements. But his greatest work was 
the establisliment of the school of this parish, in which the children 
receive the priceless blessing of a good Catliolic education. 

In 1884, Rev. Michael Flatley took charge of the parish. This 
good priest lived here for twelve years, and I can safely say he lived 
in the hearts of his beloved people. He was kind, gentle, and chari- 
table. His love for the beauty of God's house made him undertake 
the task of renovating and decorating the whole interior of the church. 
Like his immediate predecessor, he loved children and built for them 
a splendid brick schoolhouse, with a large hall and well-furnished 
class-rooms. Under his direction the Total Abstinence Society 
became one of the most flourishing in the Archdiocesan Union. 
Realizing the necessity of erecting another church and school on the 
other side of the railroad, he secured a valuable property for that pur- 



THE CHURCH OF THE SACRED HEARTS 123 

pose. In the veiy pi'ime of life he died suddenl}-, lamented not only 
b}- Maiden, l)iit by the archdiocese, to which he was an honor because 
he was a model priest. 

I will not pretend to speak of your present worth}' pastor, who 
came to you shortly after the death of Father Flatle}-. God knows 
that the wish of my heart is that he may live to celebrate amongst you 
and your children tlie golden Jubilee of his priesthood. 

It is pleasing to me that after this long separation of thirty-two 
years I can come back once more to my first parish, where still live 
some of my beloved and best friends, and find as my successor, 
Father Xeagle, a learned, zealous priest, and patriotic American 
citizen, wliose brave Irish father, my comrade in the Civil War, died 
on the battlefield in defence of the Union and for the honor of its flag. 
The parish debt has been reduced fifty thousand dollars since he 
became your pastor, while religious fervor has increased. 

Carry away with 3-ou from this grand celebration of Maiden's two 
hundred and fiftietli anniversary deep sentiments of love of country 
and thankfulness to God for the peace, happiness, prosperity, and 
freedom that you enjoy. 

Value your membership in the Catholic Church as moi'e precious 
than the whole world, as it is your union with Jesus Christ. Let your 
lives be in accord with her teaching, — sober, honest, truthful, and 
modest, — that you may be worthy to celebrate for all eternity with 
Jesus Christ and His Saints your own triumph hereafter in heaven. 



THE CHURCH OF THE SACRED HEARTS. 

Rev. Thomas H. Shahax, Pastor. 

At the Church of the Sacred Hearts, Main Street, a Solemn High 
JMass was celebrated, the oflRciating clergymen being the pastor and 
his assistants, the Rev. Timothy J. Holland and the Rev. Jeremiah J. 
Lyons. 

The sermon was preached by the Rev. Denis J. Sullivan of West 
Lynn, formerly assistant at the Church of the Immaculate Conception, 
Maiden. The subject of the sermon was Groicth Toioards God,' 
and the text was from Matt. vi. 33 : " Seek ye first the kingdom of 
God and his glory." The preacher congratulated his former home 
upon the occasion of its celebration, and said the city should be proud 
of its eminent exemplars of trusteeism in wealth and of its high types 
of maniiood, both lay and clerical. The people should rejoice because 
of their spiritual and temporal prosperity ; and the sermon was con- 



124 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFrjETH ANNIVERSARY 

eluded by a fervent expression of the speaker's wishes for a continu- 
ance of those blessings and for that better growtli that leads towards 
God. A special musical program was sung by the choir. 



MAPLEWOOD METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

Rev. John R. Cushing, Pastor. 

ADDRESS BY THE PASTOR. 

Matt. v. 14. — A cit}- that is set ou au hill cannot be hid. 

The long expected hour, radiant everywhere with preparations for 
this commemorative day, is here. Let us worship and give thanks 
while we recount in concise speech the glorious record of His 
leadership. 

At first, I wish to bear my appreciative testimony to the solid 
worth of that splendid work of art and love, the History of 3Ialden^ 
b}' Mr. Core}'. Its thorough scholarship, its indefatigable research, 
with authoritative reference and quotation, its fidelity to fact, its care- 
ful discrimination of material, its purity of language and eloquence of 
diction, together witli its loyalty to the spirit of our fatliers, entitles 
its author to the highest local honors in this Feast of Days. Let me 
pick out, here and there, a picture of those historic epochs, around 
which cluster the events which have made us what we are. 

The first picture that attracts our attention is that of Pioneer 
Life. The earlj' settlers had a hard struggle with the new conditions 
of life. Whether at Jamestown or at Plymouth or Providence, it was 
a story of endurance and privations, which at times grew pathetic. 
The founders of our town were men and women of hardy stock, 
simple ways, limited education, but strong religious convictions. The 
tale of their ways, weaknesses, worth, and wealth will always be both 
fascinating and instructive. 

Their homes had little in them to attract the newly married 
couples of to-duy. One of them is lifted into everlasting remem- 
brance because it " had a cubbord and l)edstead in it." Nor ought 
we to forget that there was a time when the cheap house-builder had 
not appeared. Your pastor spent four years of his early life in 
Shrewsbury-, in a house then known to be one hundred and fifty j-ears 
old, whose oaken timbers of twelve by sixteen inciies in dimension 
turned modern nails when a few repairs were made. The ridge-pole 
of that house was larger than any timber in our modern dwellings. 

How little our ancestors knew of the beautiful in music, painting, 
or sculpture, or of the treasures their fathers had left in the museums 



MAPLEWOOD METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 125 

and galleries of the old world. Our historian refers to "the destitu- 
tion of osslhetic sense," — to the "few tunes which they painfully 
sung in a high and unnatural key in the dreary meeting-houses which 
matched the tunes they sung." 

But their hearts were as true as steel ; for we read tliat the small- 
pox had raged among the Indians, tliat they died by the hundreds ; 
and the names of P^Has Maverick and his wafe are mentioned, who 
buried thirty bodies in one day. It is said that they, with others, 
went among the sick and dying, " exhorting them in the name of the 
Lord." Later we read that they were the ancestors of the selfish, 
cruel, unprincipled men, the treaty makers and the treaty breakers of 
our modern life, whose wrongs done to the innocent and helpless 
Indian races are an everlasting blot upon our civilization. 

"Alas ! for them — their day Is o'er, 
Their fires are out from hiU and shore ; 
No more for them the wild deer bounds ; 
The plough is on their hunting-grounds ; 
The pale man's axe rings through their woods, 
The pale man's sail skims o'er their floods, 
Their pleasant springs are dry." 

Bishop Wliipple says in liis preface to H. H. Jackson's Century 
of Dishonor : "It may be doubted whether one single treaty [made 
with the Indians] has ever been fulfilled as it would have been if it 
had been made with a foreign power." 

Look now upon a sweeter scene, — The Founding of a Church. 
The first requisite to a town government was the founding of a church, 
" for in it lay the roots of all secular as well as ecclesiastical author- 
ity." Out of the church came the town and the state. Church mem- 
bers alone could vote and hold office. William Sargeant and students 
from Cambridge preached to the scattered flock in 1648 ; but May 11, 
1649, O. S., marked a new epoch in our civic life ; for the agreement 
of the inhabitants was ratified by the General Court, and the men of 
Mystic Side were " granted to be a distinct towne, & the name thereof 
to be called Mauldon." 

And now begins a painful and, at times, a pathetic story of con- 
flicting opinions, stubbornly defended, of heartburnings, troubles, 
and schism, illustrating the truth that a man believing himself to be 
conscientiously right, like Saul, who verily thought he was doing God's 
service when he persecuted the church of God, is the worst antago- 
nist and the most bitter foe in the world. I fear that a few of those 
old mantles have fallen upon modern shoulders. The men who sigh 
for " the good old times" do not know for what they pray. May the 
Lord forgive their ignorance. The former days were not better than 



126 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

these. Nor was the piety of oiw ancestors one whit more pure or 
spiritual than our own. On tlie contrary, they lived in the type and 
sliadow of Old Testament doctrines and teachings. Their inner life 
was darkened by their conception of God, and their thouglits " seemed 
to have been set in a minor key." As INIr. Corey remarks, '* Even the 
hopes or certainties of a blessed immortality were transmuted in the 
alembic of their gloom}' minds into denunciations of wrath to the chil- 
dren of men." No wonder that a revolt from the stern Calvinism of 
those ancient days appeared about one hundred years later in Metho- 
dism (1766), Universalism (1770), the doctrines of the Free Will 
Baptists (1780), and tiie Unitarian forms of religious thought (1785- 
1815). 

The First Church of Maiden contended for the independence of 
the churches. " Its members asserted the freedom of individual 
thought, limited by conscience and the Word of God." Tlie names 
that appear upon the records of the church of our beloved town are 
worthy of high honor: Marmaduke Matthews, Michael Wigglesworth, 
Joseph Emerson, Peter Thacher, Adoniram Judson, and Gilbert 
Haven, — men whose names and influence can never die. 

The third picture is The Country School. The glory of our 
New England life is found in the fact that church and school go hand 
in hand. It was a happy thought to reproduce that ancient structure 
upon the High School grounds, as an object lesson to Young America. 

My first experience in swinging the pedagogic birch was in a similar 
house at the head of Lake George. Standing in the centre of the 
room one might almost touch every pupil in the school. One grows 
sad in the remembrance of the poverty of time and appliances of the 
old-time school. 

Next come to us pictures of Thp: Country Town. Tlie evolution 
of the town from "an uncouth wilderness" brought the usual accom- 
paniments of civic life. The public house, or tavern, with its some- 
times unsavory- record ; tlie licensing to sell "bread and beare ; " the 
town-meeting, — a school for rising applicants for public honors and 
office ; training-da3's and husking-bees ; " raisings" and ordinations ; 
all plaj'ed their part in forming colonial life. 

One item of information is given in the History of Maiden, which 
may be as new to some in this congregation as to me. In 1767, there 
were found thirteen negroes who were reckoned as a part of the valu- 
ation of the town. " There were forty-eight negroes in Maiden in 
1764-65," sa3s our historian, "many of whom were slaves." It 
seems that " slaver}' was here from the beginning, and remained under 
the protection of the law until after the Revolutionar}' period." Under 
the date of ISIay 18, 1663, is found an order of the General Court 
relative to the servant of Job Lane, who had been found guilty of 



MAPLEWOOD METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 127 

" running from liis master ; " and in 1667, a negro boy is sold to Job 
Lane. Tlie world does move, but slowl}'. 

Now look upon a fifth picture, one of Loyalty. I quote freely 
from the History of Maiden. The Boston Massacre had come and 
the country was aflame. "At length, November 2, 1772, Samuel 
Adams, standing on the floor of Faneuil Hall, ofl!"ered that celebrated 
motion which, in the words of a recent writer, 'gave visible shape to 
the American Revolution, and endowed it with life and strength.' " 
On Januar}' 5, 1773, the men of Maiden met to consider a circular 
letter addressed by the citizens of Boston to their ])rethren, and 
" their own duties in this crisis." Said the letter, " It is more than 
time to be rid of both tyrants and tyranny." The men of Maiden 
answered, " With our best blood and treasure;" and to their repre- 
sentative they said : '•'■ It is our firm, our deliberate resolution, 
rather to risque our lives & fortunes than to submit to these un- 
righteous acts of the British Parliament." Then appears in the 
records a series of patriotic papers, — "a series of which Maiden max- 
well be proud to her latest da}'." 

As a spot upon the brightness of this patriotic picture, let me call 
attention to the survival of a species of genus homo which, it is 
believed, has left our city for the city's good. He was known in 
Revolutionar}- days as '• Tory." Later, in the time of the Civil War 
he was called "Copperhead." In Cleveland's time his sobriquet 
was " Mugwump," while in our own da}' he is recognized as an 
"Anti-imperialist." But the breed is all the same. The Grand 
Army of the Republic does not hesitate to call him "Traitor;" 
and a veteran of the Grand Arm}- ought to know the article when he 
sees it. 

P^very boy wlio has studied the history of the United States knows 
that one of the principal causes of the Revolution was the enactment 
of the Stamp Act by the British Parliament in 1765. The colonists 
were terribly indignant ; and, not being represented in Parliament, 
they took the ground that "taxation without representation is 
tyranny-." The day appointed for the act to go into eflfect was uni- 
versally observed as a day of mourning. Bells were tolled and 
funeral processions were everywhere. Great meetings, and great 
speeches by Samuel Adams, James Otis, Patrick Henry, and John 
Adams aroused the people and alarmed the British government. The 
repeal of the Stamp Act followed, and there was a great rejoicing. In 
Maiden, the Tor}' element rallied its forces, and by vote the town 
refused to " pay for the powder si)ent at the Rejoyceing for the Repeal 
of the Stamp Act." 

Time fails us to tell of the parts played in those stirring days by 
the army and the navy and the men whom Maiden gave to that heroic 



128 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

struggle. Waters and Thacher and others, and earlier in civic life, 
Joseph Hills and John Wayte are the names of the leaders whom 
memory will not willingly let die. All honor to these fathers of our 
city and commonwealth. Their memories are immortal. For what 
they were and what the}' did, we meet to-day to do them reverence. 
Ages hence shall repeat their story, even as we now recall Ther- 
mopylae and Marathon. 

The courage, the self-denial, the endurance, and tlie faith of our 
fathers had tlieir sources in the word and truth of God ; and the}' 
obediently followed the pillar of His leadership. 

We have spoken of the beginnings of church life. Here the 
histor}' of our own church ought to be noted, for it was the first 
organization in 'East Maiden, and the third of the jMethodist Episcopal 
societies in the town. 

The first meeting was held by Father James Blodgett, a Methodist 
local preacher, in the year 1837, at Linden in a private house, occupied 
by Mr. Samuel Burrell, on Salem Street, near Beach Street. During 
the winter of 1839-40, a great revival followed, reaching most of the 
families in this part of Maiden. In 1840, thirty-flve of these converts 
joined the Methodist P^piscopal Church at the centre. Among them 
was Mrs. Lydia Reagh, who organized, in 1843, the first Sunda}-- 
school held in Maplewood. Joseph Cheever was superintendent; 
but for some unknown reason the school was not long-lived. In 
1850, a second attempt was made in the schoolhouse built on the 
spot where the present Grammar-School building stands. Sanford B. 
French was the first superintendent, and Wilbur F. Haven was the 
second. 

Preaching services were begun by local preacher Staples of L3'nn. 
He was followed by Rev. Edward Otheman of Chelsea, and he in 
turn by local preachers Blodgett and Poole of Lj-nn, who alternated 
in preaching. These brethren started and completed the movement 
to build a Methodist J]piscopal Church on the spot where the present 
edifice stands. On April 7, 1857, the original proposition was made 
and signed by Joshua Webster, William R. P^ernald, and James F. 
Eaton, looking to giving land and building a meeting-house. The 
deed of Webster and Fernald was signed May 15, 1857; and the 
church was probably organized between the above dates. The build- 
ing committee consisted of Silas Anderson, William R. Fernald, 
Edward Fuller, George Barker, and John Everson. 

The church edifice was dedicated in 1858. In 1861, it was de- 
stroyed by fire ; and it was rebuilt in 1863, during the pastorate of 
Rev. L. P. Frost. During the winter and spring of 1889-90, under 
the pastorate of Rev. Seth C. Car}', this latter chapel was raised, new 
vestries added, an organ-loft built and the main auditorium renovated, 



MAPLEWOOD METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 129 



new pews put in, and extensive repairs made at a cost of about fifty- 
five liundred dollars. 

The Ladies' Aid Society was organized b}' Mrs. Lydia Reagh, 
president, Mrs. Henr^' Oliver, and Mrs. Jane Fuller for the purpose 
of furnishing the first church. Their successors in honor and oflfice 
have done a great work. Mrs. E. PI Buckminster was president for 
several years, and Mrs. Evelyn M. Campbell, the present presiding 
officer, has held that position for about eighteen years. In February, 
1899, this societ}' purchased tlie pipe-organ which is now in the 
church. 

Among the names of the class-leaders who have served the churcli 
at vai'ious times, I find those of James Blodgett, William J. Buck- 
minster, John A. Spofford, and Levi W. Rockwell ; while those of 
Edward Fuller, Charles H. Wise, Arthur Bayrd, Samuel Jordan, 
Thomas Reagh, Edward T. Ravvley, Fred H. Towns, and Moses Hol- 
brook appear among the trustees, the latter having been president 
of the board for several years. 

The pastors who have served the church, in addition to those 
alread}' named are : — 



Erastiis O. Haven, 1858. 
H. P. Andrews, 1861. 
Wesley C. Sawyer, 1865. 
John W. Hamilton, 1868-69. 
C. C. Will)or, 1871. 
Isaac H. Packard, 1874. 
Charles N. Smith, 1876-77. 
R. W. Allen, 1878. 
J. H. Emerson, 1881-83. 
Seth C. Gary, 1887-89. 
J. White McCammon, 1892. 
L. W. Adams, 1894-95. 



Charles H. Sewell, 1859-60. 
L. P. Frost, 1862-64. 
Stephen dishing, 1866-67. 
James Trask, 1870. 
R. W. Copeland, 1872-73. 
Charles Young, 1875. 
George H. Clarke, 1876-77. 
S. L. Rodgers, 1879-80. 
Joseph Candlin, 1884-86. 
James W.Fulton, 1890-91. 
Henry L. Wriston, 1892-93. 
John R. Cushing, 1896- 



Let us now consider, for a moment, some of our advantages and 
responsibilities as "citizens of no mean city." 

The advantages of countr}' life to a physical constitution have 
rarely been questioned. A farmer's life for a bo}' seems theoretically 
ideal. Pure air, green' fields, wholesome food, simple habits, good 
homes, few excitements, all tend to the development of the sound 
bod}' for the sound mind that is to be. But, when childhood days 
are gone, there is no field for discipline, or action, or enjoyment like 
the city. 

When Robinson Crusoe was alo)ie on his far-famed island, he 

could go to bed when he pleased, with his boots on or off. He could 

do his washing on Wednesday just as well as on Mondaj- ; eat his 

breakfast at night and his dinner the next morning, or vice versa; 

9 



130 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and nobod}" cared. But when his man Friday appeared, the situation 
was completely changed. There were mutual rights that must be 
respected; duties that must be reciprocated; and laws, written or 
unwritten, that must be obeyed. 

The civilization of our fathers was simple; ours is complex. The 
oM civilization was individualistic; the new is collective. That was 
the age of homespun ; this is the age of the factor}'. Then men were 
independent ; now they are dependent. The typical family then was 
a little world in itself; now the world is rapidly becoming a great 
family. 

New adjustments bring new duties. As a town grows from fort}' 
persons to forty thousand, the problems in the one case are wholly 
unlike the other. Our city is an illustration in point. First, the set- 
tlement ; then, the church ; then, the school. Allotments and taxes 
follow. Then the courts, registration of deeds, highways, police, 
town crier and tithingman, sewers, libraries, works of art, transporta- 
tion, provision for the sick and the poor and the dead, and the long 
list of industrial, municipal, and national adjustments whicli marks 
the growth of a settlement, a town, a city, a state, a nation. 

Consider the advantage of mutual helpfulness. One alone cannot 
well build a church or carry on a school. One cannot build a bridge 
or launch a ship. Note the resources in our city for the enrichment 
of every life within it : libraries; literary associations ; art and archi- 
tecture ; the best means and models for the cultivation of the intel- 
lect ; the study of wise benevolence ; and the inspiration of spiritual 
attainments, — facilities inadequately found in the ordinary country 
life. Hither throng the ablest men and women of the land, famous 
in their varied professions. Hei'e are culture and retineraent at their 
highest mark. 

The city is the storehouse of the country's capital. Here are 
settled the great questions of policy and politics, trade and transpor- 
tation, fashion and finance, books and business, press and post, navy 
and nation, streets and schools, vice and virtue, crime and criminals, 
that confront the world. 

The best of everything, and the worst as well, flows to the city as 
water runs downhill. Here the intellectual powers find great stimulus. 
Men learn without study, becoming educated by induction, as it 
were. Here the individual is developed insensibly by the intelligence 
which floats upon the air he breathes. He grows dextrous and self- 
relying. He acquires tact and shrewdness by personal contact with 
men and things. 

Hence the responsibilities of dwellers in cities become momentous. 
The press, the politicians, and the pulpits of the city largely control 
the country. The churches of the cit}- are indeed lights in the world. 



ST. PAUL'S CHURCH 131 

They ought to be world-models as well. Thev are sacredly bound, 
in the divine economy, to be first in every holy enterprise, the most 
intelligent, the most liberal [)roinoters of every good work. How else 
can we explain the fact that God has sent hither vast peoi)les? 

Take the city of New York for example, where there are sixty 
thousand Italians, forty thousand countrymen of John Huss, thou- 
sands of Chinese, to say nothing of the Irish, French, Dutch, and 
Scandinavians. Wlij- are they here? Let history answer. God 
called Israel out of Egypt. He ins|)ired the heart of Columbus. He 
sent a Vermont missionary to Manila a year ago ; and He holds us 
responsible for the opportunities at our ver}' doors. These nations are 
His children. They are here to build with us the commonwealth of 
the twentieth century. They, are here to be Americanized, They 
are here, not to destroy oar Christianit}', but to be evangelized by its 
power. " To whom much is given, of him shall be much requii'ed." 

This is not the time to discuss methods of work ; but it is a time 
to look the future fairly in the face as citizens of a Christian cit}', and 
to pray mightily for the enducment of power from on Pligh. The 
Methodist ICpiscopal Church faces the century with the cry, "Two 
million souls and two million eagles in the next three 3ears ! " 
Nothing like it was ever heard before. No battle-shout of ancient 
knight ever rang out its challenge more triumphant!}' tiian do our 
leaders this day. Brethren, let us stand together for our part in tlie 
conquest of tiiis world for Christ. Then shall our translation be 
peaceful, serene, and bright from this "city of homes" to our home 
in that city whose maker and builder is God. 



ST. PAUL'S CHURCH (EPISCOPAL). 

Rev. Frederick Edwards, Rector. 

The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, falling on "Whitsunday, 
was observed in this church with services appropriate to the ecclesias- 
tical and civic occasion. The church was decorated within and with- 
out in red and white, the colors of Whitsuntide, relieved by wreaths 
and festoons of laurel. The chancel was hung with banners, on 
which were painted seals commemorative of the civil and religious 
history of the day. These were as follows : the seals of the city of 
Maiden, of old Maldon, of the count\' of Essex in P^ngland, of Massa- 
chusetts, of England, and of the United States. On the ecclesiasti- 
cal side were the emblems of St. Paul and the Trinity, and the seals 
of the Bishop of Massachusetts, the Choir Guild, and the archbishop- 



132 T]VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

rics of York and Canterbury. Back of the altar was a dorsal of ferns, 
sprayed with white stocks, against which flamed vases of red and 
yellow tulips and carnations. 

The service in the morning consisted of Morning Prayer and the 
celebration of the Holy Communion, the musical portion of which was 
of a high order and was most effectiveh' rendered. The preacher 
was the Rev, Dr. Cunningham, vicar of Great St. Mary's, Cambridge, 
England. 

In the afternoon, there was a service for the children, with appro- 
priate music and recitations. An original paper — A /Sunday Tvjo 
Hundred and Fifti/ Years Ago — was read by Miss Edith James, and 
an historical address, of which a brief abstract is here given, was 
delivered by William B. de las Casas, senior warden of the church. 

SERMON. 

BY THE REV. WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM, D.D. 
VicAK OF Great St. Mary's, and Fellow ok 
Trixitv College, Exgland. 

Hebrews xi. 10. — A city which hatli foundations, whose builder and maker is 
God. 

On the other great festivals in the Christian Year we call to mind 
some of the events in the life of our Divine Lord when He sojourned 
on earth : His birth, as on Christmas Day ; His resurrection on the 
first Easter; and His ascension into Heaven. But on Whitsunday we 
thank God for His unsiieakable gift, — for that living Spirit which 
carries on in all places and for all ages the work which Jesus Christ 
accomplished in the little land of Judea long ago. His sacred Pres- 
ence there convinced of sin : " Depart from me, for I am a sinful man, 
O Lord," said St. Peter ; the convicted accusers of the sinful woman 
slunk out one by one, while His gaze was averted. The}- dared not 
face it. And He convinced of righteousness, too : He spoke as one 
having authority ; He had the words of eternal life. And that divine 
power is working still ; it is not a thing of the past. The power of 
the world to come was brought by Him to bear on men's hearts and 
lives ; and still through His Spirit the same work is done ; the old 
truth comes home from time to time with intense force. Through 
God's Spirit we ma}' all experience the same sense of guilt before 
God and tlie Son, and the Power of God to save, as was burnt into 
the very soul of the weeping Magdalene or the penitent thief by the 
words of the Incarnate God. 

Whitsunday is the pledge of God's power to give all men and all 
races the same opportunities of personal religious experiences as were 



ST. PAUL'S CHURCH 133 

vouchsafed to those who companied with our Lord long ago. This 
festival ought to make us feel the need and the dut}- of attaining to 
deep personal conviction, like that of St. John, or St. Peter, or St. 
Paul, since God has given us the opportunit}'. We are so apt to for- 
get the importance of personal religion, personal conviction, personal 
faith. We need to cultivate a horror of sin as a contagion we guard 
our own minds against, and a sense of our own infinite littleness in the 
presence of God. Our religion is so apt to be a set of opinions that 
we feel to be useful maxims for society, important ingredients in 
civilization, etc., or an adjunct, like good manners, that is an appro- 
priate habit to wear among men, to a Christian communit}'. But 
whenever we lose the sense of personal religious needs, and cease to 
make personal efforts after religious progress, there is a danger lest 
our religion should become mere formalism, — a formal acqui- 
escence in principles or practices that have no power. There was 
need to protest against the spirit of formalism in England under 
Elizabeth and the Stuarts, as the Puritans did. But the danger of 
formalism is persistent. It is not necessarily involved in adherence 
to any religious system, and there is no profession of faith, however 
spiritual, that gives immunity from this blighting influence. It may 
by God's grace make the most simple external observances real by 
using them as the vehicles of personal devotion ; or, on the other 
hand, we may hold the most broad opinions in a formal manner, as 
things we acquiesce in, but which fail to make a deep difference to 
ourselves in our own lives. If we rely on God's promise, pledged to us 
personally in Confirmation, to give the Holy Spirit to them that ask, 
then assuredly we mav seek to-da}' for a greater measure of that best 
gift, with this special desire in our minds, that God would so move 
our hearts that all our expressions of belief, and all our confession of 
sin, and all our songs of praise and adoration shall be more habitually 
filled with deep conviction and personal devotion. 

It is not uninstructive to note the conditions which prepared the 
Apostles for the reception of the promised gift. The promise is to us, 
as it was to them., to us and to our children and to all that are afar 
off, as truly as it was to the Apostles ; perhaps if we would follow 
their example of obedience and of conscious association, we might 
inherit a fuller measure of the blessing that was so richly bestowed on 
them at Pentecost. 

The Apostles had got their instructions from the Lord, and the}' 
carried them out ; the}' were to sta}' at Jerusalem and to wait ; and 
their obedience had its reward. And we would do well to make 
simple obedience the ver}' corner-stone of our religious life, — faithful 
compliance with our Lord's command, "This do in remembrance of 
Me.'' Sunday after Sunday, the church offers the sacrifice of i)raise 



134 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and thanksgiving, and shows forth the Lord's death till He comes. 
Bnt how few there are, of those who profess to be Christians and to 
take Him as their Master, who love Him enough to obey Him in tliis 
very little thing! How can we hope to have our own life guidaneed 
and strengthened by Him, if we neglect to come into His presence 
and to thank God, as He bade us do, for His exceeding great love in 
dying for us? We must begin to keep His commandment ; we must 
obey, if we love. 

And there was to be association, too, as well as obedience ; they 
were to wait together ; when the Gift was vouchsafed they were found 
with one accord in one place. In the Old Testament times God's 
spirit was given to Moses, alone at the Burning Bush, or on Mt. 
Sinai ; to Elijah when tiie sense of his utter loneliness was strong- 
est ; and God cheers and blesses times of solitude still ; but the 
promise is made, not to the hermit only, but to the company of the 
faithful. " Where two or three are gathered together in My name, 
there am I in the midst of you ; " the agreement of disciples is put 
forwar<l by our Lord as a condition of blessing in prayer. We need 
not cultivate an isolated Christianity or a solitary- spirituality ; we 
are to seek Christian fellowship as the divinely instituted condition of 
personal progress in the religious life ; not to take our own way and 
follow our own religious devices according to taste and temperament, 
but to abide in the Apostles' doctrine, and fellowship, and breaking of 
bread, and prayers ; the more we love the brotherhood, and habituate 
ourselves to intercourse with those who are waiting for the Lord, the 
more completel}' mav the personal character be infused by that envi- 
ronment of faith, and earnestness, and devotion. 

And Christian fellowship is not merel}- a tie with the men of our 
own da}' ; we may enter into the thoughts and aspirations of the 
saints of all ages ; we ma}' seek to follow their good examples. The 
occasion which is drawing the thoughts of so man\' strangers s\'m- 
pathetically to Maiden to-day illustrates this deep truth. This week 
you are feeling keenly the civic enthusiasm that is kindled b}' 
the memory of a long and honorable past. The character of a city, 
the tone of a communit}' is indeed a thing to be proud of; it is a 
great practical force for good. We know that in regard to ever}' 
young man who starts in life there is a question as to the place where 
he was born and bred, and that the reputation of tiie community 
where he was reared, with its probable in)press on his personal habits, 
is a thing we all take account of. It is important to work for the 
good name of a civic community now ; and nothing does more to raise 
the tone of any town than to cherish the memory of worthy ances- 
tors and to look back on the blameless reconi of many years. A 
good name is as good as a heritage — aye, and better, too. The 



ST. PAUL'S CHURCH 135 

worthy lives of your forefathers are a constant reminder of personal 
duty to-day ; and therefore it is that you do well to meet liere and 
thank God for tlie memories of the past, — of the good men furnished 
with ability and living peaceal)ly in their habitations, who were hon- 
ored in their generation, and the glory of their time. Some have left 
a name behind, and some there be which have no memorial, but whose 
rigliteousness has not been forgotten. And while you are feeling the 
glory of your long heritage and tlie aspiration of long memories so 
strongly, will you not resolve to make use of the same ennobling prin- 
ciple as it ai)plies in anotlier sphere, not only in civic but in church 
life, not only in regard to secular good citizenship, but in regard 
to vour Christian calling to life in a city tiiat hath foundations, whose 
builder and maker is God? It is no mere principal place of which 
the epistle speaks, but a spiritual community, with noble traditions 
and an unending future, a city resting on the one foundation laid 
by Jesus Christ, and builded by the witnesses of His Apostles, with 
all the glorious companionship of martyrs and heroes, of those who 
have struggled and those who have suffered for the faith that is theirs 
and ours. 

As we look back on the history of any civic community, we feel 
how much the life and interest of men in bygone generations dif- 
fered from ours. Their struggle for existence was not the same as 
ours, for we have entered into their labors. The arrangements about 
five-aci'e lots, and shares in the meadow and the common, all tell of 
a life that is quite unlike that of a flourishing town to-day ; but it is 
not so in the deepest aspects of human life, in the Communion of 
Saints. Man's relations to the Eternal abide while the ages pass ; 
there is the same reality in sin, the same truth of pardon, the same 
effort after progress, the same pledges of God's eternal love, — their 
experience was ours. In these experiences we may be at one with all 
our fellow-citizens in the Christian Church, Our great High Priest 
has carried with Him to the Heaven of Heavens a sense of our infirm- 
ities, and the Saints of God have known what it is to struggle with 
sin, what it is to aim at coming nearer and nearer to God. If we too 
strive as they did, we too shall inherit the blessing. Encouraged by 
their example, let us seek for a new fulfilment of the old promise 
by obedience to our Lord's commands, by abiding in the Apostles' 
fellowship. Let us not forsake the assembling of ourselves together, 
but cherish habitual intercourse with our neighbors who wait for the 
Lord ; let us lif& up our hearts, too, to the cloud of witnesses that 
compasses us about. So shall we run our course with patience, 
looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith. 



136 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



THE OLD CHURCH. 

Abstract of an Address delivered hy William J), de las Casas. 

On October 17, 1861, ten people associated themselves together to 
form Grace Church, the first Episcopal society in Maiden. At first 
they worshipped in private houses, then in a small hall, and finally, for 
the most part, in the hall over the station of the Boston and Maine 
Railroad, which then stood at the corner of Pleasant and Summer 
Streets. 

About the year 1865, regular services were discontinued ; and the 
worsliippers met only at long intervals. On Easter Sunday, 1866, a 
service was held in the old Methodist meeting-house, in which is now 
the office of the Maiden Evening Mail. On January 13, 1867, 
regular services were renewed, first at private houses, then in the 
rooms of the Young Men's Christian Association in Waito's Block, 
where is now the office of the Maiden Mirror, and finallv again in the 
hall over the Boston and Maine Railroad station, until the present 
church was built. 

On April 21, 1867, these worshippers organized under a special act 
of the Legislature as St. Paul's Church and Parish, and absorbed the 
outstanding legal rights of the former Grace Church. Rev. George 
P. Huntington was the first rector. He began his ministrations here, 
while yet a deacon, April 17, 1868, became i-ector, Ma^- 25, 1869, and 
resigned on account of ill health, October 4, 1884. He was succeeded 
by Rev. John Milton Peck, who was elected, February 22, 1885, and 
resigned, September 1, 1887. Rev. George Alexander Strong was the 
next rector. He was elected, October 15, 1887, and resigned, Sep- 
tember 1, 1890. 

Rev. Samuel Richard Fuller took charge of the parish, January 
12, 1891, was elected rector, April 18, 1891, and resigned upon ter- 
minating his connection with the church and diocese in Ma}-, 1896. 
Rev. Fredeiick Edwards, the present incumbent, was elected rector 
and took charge of the parish, December 1, 1896. 

The early 3ears of Grace Church were 3'ears of hard work in a 
then unfruitful soil. The struggle for existence was almost as hard 
in the first years of St. Paul's Church and Parish ; but the patience 
and faitlifulness of the first rector laid a broad and strong foundation. 
Growth was slow, but sure, for many 3ears. Earnestness and sim- 
plicit}' in teaching and tlie conduct of the services and the temporal 
affairs of the parish characterized the work of each succeeding rector ; 
and now, under the present rector, a more rapid growth has resulted. 
St. Paul's Church promises to be one of the strong churches of the 
citv in the near future. 



LTNDEN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 137 

LINDEN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

The Rev. E. Stuart Best, Pastor. 

SERMOX BY THE PASTOR. 

Acts xxi. 39. — A citizen of uo mean city. 

Rhetoricians, when they wish to avoid anything that looks egotistic 
or bombastic in their style, often express a positive idea in a negative 
form. Tt was so with St. Paul in our text. Wishing to favorably 
impress the officer, who was leading him into custody, with the dignity 
and grandeur of his birthplace, he speaks of himself as " a citizen of 
no mean city." All the Greek and Roman historians, from Xenophon 
to Strabo, contirm the statement of the Apostle; for b}' its wealth, 
grandeur, and intelligence, Tarsus was ever considered the rival of 
Antioch and Athens. 

What St. Paul affirms of his birthplace, we mdy to-daj^ with some 
degree of propriety apply to our own municipalit}', and rejoice, on this 
the two hundred and tiftieth anniversary of its founding, that we are 
"citizens of no mean city." We have everything of which Tarsus, 
the capital of Cilicia, could be proud, and hundreds of other things of 
which the people of that old cit\- never dreamed. We have churches, 
schools, libraries, hos[)itals, literai-y and benevolent institutions, and 
mercantile and manufacturing establisliments, which cannot be sur- 
passed b}' those of any citv of its size in our conmionwealth ; and if 
unsurpassed in Massachusetts, they have no better in the world. 

Where is the secret of our success and prosperity-? Geographi- 
call\', our nearness to the capital of our commonwealth has led us to 
catcli the overflow of the population of the crowded metropolis, and 
has made our city a city of homes. But this is not enough to account 
for our rapid grow^tli and wonderful development along all the lines of 
munici[)al prosperity. In 1881, wlien Maiden first received a cit}' 
charter, her population was twelve thousand and three hundred souls. 
It is now, eighteen years after that event, thirty-three thousand, — 
showing an increase of twenty thousand and seven hundred, or nearly 
a threefold increase. But nearness to a great city will not always 
account for the rapid increase of a smaller one. We have known of 
once thriving towns stripped of their trade and their prosperit}', and 
blighted because of their nearness to overshadowing cities, and left to 
decline and wither on their outskirts. We must look further than 
location, or an}- other material cause, before w-e can account for our 
prosperity. Moral, not material, factors have mainly wrought these 
favorable results. The founders of our cit}', like the founders of all 
New England, were men of strength, integrit}', patriotism, and in- 



138 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

dustrv. They were this and much more than this. They were men 
and women of fervent piety. They feared God and wrought right- 
eousness, and thus proved that "godliness is profitable unto all 
things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to 
come." 

James Russell Lowell has said: "Find me any spot ten miles 
square on the surface of this earth, where human life and pro))erty of 
every kind has the strongest protection ; the place where society is 
the most enlightened and congenial ; the place whicli you would select 
to establish 30ur home and bring up your family, and I will show you 
that all these advantages grow out of the Christian religion." 

We thus see that prosperity of every kind has its root in religion. 
In its ultimate analysis, it will be found that religion of some kind is 
necessary for the existence of society. Indeed, without it humanity 
must perish and in a few generations be swept from off the face of the 
earth. France, at the close of the last century, made the rash exper- 
iment of trying to get along without religion. Atheism was fast driv- 
ing the nation to destruction and chaos. Soon France was forced to 
return to her religion, and, bad as it was, found in it the onh' escape 
from utter ruin. 

We look around to-day, with an honorable pride, upon all that 
makes our cit}- beautiful, peaceful, and prosperous ; and we give praise 
for all these blessings to Him who on the cross redeemed mankind, 
and with His life purchased all the blessings which give us jo}- in time 
and hope beyond the grave. It is the Christian conscience of the 
communit}- which has driven the rum traffic from our midst and has 
erected a rampart of ballots around us, which, like the dikes of Hol- 
land, preserve our fair land from the waves which rage around us. It 
is something to boast of this day that never, since the passage of 
local option laws, has this city allowed the rum-fiend to legally set 
foot upon her soil to blight the fair heritage which we hope to hand 
down to our children without the presence of one accursed saloon. 

It is to the Christian religion we owe the eminent men who are 
doing so much for the public good and shed a lovely lustre upon the 
citj' of their choice. Of the many of whom honorable mention might 
be made, we select two from the constellations of the present, and two 
from the luminaries of the past. The Hon. Elisha S. Converse, donor 
of our magnificent public library, whose intelligence and piety have led 
him to secure for the present and future generations a fountain of 
health and joy, whose refreshing streams are flowing deep and wide, 
and will continue to deepen, widen, and grow away beyond the power 
of human intelligence to estimate. 

The next, his Honor, the chief magistrate of our municipality, 
Charles L. Dean, a man meek and powerful, like the great Jewish 



LTNDEN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 139 

legislator ; a man of few words, but of mighty deeds, who brings things 
to pass without noise or show, whose gentleness has made him great. 

Of the past, there are two fixed stars that first arose in Maiden ; 
and still the^- shine with increasing splendor and every land rejoices 
in their light. There is Adoniram Judson, the great apostle of Burmah, 
whose learning, eloquence, and zeal, his self-sacrifice and heroic en- 
durance, the Christ-like devotion of his life to God and humanity 
mark him out as a man of whom Maiden may be proud, while the 
noble army of martyrs, to which he now belongs, may glory in his 
achievements. The influence of his holy life is as deep, enduring, and 
powerful as the ocean in which he rests. Of Tarsus, it can no longer 
be said that it is no mean city. Time and war have brought desola- 
tion to the metropolis of Cilicia. The only thing that gives it interest 
now to the civilized world is that it was the birthplace of St. Paul. 
So it may be with Maiden. It may have its decline and fall like other 
places of historic fame ; but never will redeemed Burmah or the Chris- 
tian world foi'get that Maiden was the birthplace of Adoniram Judson. 

The other name, dear to many of the living and cherished by the 
saints above, is that of the Christian scholar, philanthropist, reformer, 
and orator who was born in this citj'. His grave is with us, a hallowed 
spot, dear to every lover of his country, his fellow-men, and God. 
Bishop Gilbert Haven, as Father Taylor used to say, "had a heart 
as open as a sunflower and as big as a sugar hogshead." 

Next to Garrison and Phillips he was the mightiest of the giants 
wlio broke the fetters on the limbs of three millions of slaves, trans- 
forming them from chattels into American freemen. Well did these 
colored brothers remember their benefactor ; for the sufl^rage of their 
ministers, in our general conference, raised him to the episcopac}' of 
the Metliodist Church. His name is with us still as ointment poured 
forth. His death was a glorious translation from time to immor- 
tality. Where some encounter " death's cold flood," he declared, " I 
see no ri\er here. I am floating away to God in a sea of light." A 
little poem [by PI Stuart Best], a tribute to his memory, published in 
several of the religious papers at the time of his death, may tell us 
how greatly he was loved and his loss lamented. 

IN MEMORIAM. 

GREATHKAUT THE SECOND. 

Greatheart ! thy work is done ; Greatheart ! all o'er the lands 

Thy rest is nobly won ; Both white and .sable hands 

And thou art blessed. In grief do wring. 

The Son of God hath come ; We miss thy words of cheer, 

Safely Me led thee home. We miss thee, brother dear, 

Rest, brother, rest. Sad songs we sing. 



140 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Greatheart ! we '11 not complain, 
Thine the eternal gain ; 

Why should we sigh, 
When severed loved ones meet 
Where saints and martyrs greet, 

In ecstasy on high ? 

Greatheart! at eventide 
A light doth still abide, 

Bright on thy way. 
It lights the valley's gloom. 
It glows within the tomb, 

And brings the day. 

Greatheart ! thou art not dead. 
Beyond our vision fled 

A seraph bright. 
No more from flying wing 
Shall falling feather bring 

News of thy flight. 



Greatheart ! thy foes are fled. 
See ! their grim king is dead. 

To reign no more. 
Comrade, the battle 's fought. 
Onward to victory brought, 

Conquei'or and more. 

Greatheart ! a crown is thine, 
Jewelled by hands divine 

For thine own brow. 
He who was crowned with thorns 
Thus all his saints adorns : 

Receive it now. 

Greatheart ! a pilgrim band, 
AVe watch thy waving hand 

Beyond the sea. 
We '11 breast the flowing tide. 
Eager to reach thy side. 

We press to thee. 



As we look through the lustre of the present to the dim past of 
two hundred and fifty years, and trj- to imagine how the accumulated 
forces of the present maj' make the future still more glorious, we feel 
like saying with the Psalmist, " The lines are fallen unto me in pleas- 
ant places ; yea, I have a goodly heritage." Let us acknowledge the 
debt we owe to the past by transferring to the future, with accumu- 
lated interest, the property and principles from which emanate all 
the blessings that we this day celebrate and enjoy. We sum them all 
up in one word, — PIETY. " Righteousness exalteth a nation : but 
sin is a reproach to an}- people." If the greater comprehends the less, 
we are strictly logical when we say, "■ Righteousness exalteth a city, 
and sin is a reproach to any and all of its citizens." Keep sin out 
and we are safe. Somebody brought over to the Scotch colonists in 
New Zealand some seeds of their national emblem, the thistle. Those 
seeds were distributed and planted carefully in their gardens ; and in 
that salubrious climate and fertile soil the thistles grew to enormous 
size and multiplied with alarming increase. Their winged and wafted 
seeds filled the air and rooted themselves wherever the3-fell. At first 
the Scotch people cherished them and wept over them as admired 
mementos of their native land ; but soon the question arose, " How can 
we get rid of these noxious weeds? They are destroying our sheep- 
walks ; the}- ruin all our fields." The lesson of the illustration is this : 
Keep sin out and we are safe. Keep sin out of Maiden and it will 
soon be a second Eden, growing in beauty, splendor, and power, until 
the millennium dawns and Jerusalem the Golden comes down " from 
God out of heaven, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband." 



FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH 141 

FIRST UNITARIAN CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

Rev. L. Flktciiek Snapp, Pastor. 

At this church a musical service was rendered by the church choir, 
during which Rudyaid Kipling's Recessional was effectiA^ely read b}' 
the well-known elocutionist, Edwin M. Shepherd. 

MEMORIAL ADDRESS. 
By the Pastor. 

Were a stranger to pass through our city to-day it would be easy for 
him to tell by the gala display and sundry inscriptions tiiat we are 
beginning the celebration of one of our great municipal birthdays. 
Perhaps the first impression as to our age, judging from the new- 
ness of the buildings and the first-class condition of our streets and 
parks, is that we are beginning the celebration of our first centennial. 
For surely there is nothing apparent to the eye of a casual observer 
which would denote great antiquity in our municipal life. But this 
impression is soon dissipated when the stranger's eye catches the 
legend " 1649-1899.'" Then he knows that the freshness and newness 
of life and habitation about him has a foundation of a quarter-millen- 
nial standing. 

I can imagine him then ejaculating, " Well, well, but where are the 
footprints and the landmarks of the ancient life of this new and beau- 
tiful city?" And so eager is he to peruse another chapter of the 
fathers that, as he reads the placards here and there, a veritable world 
of "ye olde style " and quaintness in the days of the fathers opens up 
to him, and he breathes the atmosphere of two hundred and fifty years 
ago. But I dare saj that his mind dwells more on the goodly things 
and happy events than upon the folly and burdens of that day. 

From a stranger's im[)ressions we may get our cue for the retro- 
spection we are beginning to make. 

It is a wise and generous disposition of biographers to preserve 
and emphasize the good and noble deeds of a life rather than to place 
upon record the despicable and weak things which sooner or later find 
themselves written in the nature of most every career, as a badge of 
man's imperfection. There is enough of the vain and weak in the 
present time to be a menace and warning to all who might be moved 
by the portraiture of the dark side of the past. I would not have you 
infer that the city of ^lalden has a dark side for which she should be 
ashamed. She has not. But she has had her common allotment of 



142 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

strife iincl difficulty, which, in many instances, if dwelt upon, would 
not make our retrospection as joyful a one as it maj- otherwise be. 
There is "a time to weep, and a time to laugh ; a time to mourn and 
a time to dance." This is a time "to laugh and to dance;" for 
weeping and mourning would not be in keeping with the brilliant 
festoon, the gala parade, and the sound of triumi)hant music. There 
are those who make use of a time of this soit to rake over the old 
coals of dissension and strife, and give vent to the pent-up bitterness 
of their hearts. But this is a sad misuse of a rare opportunity. 

It would be an unnatural thing for friends who had been enemies 
once in the line of their ancestry or association to dig up the hatchet 
at the time of their reunion, and fight again the battles of old factions 
and feuds. These should lie deeply buried, and a hearty hand-shake 
should take place over their graves. 

It was a custom among the ancient Jews that every fiftieth year 
was a Sabbatical year, a year of Jubilee, when ''instead of the 
thorn should come up the fir tree, and instead of the brier should 
come up the myrtle tree." In that happy year, all schisms and strifes, 
debts and bonds were forgotten. Slaves were liberated and debts 
were cancelled, and the rich shared their wealth with the poor. To the 
high and low, to the rich and poor, to the bond and free, it was a 
year of good-will, and of charit}' and peace. 

This is a Jubilee in the life of the city of Maiden, and happy it is ; 
but far happier it would be if more of the Hebrew spii-it could enter 
into its celebration, — to such an extent, at least, that no one would 
be allowed to go hungrj', or illy clad, or scantily sheltered when there 
is so much rejoicing. In a cit}" of so much wealth, such strong insti- 
tutions, and such large-hearted ness, the only sadness which should 
find a place in our hearts in this time of our Jubilee is that which 
may accrue from an}- indication that our present methods and institu- 
tions are inadequate to the demands of our city. 

It is not my intention to give an historical sketch of the life of 
Maiden, for I do not assume an historian's role, however humbly ; l)ut 
what observations I make shall be to me of a striking and moral 
import, founded upon the best authority available. 

Shakespeare has written that " some are born great, some achieve 
greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon them." 

The city of Maiden had no princely nor brilliant birth, nor was 
prestige, wealth, and prosperity forced upon her, neither can we say 
that she has achieved greatness. 

I have in mind three characters : one having had a goodly birth, yet 
withal thriftless and ambitionless, and consequently marked by a dearth 
of achievement ; the second, of a humble or proud birth, as it may be, 
who, through native force and brilliance or sheer luck and good fortune, 



FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH 143 

could scarce!}' restrain the bestowing of honor and prosperity upon 
him ; the third, of an ordinary- birth, of commonplace ability', yet pos- 
sessed of an enterprise and determination such as, notwithstanding 
much difficulty and embarrassment, has forced the issue of a good and 
successful, yet ordinary life. 

To the last of these characters, I would liken the life of Maiden. 
Historical!}-, she was not I)orn great, as the town of Plymouth ; nor has 
she had greatness tlirust upon her, as the town of Lexington ; nor has 
she achieved what we might call greatness, tiiough she has achieved 
that which might be better than greatness. 

That which has made our nation great among nations lies in the 
genius of democracy. The strength and sinew, the marrow and bone 
of our great commonwealth is the spirit of public opinion which 
emanates from the common people. According to our traditions, 
neither the high nor the low are dominant. The power of our coun- 
try is not in its adornments nor in its frizzled edges, but in the warp 
and woof inwrought wMth a common heritage and a common life. 

Such a greatness is the achievement of the city of Maiden, stand- 
ing as a wise and sober civilian to defend the right and spurn the 
wrong, to send her sons to the wars when great principles are at 
stake, to stand for peace and i)rosperity throughout the land. In 
this may her bulwarks be formidable and insuperable, and her towers 
of mighty strength and lasting endurance. May her good name, as 
that of a good and wise though common yeoman, be proclaimed 
abroad in this our great anniversary time. 

Maiden has had her allotment of pioneering, of homespun career- 
ing, her share of slavery, of warring v/ith the savages and with 
inimical civilization. She has had her struggles and strifes, her 
heartaches and failures; but she has had her l)rawn and good-will, 
her self-denials and chastenings, her determination and industry, her 
opportunities and achievements. 

Once a colonial settlement which struggled for existence, she is 
now^ a city of thirt}-tln-ee thousand souls. Fj-om a school-room meas- 
uring 1GX'20 feet, she has now magnificent institutions of learning, 
which are nowhere excelled for the purposes to which they are dedi- 
cated. From the stocks and pillory of public disgrace, the city now 
helps to maintain industrial schools and reformatories. P^rom a com- 
mon parish meeting-house, she has now many prosperous churches, 
laboring in their own peculiar way to fulfil the mission to wliich God 
has ordained them. From the influence of a few embittered factions, 
she has now, other than the great religious organizations, many non- 
sectarian societies, secret and open, which contribute in peculiar 
ways to the welfare and prosperity of the city. From the solitary 
gong on Bell Rock, there is heard now the siren, and fog-horn, the 



144 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

chimes, the peals of clocks, and the buzz of wheels impelled by the 
subtle electricity. Instead of the lonely post and stage, there are now 
the animated wire and fier}' trams, — the insignia of a new era. All 
these proclaim a great and wonderful transformation. 

Yet old things are not done away, even though they have sub- 
served their purpose. As we unlock the old chest and unfold the old 
silken gown and stocking of a distant ancestr}- ; as we listen to the 
" tick-tock " of the ancient clock; as we finger the flint-lock of the 
frontiersman, and look with interest upon the silhouette of a grand- 
sire, — so, as a city, we again review the signs of olden times, and 
follow in our memorials the hazardous trail of our forefathers. We 
catch the spirit of the jocund simplicity and ingenuous hilaritj' of 
" ye good olde tymes " when we thus " drink again from the well that 
is b}' the gate of Bethlehem." 

In eulog}' and in demonstration, we again span the distance of 
time and events between the old times and the present, and alike 
rejoice in the quaint joy of our fathers and the felicity which we ex- 
perience in having coramendablv profited by our worth}' inheritance. 

The incipiency of Maiden was not unlike that of many of the 
early towns of New England. Her settlers were from among 
Governor "Winthrop's people. For nearlv two decades, she was a 
part of the town of Charlestown, and perhaps would be yet, but for 
the mystic sheet of water which so often gives to the people on either 
bank their peculiarity and differing purposes. 

Those indomitable people were as sturdy as the oak. In no way did 
they show the test of hardships more than in their religious zeal. 
Cheerfully thev rafted the Mystic River or walked upon its ice, 
through snow and rain, to their meeting-house in Cherton, or Charles- 
town, where the word of God was dispensed to them. How they 
would have laughed at the delicate people of to-day who cannot go a 
half-mile to church because of a little rain or a threatening shower, 
or because the day is bright enough for a drive. In their homespun 
apparel, with musket, powder-horn, and psalm-book read}' at hand 
to protect them alike from dangers seen and unseen, from foes of the 
heart and foes of the flesh, the}' would sometimes trudge for fifteen or 
twenty miles for the meat and drink of the spiritual hfe. 



'So once for fear of Indian beating, 
Our grandsires bore their guns to meeting, — 
Each man equipped on Sunday morn, 
With psalm-book, shot, and powder-horn, 
And looked in form, as all must grant, 
Like the ancient true Church Militant." 

(Trumbull, in McFingal.) 



FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH 145 

There is a, church in the Back Bay, overtovvered by a lofty apart- 
ment-hoiise, wiiich is really the birthplace of the ecclesiastical lil'e of 
Maiden. Tlie First Churcli of Boston was the organized body of the 
little band of Charlestown ; and after the lapse of two years from the 
organization of the First Church of lioston, from its fold the church 
of Charlestown was organized. Out of the f(jld of Charlestown, the 
clnu'ch of Maiden was organized, tliereby making, in direct lineage, 
the ecclesiastical history of Maiden to spring from the fourth oldest 
religious body in New England, — none having the i)riority, save the 
churches of Plymoulli, Salem, and Dorchester, and not more than ten 
or eleven years at that. 

If to-day we woi'e to hold a service in commemoration, sucli as 
our fathers held in "ye olde Meeting IIous," with its usual appoint- 
ments and accessories, I fear you would grow restive, if not bitter, 
befoi'e we could get tlirougii with it. 

In the first place, our lionored parisii committee, otherwise 
deacons, would seat you all " as betokens your dignity," reserving 
for tiiemselves a raised pew in front of the pul[)it in order that due 
decorum be maintained. If any of you stood higher in the life of the 
community on accoinit of wealth or olHcial position, you would be 
bi'ought forward to the front seats of honoi', as betokens your dig- 
nity, and the rest of 3"ou would be seated in commoner [)ews nearer 
the rear or the front, as betokens your dignity in tlie eyes of the 
deacons, until all of you should be duly seated. iS'or must you 
be envious, nor offer any protest, for the parish decreeth that 
you must be seated according to •' ye discresing of ye deacons." 
And tlien, not having a Sunday-school, after the manner of the 
fathers, 1 could consinne one, three, or five hours in giving you 
some goodly advice and admonition concerning 3our habits and 
conduct. Then after one or two prayers, liymns, and benediction, 
3'ou could I'egale _yourselves from your frugal repast jirepared 
on Saturday. After half an hour, or an hour, you should return 
with due decorinn in the afternoon for a similar chastening and 
admonition concerning the errors of your ways. And if any of 
you should prove delinquent in the words of my teaching, or in 
attendance, or in sup[)orting the meeting with wood, corn, or h:\\\ von 
would be duly punished by fine, if not disgraced by being di'piived of 
the rights of a freeman l)y excommunication. 

In all this we see that the dominance of the church in the l»egin- 
niug of New England life was a lingering of the union of church and 
state in ^Mother England. I i-ead from Mr. Corey's iiistory tliat '• the 
gathering of the churcli was the beginning of political life; for in it 
lay the roots of secular as well as ecclesiastical autiioi-ity. Out of it 
came the town and state; and on its usages were based the usages 

10 



146 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

and forms of priiiiaiy assemblies, elections, and courts. Cluircli-mem- 
bers were the only freemen of the colony." To this custom is also due 
the line deftly and mystical!}' drawn between the church and parish. 
And I believe it to be an improvement, as instanced by the action 
of man}- churches, to do away with this line and make the church and 
parish virtually one ; thereby obviating many difliculties and mis- 
understandings, which in this " work-aday " life and usage are 
peri)etuated as customs of the fathers ; and which, like many other 
things which have sul^served their purposes in da3s gone b\', are of 
no real use to us an}' longer. 

We should not be hasty in changes, specially in radical changes, 
yet when other parts of our new machinery demand, we should use 
the hardened steel ball-bearings instead of the hand-wrought rusty 
and creaky axle of iron. 

Now, inasmuch as we are not holding a service according to the 
old-fashioned ways, and I have not at command even so much as one 
hour for " ye breaking of ye seals,''! -will conclude with a moral 
concerning the name which our city bears. 

In 1G38, the town of Charlestown voted that the land which now 
constitutes more or less of the township of Maiden be reserved " for 
such desirable i)ersons as sliould be received in, — such as may come 
with another minister." Tiiis land was designated as that 1} ing " at 
the head of the five acie lots and running in a straiglit line from 
Powder Horn Hill to the head of North River with three hundred 
acres above Cradock's farm." 

It will suffice us to assume that what we now know as the city of 
Maiden occupies at least a considerable part of this designated plot 
of land ; and vve may likewise assume that in due time after this 
land was set aside "desirable ijevsons" occupied it, seeing they came 
for the most part from the true and tried settlement of Charlestown. 
And, too, these desirable persons, through more or less difficulty, event- 
ually succeeded in bi'inging a minister with them. The organization 
was effected and the town named. 

Now it seems that the person of greatest dignity, Joseph Hills, 
had the honor of naming the town from his old home in England — 
Maldon. In this name our city has a heritage which dates back to 
the beginning of the Christian era. Tiie town of Maldon in I^ssex, 
England, was, if the historian is accurate, the ancient Camalodunum, 
once the capitol of Cunobeline, or Cyml»eline, — an old British king, — 
and the seat of the first Roman colony in Great Britain. Cymbeline 
flourished in the fourth year of the Christian era. This Roman colony 
was established by the Em[)eror Claudius, and the Saxon population 
gave it the name " Mael-dune," IMael signifving " a cross " and Dune 



ST. LUKE'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH 147 

" a liill." So ill our name we have a heritage alike from the Romans 
and the Saxons. The hand of Chiudins and the liand of the ancient 
Britisher is laid upon us, not to impart a l)urden, but a moral truth 
with no uncertain sound, and one which shall redound to our municipal 
and ecclesiastical glory, if the lesson thereof would be the tocsin of 
our future tiiought and feeling. 

How natural and suggestive is the name of the first spot in the 
initiative- of our struggling cit3-, — the name of "Bell-Mont Hill"! 
the hill upon whose summit the bell spoke to the people, and gath- 
ered them together, alike for religious or worldl}- counsel ; the bronze 
throat hard by the humble ineeting-house where the people's Cross 
was made one with their Slirine? 

Was it a mere coincidence, or the wisdom of Joseph Hills, that 
this place was called Mael-dune, Maiden, — " the Cross upon a 
Hill"'? Wliether l)y design or accident, through the Bell Rock, we 
have received a lesson worthy of municipal pride from the lieart of 
Cymbeline and Claudius. 

Nor may the city of Maiden, the Cross upon a Hill, have received 
her name in vain. JNIay slie stand for wliat the highest principles of 
Christianity stand : for labor and love ; for perseverance and achieve- 
ment ; for truth, justice, and temperance. Ma}' her very name be the 
"IN HOC SIGNO VINCE8"of her future 'life, as lasting and as 
solid as the native I'ock from wliich tlie tocsin and the call were alike 
sounded. And in other Jubilees of lier existence, those great birth- 
days in her life, amid flying flags and triumphant pjeans, the insignia 
of industrial and political progress, let there be heard the not uncer- 
tain salutation of peace and good-will from the spirit of the Bell, — 
from the Cross upon the Hill. 



ST. LUKE'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH, LINDEN. 

Rev. Albeht Daxkeh, Ph.D., Reclor. 

At this church, the rector preached an historical sermon at tiie 
morning service, after music appropriate to tiie occasion rendered b}' 
tlie surpliced choir. It being Wliitsundaj-, the Hoi}' Communion was 
celebrated. 

MALDEX. 

An Abstract of a Sermon PreacJied hi] tlie Rector. 

1 Kino;s viii. .■)7. Tlio Lord our God be with us, as lie was with our fathers : 
let liiin not leave us, nor forsake us. 

WiTiLK our own ]\Ialden is celebrating her two liundred and fiftieth 
anniversary, the ancient motlier town of iMaldon in County Essex, Eng- 



148 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

land, is approaching lier one tliousandtli birtlida}-. Onr own fair cit}' 
appears but as a babe in swatliing bands compared with such an 
antiquit}', reaching nearly ten centinies into the past. Much time 
could be taken in detailing the quaint customs existing in our mother 
town, but present day affairs usurp our attention. 

How our town has grown since the early colonial days ! Wjiat 
changes have come, ecclesiastical and civil, since the far away times 
when the old bell on Bell Rock called the early settlers to prayers ! 
Few cities in the neighborhood of Boston exhibit the material growth 
of our own fair municipality. Industry and thrift characterize its inhabi- 
tants ; its churches are many and well filled ; its public schools have 
ever^- modern convenience for training the young; while ever}- year 
adds to the growth of its i)opulation. Ento per]:etua, be our pi-ayer ; 
and ma}' the (Jood Lords benediction forever lighten upon us in all 
its breadth and fullness ! 

But another great anniversary, which must not be forgotten, is 
celebrated to-day, besides our two hundred and fiftieth commemo- 
ration. On this day, Whitsunday, three hundred and fifty years ago, 
the first Prayer Book, that of Edward VI., was set forth for use in 
the Church of England, a i)riceless heiitage and a well of perpetual 
grace to mankind. 

In the epistle for to-day, the festival of the Descent of the Holy 
Ghost, we read that tiie Ai)0stles were all with one accord in one 
place upon the Day of Pentecost. Tliis is a striking picture of the 
love as brethren, and of the liarniony, unity, and concord wliich 
should always animate our communilv and the Church of Christ. 

Herein lies our strength as a parish and as a city, each working 
together with the other, and sinking individual opinions and disagree- 
ments in laliors for the general good. " United we stand ; di\ided 
we fall." If God be for us, no one can stand against us. 

Eemcmber to-da\- our sainted ancestors in church and state, and 
the long line of venei'ated dead who cemented the fabric of our civil 
and religious liberty. Peace to tlicir souls ! JMay tiiey ever rest 
in Paradise, guarded by the eye of Almighty Love, until the resurrec- 
tion of the just. 

King Solomon tells us in the text at the dedication of the tem[)le, 
" The Lord our God be with us, as He was witli our fathers." Here 
is a stimulus and encouragement for us to-day. Tiien close up the 
colunni, brethien and fellow-citizens, link tight your hands, stand 
shoulder to shoulder ; and filled with bi-ight faith and glowing zeal, 
you shall see tiie church and our dear city towers of strength, by 
God's blessing, in the generations to come. 



THE FREE CATHOLIC SCHOOLS 149 

Services of a commemorative nature were held at all the churches 
and chapels in the city. At the Linden Congregational Church, Rev. 
J. Cris. Williams, pastor, the discourse of the morning was based on 
John iv. 38: " Otlier men labored, and ye are entered into their 
labors." The thought empliasized was, our relation to the past and 
future, in which we are debtors to the past and creditors of the future ; 
and a concise view of the history of the town was presented. The fine 
quartet of the church rendered appropriate selections, and a poem, 
written for the occasion by Mrs. P^meline W. Pratt of Revere, was 
read. 

The I'rogiessive Spiritualist Society held a service in the evening, 
at which historical addresses were made by the president, William M. 
Barber, and by George II. Ryder, and otliers. Mrs. Clara L. Fagan, 
in an interesting address, spoke of the leading families of the old town 
and related incidents in tiie lives of those who have passed awa}'. 



CELEBRATION BY THE FREE CATHOLIC kSCHOOLS 

OF THE PARISH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. 

At 1.30 P.M., the children of all grades, from the grammar school 
graduating classes to the little ones of the kindergarten, numbering in 
all over eleven hundred, assembled in the schoolhouses on Highland 
Avenue, and forming ranks marched out to the sweet music of the 
Adeste, Jideles, played by the band of the Working Boys' Home, 
Boston. In orderly ranks, with perfect discipline, they proceeded to 
the Anniversary Building and quickly filled the seats on the stage and 
the side galleries. 

The weather during the da}' was unpropitious, and a heavy rain 
was falling when the exercises were concluded ; but the forethought 
of the Sisters of Notre Dame had caused all [)recautions to be taken 
to ensure the protection and comfort of the little ones. 

It was a beautiful sight when the long galleries were filled, the 
girls dressed in white and many of the boys in soldier and sailor 
suits ; and the admirable order which was maintained bj- the children 
was the subject of much comment. No more important and interest- 
ing meetings than those of the schools on Saturday and Sunda}' 
afternoons marked the celebration ; and both were occasions long to 
be remembered by those who witnessed as well as b}' those who partici- 
pated in them. 

An immense audience of the parents and friends of the children, 
graduates of the schools, and others, filled the vast auditorium to 



150 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

overflowing. His Honor the Mayor, members of the school commit- 
tee and of the cit\- government, and other invited guests occupied the 
front gallery facing the stage. 

The program was carried tlirough with promptness ; and its 
several numbers were received with much applause. The tableaux 
were presented with effect by the girls; and the military drill by 
the School Cadets, and the oar and foil drills were received with 
enthusiasm. The band of the Working Boys' Home of Boston en- 
livened the exercises hy its well performed selections. The order of 
exercises was as follows : — 

ORDER OF EXERCISES. 

Opexing Chorus — " What is the Land we love so well ? " Young. 
PuoLOGUK. — Recitation. — " The Story of our City is the History of our 
Land." 

^art Yi.— Disrobfvu. 
Rfxitatiox. — " Columbus." 

Part H. — Settlement. 

Puritan j\Iaids in Dialogue and Song — Pocahontas — Marjland Girls in May- 
Pole Dance — Quaker Maidens. 

Part IJE3r. — (ir{)e JDaiun of Jrcctioni. 

Recitation. — " The Independence Bell." 
Dialogue. — " The Thirteen Original States." 

part l.'S. 
irlcbcIU'an — Peaec — Linton Jore&cr. 

The Call to Arms — Military Drill by School Cadets — Young Sailors in Song 
and Oar Drill — The Goddess of Liberty strikes the Shackles from the 
Slave — Uplifting the Starry Banner — Furling the Rebel Flag — 
Peace and Friendship. 

Chorus. — " There is only One Flag in this Land." C. K. Harris. 

Part U. — (Elosfnrj Scene. 

The Goddess of Liberty, and, grouped about her. Peace, Progress, Civiliza- 
tion, Education, Fine Arts, Science, Faith, — the Guardians of Free- 
dom and of our Fair City. 

Recitations. — Liberty's Hope. The sttu-dy lads and maidens true, trained 
in our schools. (Foil Drill by the Boys.) 

Song. — " Star of the Nation." Belden. 

Recitation. — " E Pluribus Uuum." (By the Girls.) 

Chorus. — " My Native Land." (By the School.) F. Aht. 



THE FREE CA TIIOLIC SCHOOLS 151 

ADDRESS OF GEORGE H. CONLEY. 

Jfember of the Slate Board of Education, (ind of the 
Board of Superrisors of Schools, Boston. 

Felloxo Citizens: — The patriotic exercises we have witnessed 
and tiie patriotic songs and utterances that we have just heard must 
gladden tlie lieart and inspire tlie soul with sentiments and emotions 
of love and devotion to that land of freedom which we claim as •' our 
own, our native land." 

Truly, a sense of our country's greatness, a sense of the great 
interests involved in our splendid inlieritance, should kindle enthu- 
siasm in ever3- breast, and should furnish the highest motives to noble 
character and exalted virtue. But, as a rule, we are apt to regard 
our possessions, peerless and priceless as they are, so much as a 
matter of course that the\' make little impression upon our minds. 
We are so accustomed to them that the}' afi'ect us no more tlian do 
the glories we witness in the heavens above us ; and in the enjoyment 
of such rights and privileges as have hitherto been unexampled in 
the history of the world, we are only too apt to remain indifferent to 
the obligations which these involve. 

On such occasions, however, as this da}- affords, the feeling of 
pride in local achievement is wont to arouse a sentiment of pride that 
expands to state and nation over achievements similar but grander, 
— so grand, indeed, in the cause of humanity and civilization as to 
challenge the admiration of the world. And through this generous 
pride in home, in state and nation, a deep sense of our obligations 
must be awakened to God, to country, and to our fellow-men. AVe 
cannot fail to be reminded on such occasions that true Americanism 
means more than pride in achievement, and more than the possession 
of great dominion and boundless resources in country and people. 
With equal rights and equal opportunities for the full development 
of every citizen, it means also positive and inalienable duties for 
every citizen. It means that the rights we assert and maintain in- 
volve duties that we must render, not alone to country, but to man- 
kind, for the people of light and leading in freedom are the van of 
civilization and progress in the leadership of mankind. 

In the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
the founding of the settlement from which this city has grown, no 
more fitting expression can be given to the gratitude, loyalty, and 
devotion of the people than from the lips of the children who have 
been taught to love and revere this land of opportunity and freedom. 
Assuredly, the youth taught to know the history of his country, taught 
to reflect upon the nature of its institutions, to realize their value and 



152 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTTETH ANNIVERSARY 

their cost in trefisure and blood, will part from his heritage never 
while life remains. It was so with the Persian and S[)arlan youth, 
who were taught to revere and love their country with love of truth 
and justice ; and thus down through the ages it has always been that 
patriotism lias sprung. It is, as historians assert, from the habit that 
men acquire of identifying themselves with their country's fortunes, 
in the past as in the present, and of looking forward anxiously to its 
future destinies, that all civic virtue and all patriotic self-sacrifice 
have sprung. 

In the form of government wliich Providence has given us, the 
character of the government is sure to reflect the character of the 
peoi)le. It is impossible for it ever to be better than tliey are, A 
citizen, to be a good citizen, must be imbued with tlie love of countr}', 
and serve his country in [)rotecting its riglits and in maintaining its 
laws and institutions. 

Soon the cliildren attending school will become the peoi)le, and 
the sovereign [)eople. As intelligence and morality are the sole con- 
ditions of national well-being and of national life, we know that ever}' 
good citizen will add strength to tlie state, and every unworthy citi- 
zen will weaken it. Good citizenshi[), therefore, should l)e an all- 
important aim in the education of the young. 

Boys and girls at school to-day are not there merely- for the infor- 
mation and mental attainments they may acquire ; but they are there 
to become men and women, dutiful to God and helpful to the state 
and to hnmanit\'. jNIere intellectual culture is not enough for a [)eople 
who rule, — for a people who constitute and administer the govern- 
ment. The self-governed must be self-controlled by an intelligence 
guided and controlled by morality and conscience. Hence, every 
school and every college should be the inspiring source of intelligent 
moral manhood, — the true t^'pe of good citizenship and genuine 
patriotism. 

The early framers of the laws of Massachusetts had this in view 
when tiiey enacted the statute which specificall}' enjoins upon all 
instructors in the commonwealth "to exert their best endeavors to 
impress upon the minds of the children entrusted to their care and 
instruction the principles of piet}' and justice, a sacred regard for 
truth, love of country and humanity," and all other kindred virtues, 
" which are the basis upon which a republican constitution is 
founded." Throughout the schools of the countrv, however, we hear 
a constant demand for the more adequate teaching of morals, and 
especially with reference to the making of good citizens. How this 
demand can be met in all cases is a difficult question to answer. 

It is well-known that the most important means of moral training 
is by example. In the consideration of the public good and the wel- 



THE FREE CATHOLIC SCHOOLS 153 

fare of mankind, innumerable moral examples are fonnil which are 
used to influence moral action ; but more than frequent reference to the 
examples of the noble and good is required to kindle moral enthusi- 
asm. The living example and immediate intercourse with the upi'ight 
and virtuous are assuredly the strongest influences in moral training. 
For children, indeed, there is no other moi-ality but what is visible. 
Surrounded by a moi-al atmosphere, they breathe in, as it were, an 
instinct of honor and moralit}-. 

The moral teachings of the school, to be truly eflfeetive, must be 
supplemented and enforced b}- the influence of Christian homes and 
by the teachings and influence of the church. These are the forces, 
allied together and cooperating together in moral training, that will 
elTect the results to be desired. 

The value and influence of a true Christian home is assuredly great, 
but the influence of the church is even beyond that of the home, for 
the church is the great teacher of morality. She, as none other, can 
stimulate enthusiasm for duty and right, and fit men for true freedom. 
The main effort of true religion is to impress upon men the principles 
of morality. To sever morality, then, from religion is to set aside 
the sanctions and restraints that are regarded as most sacred and 
potent. AVashington must have had some apprehension of danger 
to his country from such a course when he said, " Let us w'ith caution 
indulge the supposition that morality can be maintained without 
religion." 

Instruction in the duties we owe to God and our fellow-men en- 
nobles and sustains character and enforces the noblest duties of 
patriotism. Religion and patriotism, in spirit and essence, indeed, are 
one. The forms may vary, but the principles are the same. The 
genius of our countiy, while it forbids the spirit of the proselyter and 
the partisan, smiles upon the life of the patriot and favors the 
influence of the spirit that is drawn, not from the theories of men, 
but from the precepts of the Sacred Scriptures of God's revealed 
truth. 

On the altar of our country, consecrated to humanit}-, we must 
sacrifice selfishness and selfish ambition. No man has attained, nor 
can attain, to the dignity of true American citizenship until he has 
learned to put aside selfish motives, until he has learned to work and 
labor earnestly and steadily in the spirit of humanity's highest law, 
"each one for others and for all." 

To the school, the home, and the church, therefore, must we look 
for the preparation, of the men of the future, — the men of light and 
leading for noble, patriotic service. IMay this sacred alliance, this 
nol)le trinity, — the home, tlie church, and the school, — weld together 
and assimilate the people in national brotherhood to pei-petuate our 



154 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

glorious charter of equal rights and equal opportunities to the ages 
yet untold. 



HYMN OF PRAISE. 

SCHOOL AND AUDIEXCE. 

Holy God, we praise Thy name ! 

Lord of all, we bow before Thee ! 
All on earth Thy sceptre claim, 

All in Heaven above adore Thee : 
Infinite Thv vast domain, 
Everlasting is Thy reign. 

Hark ! the loud celestial hymn 
Angel clioirs above are raising ! 

Cherubim and Seraphim 

In unceasing chorus praising, 

PHI the lieavens with sweet accord : 

Holy ! Holy ! Holy Lord ! 

Lo ! the Apostolic train 

Join Thy sacred name to hallow! 
Prophets swell the loud refrain. 

And the white-robed martyrs follow 
And from morn to set of sun, 
Through the Church the song goes on. 



Te Deum Laudamus. 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE. 

At the Anniversary Building, 
AT 7.30 p. M. 

The persistent rain, which had been falling at intervals during the 
afternoon, did not deter large crowds from gathering around tlie 
Anniversary Building long before the hour which had been announced 
for the opening of the doors ; and the vast auditorium was soon filled 
to its utmost capacit}-. Long lines of people were turned awa}-, and 
moved towards the First Church, where an overflow meeting was to 
be held, and to the First Baptist Church, where a service in memory 
of Adoniram Judson was to be given. Both churches were completely 
filled, and the three congregations were the largest which have ever 
been gathered at a Sunday evening service in Maiden. 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 155 

At the Anniversaiy Building the anniversaiy chorus occupied the 
rising seats at the rear of the spealiors' platform and, with the brilliant 
decorations, formed a most effective background as seen from the 
auditorium. The chorus, under the direction of the veteran leader, 
Obadiah B. Brown, I'endered the musical portion of the program with 
precision and a controlled and well-sustained power that gave full 
promise of the admirable work which it accomplished on the succeed- 
ing day. 

The meeting was under the management of the following — 

COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. 

Rev. Henry H. French, D.D., Chairman. 
Rev. James F. Albion. Rev. Alberto A. Bennett. 

Rev. Frederick Edwards. Frank J. Bartlett. 

Charles E. Mann. Tenney Morse. 

The exercises began at 7.30 p. m. by an Orchestral Introduction 
(Largo, Handel)., which was followed by — 

THE INVOCATION, BY THE REV. J. CRIS. WILLIAMS. 
Linden Congregational Church. 

Almighty and ever blessed God, Thou who art infinite in goodness 
and boundless in love and compassion : we invoke l\\y blessing upon 
this audience. Bless the singing, the reading of the Divine Word, 
the speaking, and the hearing. We invoke Th}- blessing upon our 
beloved city. O C4od, we seek of Thee " a right way for us, and for 
our little ones, and for all our substance." We ask it for Christ's 
sake. Amen. 

CHORUS. 

Mozart. 

Glorious is Thy Name, Almighty Lord ; all the angels stand 
round about Thy throne. Let all nations bow before Thee, and 
declare Thy wondrous works. AVe praise Thee, we give thanks to 
Thee, w'e adore Thee, we glorify' Thee for Thy great glory. Blessing 
and honor be to Thee for evermore. 

RESPONSIVE READING BY THE REV. FREDERICK EDWARDS. 
St. Paul's Episcopal Church. 

T will magnify Thee, O God, ni}' King ; and I will praise Thy 
Name for ever and ever. 

Every da_y will I give thanks unto Thee ; and praise Thy Name 
for ever and ever. 



156 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Great is the Lord, and marvellous worthy to be praised ; there is 
no end of His greatness. 

One generation shall praise Tii}- works unto another, and declare 
Th}' power. 

As for inc, I will be talking of Tii\- worship, Thy glory, Thy 
praise, and wondrons works ; 

So that men shall speak of the might of Thy marvellous acts ; and 
I will also tell of Thy greatness. 

The memorial of Thine abundant kindness shall be showed ; and 
men shall sing of Th}' righteousness. 

Tiiy kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and Thy dominion 
endureth throughout all ages. 

Thou openest Thine liand, and fillest all things living wilh 
plenteousness. 

The Lord is nigh unto all them that call upon Him ; yea, all such 
as call upon Him faithfully. 

The Lord preserveth all them that love Him ; but scattereth abroad 
all the ungodly. 

My mouth shall speak the praise of the Lord ; and let all flesh give 
thanks unto His hoi}' Name for ever and ever. 

Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost; 

As it was in the beginning, is now^, and ever shall be, world with- 
out end. 



HYMX. 

Tuue, Duke Street. 

Announced by the Rev. Joseph P. Kennedy, 
Belmont Methodist Episcopal Chukch. 

O God, beneath Thy guiding hand, 

Our exiled fathers crossed the sea ; 
And when they trod the wintry strand. 

With prayer and psalm they worshipped Thee. 

Thou heard'st, well-pleased, the song, the prayer ; 

Thy blessing came ; and still its power 
Shall onward, through all ages, bear 

The memory of that hoi}' hour. 

Laws, freedom, truth, and faith in God 

Came with those exiles o'er the waves ; 
And where their pilgrim feet have trod, 

The God they trusted guards their graves. 



UNION RELTGTO US SER VI CE 157 

And here Thy Name, O God of love, 

Their chUdren's children shall adore, 
Till these eternal hills remove, 

And spring adorns the eartli no more. 

SCRIPTURE LESSON READ BY THE REV. JOSEPH M. SHEPLER, 
AssisTAXT Pastor C'extke ^Methodist Episcopal Church. 

ISAIAH xn. 

1. And in tliat day thou shalt say, O Lord, I will praise thee: 
thougli thou wast angry willi me, thine anger is turned awa}', and thou 
comfortedst me. 

2. Behold, C4od is my salvation ; T will trust, and not be afi'aid : 
for the Lord JP^IIOVAII is my strength and ;«y song ; he also is 
become my salvation. 

3. Tiierefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of 
salvation. 

4. And in that day shall ye say, Praise the Lord, call upon his 
name, declare his doings among the people, make mention that his 
name is exalted. 

0. Sing unto the Lord ; for he hath done excellent things : this 
is known in all the earth. 

G. Cry out and shout, thou inhabitant of Zion : for great is the 
Holy One of Israel in the mitlst of tliee. 

The Prayer, by the Rev. James F. Albion, of the First Parish 
(Universalist), was followed by a Respoxse (Benedictus, Gounod), 
sung by Master Frank Rogers. " Blessed is He that cometh in the 
name of the Lord. Hosanna in the highest." 

THE OFFERTORY ADDPtESS BY THE REV. EDWIX H. HUGHES. 
Cextre ]\lF.Tn(>nisT Episcopal Church. 

Ml/ F'/'i'-nds : — We must all be imi)ressed by several character- 
istics of this gathering. I s[)eak not as an accurate historian, but 
cei'tainly as a safe guesser at facts, when I say that we are now^ met 
in tlie largest religious service ever held in the quaiter-millennium of 
our city's history. When in the meeting of ministers we were plan- 
ning for this occasion, tlie question was raised whether we could 
expect to have this Anniversary Building filled with people. I ex- 
pressed the opinion that we would need to [)rovide for an overflow 
meeting, — an opinion justilied l)y the sight of the many hundreds 
who have been unable to find room here to-night; but one of my 



158 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

fellow pastors, whose name I shall mGvci fully withhold, said that we 
could not expect to crowd this great place, and, in explanation of m^' 
large claims, said : " Oh, Mr. Hughes, you're an enthusiastic Metho- 
dist." To-niglit I feel like a prophet not without local honor. 
Be3-ond my hopeful words, the people have come hither. From 
Everett's line to Melrose, from Revere's border to Medford, we have 
turned toward this place, — a high place, we may safel}' say, whither 
the tribes have come up, the tribes of the Lord, to the testimony of 
our wide Israel. 

We must all feci, too, the thrill of the larger fellowship. If ever 
before, since the various branches of the church were established in 
Maiden, all Protestant denominations have so largely closed their 
doors on Sunday morning or evening to meet under one roof, the 
fact has not been made known to me. It makes me think, in contrast, 
of a few lines in Whittier's Miriam, which I am fond of quoting. 
The poet tells how he and his friend had gone one Sunday afternoon 
to the crest of a hill overlooking the village. They stood there until 
that time of reverence, — 

" When at last the evening air 
Grew sweeter for the bells of prayer 
Ringing in steeples far below, 
\^'e watclu'd the people churchward go, 
Each to his place, as if thereon 
The true shekinah only shone; 
And my friend queried how it came 
To pass that tliej- who owned the same 
Great Master still could not agree 
To worship Ilim in conqmny." 

If Mr. Whittier were still alive and had seen tlie out-pouring crowds 
of people, notwithstanding the down-pouring torrents of rain, — 
people coming from various altars to gather at this one shrine, —he 
would surely feel that we were nearing the millennium of religious 
unity. 

But onr common heritage of religions life sliould cxi)ress itself in 
helpfulness toward a common service to our city. Therefore our 
gathering has a third characteristic : so far as I know, it is the only 
meeting in our celebration in which we are to be asked to do aught in 
the sweet name of Christian charit\-. We have recently instituted 
in Maiden the Associated Charities. This organization is already 
proving itself of good effect and is doing a splendid work in our 
midst. All the money received in our offering to-night, over and 
above the amount required to pay the expense of this service, will be 
devoted to the noble pui-poses of the Associated Charities. I urge 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 159 

you, then, to be most liberal. Gathered in this genial and generous 
atmosphere, let us open our purses widely and ex[)ress practically the 
fine human interest seen in the thousands of ha[)py faces in this build- 
ing. If the sound of clinking be not heard in the offering, let it 
be only because paper money ratlier than metal money falls upon the 
plates. Let each person present claim with a glad heart his share 
in this anniversary giving. The ushers will now receive your evening 
offering. 

An offering was here gathered by the ushers, with substantial 
results, for the benefit of the Associated Chai'ities. 

INTRODUCTORY ADDRESS BY THE REV. HENRY II. 
FRENCH, D.D. 
First Church. 

3Ii/ Friends : — It becomes my high duty and privilege to wel- 
come you to this extraordinary service, to-night. Nothing but an 
occasion out of the common order could warrant us in abandoning our 
customary [places of worship, and uniting in this strange place on a 
Sabbath evening for service together. But we feel that the two hun- 
dred and fiftietli anniversary of our city is an event so unique and so 
important as to justify the innovation ; and our hope is that thus the 
whole celeI)ralion that is before us may receive a genuine religious 
impress. The reflecting mind can hardly help contrasting that earl}' 
day of small beginnings, two and a half centuries ago, with this rich, 
opulent, powei'ful day in which we live ; and the devout mind ex- 
claims, "What hath God wrought!" But God works through 
agencies always ; and only as he finds men willing to cooperate with 
Ilim does lie produce such splendid results. There seems to be a 
great law underlying all human progress and prescribing the manner 
by which man or nation comes into the possession of the best things. 
Death is evermore the gateway to life. The ground must be bruised 
by the plow and torn by the hari-ow before it will bring forth 
corn and wheat for the sustenance of man. Plants and flowers yield 
their richest virtues only when beaten and crushed. The purple grape 
must suffer violence before it gives up its ruby life. Lower animal 
forms, by the thousand, are sacrificed to the higher forms, and only so 
can the fittest survive. 

And as we rise in the scale of being the whole structure of 
civilization is found to be built upon the toil, the hardshii)s, the 
sacrifices of the few. So it comes about that every nation of histoiy 
has had given to it. as from the hand of God, some great ideal to 
work into the fabric of the world at any or all cost. This is a people's 



IGO TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

only patent to nobility ; tlie only excuse for its existence. Plaving 
this, it is immortal till the work is done. 'J'hus tlie Semitic race 
has cnt deeply into the heart of mankind the religious idea ; the 
Greek, tliat of beaut}' and art ; the Roman, that of law and order. 

But it was left for the Anglo-Saxon to carry forward to successful 
issue the idea of civil and religious liberty ; and the men for God's 
hour and God's work were at hand, — men who feared nothing but 
God's frown, who, persecuted in their native land, made tlie seas a 
highwa}', harnessed the winds of Heaven to be their servant, and, 
after weary days and i)erilous nigiits, anchored by our stern and rock- 
bound coast. These men came with an idea which the}' were read}' 
to water with their blood and warm with their ardor, and so make 
regnant in the earth. And they went about it instantly. In the 
caV)in of their little ship the compact was made that was destined to 
make a government " of the people, by the people, and for the people." 
Perhaps they builded better tlian they knew ; but we ought to thank 
God for the peculiar type of national life begun on that immortal day. 
The type might easily have been something other. For two streams 
flowed forth from tlie strife of tiie Reforuiation which inevital)ly meant 
two kinds of government. And both the streams found their way to 
these shores. 

The one came from Catholic France, the other from Protes- 
tant P^ngland. The first found a stronghold to the north in the 
colonies of the French ; tlie second made its home at Plymouth 
Rock. But both could not abide so nearly together. A conflict for 
the supremacy was inevitable ; and on the Heights of Abraham before 
Quebec it was finally decided that that type of national life untram- 
melled and unfettered In' alliances between church and state should 
prevail. 

And we ought to thank God, too, that the democratic and not the 
aristocratic idea was seized upon so grandly and so clearl}' by the 
fathers. Here again there was an oi)[)ortunity to coi)y others and 
blunder. For a colony in the South, at Jamestown, was already 
thriving when the Pilgrims landed, and that colon}' was in its essence 
aristocratic. The majority of the settlers there belonged to the 
aristocracy. They came, not to work, hut to seek adventure and gold. 
They were ready for anything but toil. Consequently, some class 
system was inevitable, which opened the way for that monstnim 
horrendttm^ American slavery, the virus of which had to be cut from 
the life of the nation, two centuries afterward, at tremendous cost. 
And nobody can doubt that the seed which grew to be powerful 
enough to uproot aristocracy from the soil of the nation was planted 
amid prayers and tears by the men we are here to honor to-night, who 
believed in a Democracy. But I must not tarry longer upon these 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 161 

matters. Those earlj' days were days often of religious controversy 
and contention. Tliese are days of peace. We meet together in 
unity and Christian love, illustrating the apostolic motto, " One Lord, 
one faith, one Baptism." The Puritan and the Ritualist are both 
here ; the radical and the conservative sit side by side. The name of 
Lmcrenee is an honored one among us, in church, in state, and in the 
commercial world. And I now have the honor of presenting to 3'ou 
Bishop William Lawrence of the Diocese of Massachusetts. 



ADDRESS BY THE RT. REV. WILLIAM LAWRENCE, D.D., 

Bishop of Massachusetts. 

THE PURITANS. 

One great object of such a celebration as this which j'on, citizens and 
brethren of Old Maiden, are entering upon is to get at the heart of 
the men who were in the beginnings of the community, — to reach 
down into the principles of their lives. 

In the next few days you will hear much of the customs and man- 
ners of the New England Puritans, some of them picturesque, others 
hard and uninviting ; you may catch a glimpse of their dress, their 
furniture, and their architecture. 

Interesting and important as these studies are, they do not strike 
the deepest notes of the Puritan character. 

On this Sunday evening, at the beginning of the celebration, I 
want to call your thoughts awaj' for a while from the present to a 
short stud3' of the past, wherein we may catch a few notes of the 
essentials of the character of the Puritan, and then with the present 
New England before us, I want to suggest how the character of the 
Puritan ma}' take its place in the life of the people as we approach 
the dawn of the twentieth centurj-. What were the elements of 
character that founded the colony of the Old Ba}- State and the 
ancient hamlet of Maiden ? How shall these same elements of char- 
acter enter into the development of the commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts and the prosperous city of Maiden ? 

I must ask 3-ou first to go back with me many centuries and 
patiently trace the uprising of the Puritan. 

The people of northern Europe were of a different temper from 
the southern races. The cold winds of the northern seas had tough- 
ened their fibre, and in giving them red blood had also endowed 
them with that strong, free, self-confident spirit which, though at 
times brutal and sensual, was also noble, and with a love of truth and 
justice. There was a spirit of independence, a love of liberty which, 
11 



162 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

if restrained, broke out in lawlessness, but was withal fine and 
mighty. 

Over such a horde of hardly, roving men in Germany and Britain 
there had been gradually spread, through the influence of mission- 
aries, scholars, and soldiers from Rome, the system of religion and 
state which, adapted to the temper of southern Europe, had been 
silently and unobservedly cast upon the people of the North. Suc- 
cess in controlling these unconscious and ignorant forces tempted 
the church to press the system harder and more thoroughly into the 
lives of the people. 

Germany was the home of the Teuton and Goth. In Britain there 
had come a fusion of races that betokened might and independence. 

In time, the rumblings of discontent beneath the pressure of the 
system of the Latin races began to be heard. From England first, 
the voice of John Wycliffe was heard as far as Rome ; and in response 
to the command for silence he put forth the English Bible. Then 
German}' answered by the life and martj-rdom of John Huss, the 
Morning Star of the Reformation. Soon Luther met the power of 
Rome with his response: "lean do nought else. Here stand I. 
God help me. Amen." From that hour, the movement of the North 
was on foot. It was not a mere religious revolt, not a mere protest 
against Rome and priestcraft, it was a revolt of the free, independ- 
ent, and vigorous spirit of the North against the system of the South ; 
it was the break of modern life from medisevalisra. The issue in 
England came when that great and brutal, but sometimes noble, King 
Henry VHI. reached the throne ; and his passions became the means 
by which the people of England shattered the supremacy of the Pope 
and the reign of mediaevalism in England. 

There are two events which stand forth in my mind as most sig- 
nificant in the development of the English nation and its world-wide 
empire. 

The first occurred just three hundred and fifty 3'ears ago this 
very daj-, Whitsunday. In the reign of Edward VI., in response to 
the pressure from the people and leaders of tiie church, the Book of 
Common Prayer, which in substantially the same form has ever since 
been the Prayer Book of the Church of England and later of the Epis- 
copal Church in this country, was for the first time used in the service 
of the churches. On that daj', Latin ceased to be the universal lan- 
guage of Christian worship ; and since that da}^ English, even in the 
Roman Church, strong, pure English, a " language understanded of 
the people," has become the vehicle for the utterance by the people 
of their deepest thoughts and aspirations. 

The other event was the voyage of the " Mayflower," whereby 
through covenant, courage, and sacrifice a colony was founded that 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 163 

has carried the march of English civilization across the continent, 
and is now encircling the earth. 

With an English Prayer Book, and later a Bible not only trans- 
lated but printed and open in the churches, and with the temper of 
Englishmen, it was onl}' a question of time when many other tradi- 
tions, habits, and principles which had their birth in southern Europe 
would have to go ; and in the history of the seventeenth century we 
have the stor^' of the rough and sometimes brutal, but on the whole 
just and reasonable, way in which an Englishman regains his rights 
and liberties. From the heart of England came the forces to make 
the nation great. Strong institutions and weak and stubborn kings 
fell before the will of the people. 

To be sure, there were periods when the old order seemed too 
strong to be moved ; when a self-confident king like James I. could 
for a time hold the reins of power, and when there seemed to be 
victor}- to his threat, " I will make them conform or I will harry 
them out of the land." 

There was victory, but not as he expected ; for in harrying the 
Puritans out of England, he drove them across the ocean, upbuilt a 
great commonwealth, which in the days of George III. brought even 
England to her knees, and which stands as the leader in the move- 
ments of life and politics which James most dreaded. 

Now we reach the point in history where the Puritan stands forth. 
As we watch him in Old and New England, and study his spiritual 
and martial battles, his theology and philosophy, his habits of life 
and serious face, the question bears in upoti us with fascinating 
interest, What is the essential element of Puritanism? 

We all know the popular impressions of the spirit of Puritanism. 

For instance, we are told, doubtless you will be told in the next 
few days, that the Puritan was hard, narrow, bigoted, and a hypo- 
crite. No doubt many of them were; we cannot begin to realize the 
pressure of hard conditions and unjust treatment that made them 
such. John Milton, John Hampden, and John Winthrop were, how- 
ever, Puritans. Surel}' this is not true of them. A system has a 
right to be judged by its best expression, and not its worst. No ! 
hard, narrow, bigoted, and h3-pocritical as many of the Puritans were, 
that was not an essential in the Puritan character. 

" Ah ! but they made of the Sabbath a day of gloom and spiritual 
tyranny ; they spurned pleasure and sports ; and under the guise of 
piety gave themselves up to backbiting and secret sins." 

True again of some, especially in the later days of Puritanism, 
when its s[)iritual force was declining ; but surely Cromwell was a 
]'uritau and a sportsman and a lover of hawking and horses. He 
would put many a modern sportsman to the blush. Calvin, the 



164 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

author of the hardest theolog}', played his games out of doors of a 
Sunday afternoon ; and Milton was deeply touched with the spirit of 
humor and playfulness. 

" Jest, and youthful jollity, 
Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles, 
Nods, and becks, and wreathed smiles. 
Sport that wrinkled Care derides, 
And Laughter holding both his sides." 

These lines were not from the Elizabethan poet, William Shakespeare, 
but from the Puritan poet, John Milton. 

No ! the spurning of pleasure and sport, which was at first the 
true and noble protest against the sensualitj- of the stage of that day 
and the looseness of morals, was not an essential element in the 
Puritan character. 

" Sureh' he was morose and even cruel in his theology," we hear. 
" Have we not right here in Maiden the life of our earh' pastor, 
the Reverend Michael Wigglesworth, and his tragic poem, The Day 
of Doom f Did he not write these terrible lines descriptive of the 
Judgment Day? Are they not rather barbarous than Christian? — 

" ' They wring their hands, their caitiff-hands, 

and gnash their teeth for terrour : 
They cry, they rore for anguish sore, 

and gnaw their tongues for liorrour. 
But get away without delay ; 

Christ pitties not your cry : 
Depart to Hell ; there may you yell 

and I'oar Eternally.' " 

Yes ! that is barbarous : it is the logical result of a philosophy 
which overwhelmed all thought in that age, which dominated the 
theology of Rome as well as of Protestantism. It is the song of a 
dyspeptic, hysterical, sickly minister, who, burdened with a hard and 
narrow life, yielded to his philosophj- and ran his thoughts into 
rhyme. 

Is Puritanism to be held accountable for a system of contem- 
porary philosophy? And remember, too, that it was Cromwell who 
wrote to Parliament from the field of battle, " In things of the mind 
we look for no compulsion but that of light and reason." 

Again we are told : " Independency' in religion, hatred of bishops, 
spoliation of cathedrals, destruction of beautiful glass and statuar3', — 
these surely were characteristic of the Puritans." Yes ! In the revolt 
of their strong natures against much worldliness and idolatry- of the 
church in the past, and some in their da}', the}- did express themselves 
in rough and brutal ways. We must recollect, however, that it was 



UNION RELIGIOUS SEIIVICE 165 

from the Cluircb of P^ngland that Puritanistn sprang forth ; it was 
clergymen and members of tlie Chnrch of England that formed the best 
material of onr colon}-. Many of them had no desire to leave the church, 
but found themselves by the force of circumstances out of it. Then, 
under pressure of more ardent spirits and for the preservation of 
unity, they becama more and more estranged from the mother church. 
There is a touch of pathos in tlie words attributed to Higginson as he 
sailed for Salem : '' We will not say, as the Separatists are wont to 
say at their leaving of J^ngland, ' Farewell, Babylon ; farewell, Rome,' 
but we will say, ' Farewell, dear England ; farewell, the Church of 
God in England.' We do not go to New England as Separatists 
from the Church of England, but we go to practise the positive part 
of church reformation." 

Independency, separatism, hatred of the Church of England, was 
therefore an incident, not an essential element in tlie spirit of 
Puritanism. 

Again we recur to the question, What is the essential element of 
Puritanism? And my answer is. It was the desii-e of the individual 
man to stand face to face with God, and be judged by Him. 

No pope, no king, no priest, ay, if necessary, no church, which 
will in any way stand between a man and his God ! 

The Puritan may have mistaken, as I believe he did, the office of 
the priest and the church, but he was right in his principle. He 
brought Christianity back to its fundamental fact, the essential rela- 
tion between God and man. 

On its harder side, the relation was of the sinner and his Judge ; 
on the tender side (for there was a deep, mystical, and tender side to 
Puritanism), the relation was of the child and his loving Heavenly 
Father. 

They had no idea where this principle would carry them ; the}- 
marched like the Israelites of old in the way that God led them. That 
they should have been the pioneers of religious liberty, the expulsion 
of Roger Williams seemed to deny. That they should bring in the 
era of democrac}' ! — John Cotton said that democracy was not " a fit 
government either in church or commonwealth." 

Given, however, the essential truth of Puritanism, and you have 
everything, civil and religious liberty, democracy, the unloosing of 
the shackles of thought, speech, and action, — ever} thing that has 
ensued to the end of this century. 

Puritanism was but a temporary and local expression of the essen- 
tial truth of Christ's religion. See how it worked in earlier days. A 
high-priest tried to shackle the thought and speech of Peter, but 
Peter's voice rang out as the voice of the later Puritans has rung again 
and again : " Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto 



166 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

3'ou more than unto God, judge ye. For we cannot but speak the 
things that we have seen and heard." 

A man brought into the presence of God, realizing his sin and his 
essential divine origin, discovers himself to be not richer or stronger 
or poorer or weaker than other men, but discovers himself to be a 
man, the brother in Christ of all other men. Here you have the 
germ of democrac}' and the truth of the brotherhood of man. 

Allow a cljurch or a state or any other organization to become so 
strong as to suppress the best religious aspirations, the reasonable 
opinions, and the moral sense of its members, and the soul that de- 
mands the right to stand face to face with God revolts. 

Liberty, therefore, has been the watchword of the last three 
centuries, libert}' to stand face to face with God, and to be judged, not 
by priest or king, but by God ; liberty to act in church and state the 
full part of a man ; liberty to think ; liberty to speak ; liberty to read 
the Bible ; liberty to interpret the Bible ; liberty to reject the Bible ; 
liberty to stud}- into the deep secrets of nature and proclaim the re- 
sults, whatever may be the effect on theological thought ; liberty to 
confess Christ ; liberty to deny Christ. 

We know what errors and sins, what foolishness and ignorance 
run riot in the name of liberty, but the movement has been great, 
almost sublime. The shackles of medievalism have been graduall}'^ 
sundered. Spain, the countr}' of Philip II. and Ignatius Loyola, has 
been driven back from Western thought, as well as Western coasts. 
The struggle must go on ; for while man is man he will have to fight 
for liberty. 

With all this said, is it not time to strike another note of the 
essential Puritan character, — the note of duty and of obedience to 
the higher law ? 

What are you going to do with your liberty? Our fathers no 
sooner gained their libert}- from England and touched these shores 
than they began to build up a Christian communit}' and found a 
Christian nation. 

It is a little wearisome at times, is it not? to hear men who never 
think prate of the liberty of thought and the right of a man to express 
his thoughts, no matter how stupid or blasphemous the}- may be. 

Liberty to vote as one pleases is a foundation-stone of Democracy, 
but it becomes a little tii'esome to watch a man throw awa}' his vote, 
year after 3'ear, in order that he ma}- have the satisfaction of exercis- 
ing that liberty. 

Liberty to teach and preach is a truism for which the Puritan had 
reason to fight, but it is hardly worth while, if one thinks a different 
doctrine and preaches a different creed every week. 



UNION RE LI G JO US SER VICE 167 

No! my friends, it is time that we come to more immediate and 
practical duties. What has the Puritan spirit of duty to do in the 
New P^ngland of to-day ? 

Two hundred and fifty years ago this was the purest English com- 
munity in the world, purer than any in England, purer than will ever 
be again. 

To-day, New England is a composite population, gradually fusing 
into a character. The basis is English, or Anglo-Saxon, then the Celt, 
the Scandinavian and German, the Italian, the Russian, the Pole. We 
want to carry the Puritan principle into the compound New England 
character; and the people, all of them, I believe, want and desire 
that principle. 

For note this. While the people of Latin races have brought with 
them many of the traditions of southern Europe, the fact is that 
Puritanism, as expressed in civil and religious liberty, in an ethical 
religion and a sense of responsibility, has pushed steadily down 
through Switzerland to Rome ; and in the hearts of the people and 
forms of government, medievalism is almost overthrown. The people 
who have come here have, like our fathers, come to gain liberty of 
thought and life. They already have the essentials of Puritanism ; 
the}' are religious. 

Is it not time that we and they together, for we are one in civic 
and social interests, should dwell not so much on liberty as upon re- 
sponsibility, our duty to upbuild a righteous nation ? Distrust between 
Englishman and Italian, between Pole and German, will never do it. 
We must seek the deeper bond of a sense of duty and freedom through 
obedience to the higher law of brotherhood and fellow-citizenship, of 
God and a common service. 

We are witnessing what lawless liberty is doing in the South 
to-day. It means liberty to lynch, to murder the innocent, to trample 
upon law and justice. Only through willing obedience to law and 
justice can there be true and permanent liberty. Only through the 
law may we become dead to the law, that we may live unto God. 

The danger of personal liberty through lawlessness is in tlie North 
as well as the South. 

Strong men want to be free to build up great fortunes ; a noble 
ambition, if carried out under the law and a high sense of dutv to the 
community. But suppose the law and the welfare of the community 
interfere with their purpose ; still they are determined to be free to 
make their fortune, and by their strength and influence they enslave a 
legislature and lynch the rights of the people. This is the issue in 
states throughout the North that are condemning the lawlessness in 
the South. And in retaliation there are those among the people and 
legislators who, because they cannot reach the rich and lawless 



168 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

through righteous laws, are ready to pass unrighteous laws to steal 
from the rich, sirapl}' because the}' are rich and a few of them are law- 
less. We want men who will appreciate and defend the rights of the 
poor as well as of the rich ; and who will also defend the rights of the 
rich as w^ell as of the poor. 

What the people of this nation need, a}', what th6 people of New 
England need to-day is more of that homel}-, strong, and hard}' sense 
of dutj' and that moral courage that our Puritan forefathers had. It 
were well if some of those who scoff . at the Puritans' austerity and 
bigotry would catch a fraction of their mighty character and sturdy 
honor. 

B\' righteous law, by self-restraint, bj- consideration of the rights 
of others, we gain the highest freedom. It is not our whims or 
passions, not our selfish ambitions or our material resources, but it is 
the Truth that shall make us free. 

Whether we be by inheritance or birth English, Celt, Italian, or 
Russian, we are now one people, American. If we would be a free 
people, we must have government and we must have obedience to 
government ; and it must be a "■ a government of the people, by the 
people, and for the people." 

Finally, what has the Puritan sense of dutj* and obedience to the 
higher law to do in the present religious Ufe of New England? 

Freedom of religion has been the glory and the byword of Mas- 
sachusetts. It has brought forth some of the richest fruit, and it has 
sometimes run to seed. 

We are familiar with the bore who talks of the freedom of 
religion, and who, without religion himself, is a slave to his narrow 
prejudices. 

We have among us a prett}' large company of those men and 
women, wliose fathers and grandfathers were of deep piet}', who 
silently reject or loudly proclaim tlieir freedom from the very religion 
that has given them what force and height of character the}' now 
have. Such people are like the spendthrift who has inherited his 
father's fortune, and who boasts that he has no use for the talents and 
enterprise which enabled his father to build up the fortune. 

With all this said, the people of New England are at heart a 
religious people. They are athirst for the living God, and they wel- 
come a living and united church. 

In his fight for liberty, the Puritan broke from the English Church ; 
then his church broke into parts, and with freedom we have had 
separatism, sectarianism, the strife of tongues, and a divided Chris 
tendom in the face of heathendom. I have no panacea of Christian 
unity to suggest. I believe that when it comes, no man will know 
the manner or the day of its coming. But that there is some approach 



UNION RELIGIOUS SERVICE 169 

to Christian unity this veiy meeting to-night testifies. Think of it ! 
the children of the Puritans, the members of the different churches, 
all joining together, inviting Roman Catholics as well as Protestants, 
in celebrating a Puritan anniversarj', and having for their preacher, 
to name the essential elements of tlie Puritan, a bishop, — a bishop of 
the daughter church from whose mother the Puritan fled. 

I pray and belie^'e that at some future anniversary of Maiden, it 
may be flft\', it may be two hundred and fiftj' years hence, the whole 
Christian Church, Roman and Protestant (if there be any such title 
then), will join together in common prayer. 

At all events, our personal duty is this. Bj- the checking of a 
sectarian spirit, by a larger charity, by an emphasis of the funda- 
mental truths of Christ, In' obedience to that higher law " that all 
may be one," we in the true spirit of the Puritan, in his best and 
deepest moments, want to draw near to each other in a common 
brotherhood in Christ. Thus in home and school and cluirch there 
will be a united effort in the upbuilding of the character of the people, 
and a saving not only of the souls of men but the soul of the whole 
communit}'. 

Massachusetts is fortunate in having a history which is an increas- 
ing inspiration to the people. From the day that the "Mayflower" 
sailed into Plymouth Harbor, from the landing in Salem of John 
Winthrop, through the years of struggles with Indians and efforts for 
liberty, through '76 and '61 and '98, we have had a list of patriots, 
saints, and martyrs. To-night we are compassed about with " so 
great a cloud of witnesses." God help us to be faithful to our duty 
as they were faithful to theirs, and through us and our children maj' 
the prayer be answered, — 

God save the Commonwealth of Massachusetts ! 



HYMN. 

Tune, Dundee. 

O God, our help in ages past. 
Our hope for years to come. 

Our shelter from the stormy blast. 
And our eternal home ! 

• 
Before the hills in order stood, 

Or earth received her frame. 
From everlasting Thou art God, 

To endless years the same. 



170 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Time, like an ever-rolling stream, 

Bears all its sons away ; 
They fly forgotten, as a dream 

Dies at the opening day. 

O God, our help in ages past, 

Our hope for years to come. 
Be Thou our guard while troubles last, 

And our eternal home ! 

BENEDICTION BY THE REV. JOSHUA W. WELLMAN, D.D. 
First Church, 1874-1883. 



THE OVERFLOW MEETING. 

At the First Church. 

This meeting was addressed by the Right Rev. William Lawrence 
D.D., and the Revs. Edwin H. Hughes, Henry H. French, D.D., 
William I. Haven, and Frederick Edwards. 

With the exception of the last two, the remarks of the speakers 
were substantially as delivered at the meeting in tlie Anniversaiy 
Building. The Rev. William I. Haven, secretary of the American 
Bible Societ}', was introduced by the Rev. Edwin H. Hughes as the 
grandson of the president of the day at the two hundredth anniversarj' 
of Maiden in 1849, and as the son of the poet of that occasion, the 
Rev., afterwards Bishop, Gilbert Haven. Mr. Haven spoke briefly, 
somewhat as follows : — 

ADDRESS BY THE REV. AYILLIAM I. HAVEN. 

It is a great pleasure to me to join with you in this great cele- 
bration of your city's life. Mr. Hughes has referred to my relation- 
ship with the president and the poet of your celebration fifty years 
ago. I well remember the impression made upon me by ni}' distin- 
guished grandfather, — an impression of dignity and courtliness, of 
awe and stateliness, mingled with kindness. And, of course, I could 
not forget the more varied impressions made by my father, who was 
the poet of your earlier celebration. It is a singular fact that, after 
journeys which took him all over the world and around the globe, he 
at last returned to Maiden, the city of his birth, and here he died. 
He and my grandfather sleep together in the city of tlie dead which 



THE OVERFLOW MEETING 171 

our faith recognizes as reall}' the city of the living. It is the larger 
of the two cities, and we should not forget it in these commemorative 
hours. The city of Maiden has a peculiar place in my thought. 
About it cluster the memories of my childhood, and young manhood as 
well. A great history has been written in these two hundred and fift}' 
years — a history which may well cause a great pride in all our hearts. 
It is especially pleasing to me that the really higher life of the 
city is recognized in these religious services. For it is this rehgious 
life which gave the town its birth, and which will give it further life 
and significance. I join heartily in a God-speed for the city of Maiden. 
I pray that her future may ])e lighted by the divine glory. 

ADDRESS BY THE REV. FREDERICK EDWARDS. 

St. Paul's Episcopal Church. 

THE PURITANS. 

Our thoughts to-night go back to the Puritans, to the good men and 
women who settled here in the early days and made our town. We 
are trying to imagine what they were like, what their traditions were, 
how they lived, and what they thought and did. 

Now there are two kinds of imagination, which we may please to 
call the speculative and the liistoric. The one is in the air, tlie other 
on the ground. The first is almost altogether the child of our inven- 
tive facult}-. With a few materials, selected at our pleasure, we 
create a picture to suit our mood, — the Puritan man and maid, in 
their peculiar costume, walking in some dark wood, or sitting in some 
quaint kitchen, with the lights and shadows deftly managed, and the 
character to suit our plot or fancj'. This may be beautiful, but it is 
the product of art, and of such are many of our pictures of early 
memories. We paint them as we do our heaven, out of a few associa- 
tions and much desire. They belong to our ideal world. 

But there is another kind of reproduction, which runs along the 
ground. Two hundred and fifty j-ears may seem a long time, and 3'et 
if you think a moment not so long after all. You can almost span 
them in the experience of your own life. Every one of you can re 
member in childhood some verj- old person, eight}- or ninet}- years of 
age. Some of you will live to be tiiat old yourselves. Before you 
pass away somebody will put in your arras a little babe, perhaps, 
which will live to be as old. There you have it. The lives of the 
three of you, the person you remember, your own, and the little child, 
cover a period as long as we are now celebrating, two hundred and 
fifty years. 



172 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Now that helps us amazingly in thinking of these early days. The 
old man that3'OU knew was not so very different from the child you 
will hold in your arms. The education may be different, the con- 
ditions under which the}' live different, but they are both human, 
both use the same speech, both love, both perhaps marry and rear 
children. The differences are mainh' external. There ma}' even be 
a different cast to the thought or tone in the life, but the old man and 
the child are both fundamentally human, wonderfully alike, fixed in 
the image of God. 

And even the external conditions in the life of your grandfather 
and your coming grandson will not be as great, in some respects, as 
you are sometimes led to imagine. The old man grew up before the 
steam car, the telegraph, and all these so-called wonderful inventions. 
But he knew the sun, the clouds, the open sky, the mountains, the 
sea, the changing seasons. He had his horse, his dog, his fowls. 
He ate, and drank, and slept, and ruminated ui)on these things ; and 
they are ever with us and will be unto the end. 

Such a consideration will help us to understand the Puritan, per- 
haps, a little better. He came here seemingly a long time ago. But 
he looked upon the same landscape of salt marsh, river, and hill, 
dealt with the same world. Pine-tree was pine-tree then as it is 
now, stone was stone. The rains fell, the flowers bloomed along 
the wayside in the same way. 

We think of his conditions as primitive. Yet I think his cabins 
and clearings must have looked much the same as the little hamlets 
do along the coast of Maine and New Brunswick to-day, with the 
woods creeping down, the horse blinking over the gate, and the 
flowers growing up on either side of the door. 

And there was the same difference between him and ourselves 
that there will be between the old man you remember and the child 
you shall hold in your arms before you go. His clothes were cut differ- 
ently, his speech strange, but he was a man with thoughts and feel- 
ings like our own. We must remember that human nature had risen 
to as high a level in certain individuals by his time as it has since. 
Isaiah, Jesus, Plato, St. Paul were his inheritance. Chaucer and 
Shakespeare had written for him his English verse. Bacon had given 
his prose to the world ; Milton had begun to sing. I question if there 
are abler men in Maiden to-day than there were among those who 
founded these colonies, or if humanity will rise in individuals to 
greater heights than it had in those whom the Puritan knew as 
familiar names. 

Three things have marked the changes of the world since the 
Puritan's day and will go on to mould the world during the next two 
hundred years. One is the amelioration of physical conditions. We 



THE OVERFLOW MEETING 173 

are masters of our world more than he was. We manage the light, 
and heat, and electricity better than he did. Our children will man- 
age them better tlian we do. But let us dream no wild dreams. A 
railroad cutting will still turn up the primeval stones, bricks will be 
bricks, rain will fall, trees will grow in Maiden two hundred and 
fifty years from now as they do now. But it will be no heaven. 

Knowledge has increased and is more diffused. The masses are 
better educated. This will be one of the great moves of the future. 
They will be better educated still. I doubt, however, if there will be 
greater intellects than Plato's, greater geniuses than Shakespeare. 
But more common men will know more than the}- did in the Puritan's 
daA' or do now. 

The same will be true in religion. Theology will make no incon- 
ceivable advance. Christ will still be Christ. There will be no more 
rugged, sterling characters than the Puritans. But the spirit of 
human kindness will be more shed abroad. There will be no better 
men, but there will be more of them. 

I think we should be wiser if we pondered these things a little 
more. All progress is not improvement. The fact that we live in 
Maiden in 1899 does not make us greater or better men than if we had 
lived here in 1649, or in Tarsus in the first century. Our comforts 
increase, but it is the same old world ; our knowledge slowh' grows, 
but it is the same old problem ; our general advantages are greater, 
but it is the same human nature with which we contend, and sin is 
sin in us as it was in our fathers. 

]\Iy friends, let us not pride ourselves too much because we can 
buy store clothes, turn on hot water in our bath-tubs, and ride to 
Boston for five cents. It is the man that counts, and these count for 
but little in the making of him. Better wear homespun, bathe in 
cold water, and walk to Boston, than to give up that strenuous inner 
life in which the Puritans excelled. It is well to improve on the 
Puritan's house, better still to improve on his schools, best of all to 
take his faith for which he sacrificed all that he had, and make it the 
quest of our lives, adding to the world's store where he lacked, in the 
diffusion of tolerance and Christian kindliness, which St. Paul called 
charity, and St. John love, and which Christ showed to be the per- 
fection of the sons of God. 



PROGRAM. 

MONDAY, MAY 22, 1899. 

8.30 A.M. Public Rehearsal — Anniversary Building. 

9.00 A.M. Water Sports — Fellsmere Park. 

9.00 a.m. Bicycle Races — ^ Webster Park. 

9.00 a.m. Gaelic Foot Ball — Cradock Field. 

10.00 a.m. Track and Field Sports — Cradock Field. 

10.30 a.m. Base Ball — Cradock Field. 

11.00 a.m. Obstacle Races — Webster Park. 

A /so, During the Forenoon : 

Children's Entertainments in the several School Halls and 
Public Halls. 

Race of Homing Pigeons from Albany, N. Y. 

1.30 P.M. Literary and Musical Exercises — Anniver- 
sary Building. 
1.30 p.m. Water Sports — Fellsmere Park. 
2.00 P.M. Track and Field Sports — Cradock Field. 
2.00 P.M. Bicycle Races — Parkway, Edgeworth. 
4.30 P.M. Balloon Ascension — Ferryway Green. 
8.30 P.M. Promenade Concert and Ball — Anniversary 
Building. 
Danclny 10.30 to 1.00. Continuous Collation. 

All Day — Golf at Converse Links, Pine Banks. 

Salutes at 6 a.m. a7id at sunset. 
Band Concerts al several points and at Sports. 




Arthur H. Wellman 




Obadiah B. Brown 


Orator 


Deloraine p. Corey 


Chairman Musical Exercises 


J. Lanodon Sullivan, M. D. 


President of the Day, etc. 


William N. Osgood 


Odist 




Toast Master 



EXERCISES OF MONDAY. 



NOTWITHSTANDING the clouds and rain of Sunday, which 
failed to dampen the ardor of an^-, but caused some fears for 
the success of the outdoor events of the next two days, Monday came 
with a promise of fair weather ; and the clouds soon gave place to a 
clear sk}' and a cool breeze that were all that could be desired. 

The da}- was introduced by the firing of bombs at Ferryway Green 
and the ringing of church bells, while the national salute was blown at 
the factory of the Boston Rubber Shoe Co. at Edgeworth. The rain 
of the preceding da}' had put the streets in good condition, and all 
nature was fresh and bright. The weather was doing its best for the 
celebration, and the city was clean, sweet, and bas}-. Tliere was no 
loitering in the morning. All who could go out were early afoot, and 
incoming guests soon added their forces to the crowds which began to 
appear in the streets. 

The city was in its gala dress. The decorations, wliich had been 
completed on Saturday', being of the best materials and securel}' 
hung, had received little damage from the wind and rain. All the 
principal buildings and manj- private residences in all parts of the 
cit}' were decked. At the city hall, in the midst of elaborate furnish- 
ings, on either side of the cit}' seal, appeared the portraits of the Hon. 
Elisha S. Converse, the first mayor of the city, and the Hon. Charles 
L. Dean, the present mayor. The High School, the Public Library, 
and the First Baptist Church, from their contiguity and advantageous 
position, presented a fine appearance in their holiday attire. All 
along in ever}' direction the upper and lower squares and their 
approaching streets were bright with tiie national colors, festooned, 
twined, and floating in artistic designs or graceful carelessness ; while 
a brisk breeze, keeping all in constant motion, added an impression 
of life and movement to tlie brilliant displa}'. The moving crowd, 
tlie bright colors floating in the air, and the clear blue sky above made 
a picture which will not soon be forgotten. 

Arches thrown over the principal streets at the city line welcomed 
incomers with words of hos[)itable greeting. A novel use was made 
of the poles and wires of the electric lines, which were dressed with 
12 177 



178 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

bunting so as to show in perspective arcades of briglit colors. A 
notable display was made at the residence of Col. Harry E. Converse, 
at the corner of Main and Appleton Streets, in which was shown a 
series of twelve flags used in the colony and state of Massachusetts, 
beginning with the English Union Jack of the early days and passing 
through the several provincial and revolutionary types to the Ameri- 
can flag of thirteen stars. 

There was no lack of attractions fi-om the beginning, and all 
classes found something to their liking. Band concerts at convenient 
points were early features ; and the public rehearsal of the anniver- 
sar}' chorus, at half- past eight, found a large hearing. More were 
attracted b}' the games and si)orts at the several parks, and the drill 
exhibitions of Dodd's troopers ; and the children crowded the halls 
which were set apart for their entertainment. All day the historic 
exiiibit was filled to the utmost capacity of the rooms, and the number 
and interest of the visitors were maintained throughout the evening. 
The literary and musical exercises in the afternoon gathered an 
immense audience of those who had less interest in the more popular 
events of the day, and held them with undiminished attention to the 
close ; while the conc(.'rt and ball in the evening gave to the celebra- 
tion the eclat of a brilliant social function. 

Nor were the street scenes, if less brilliant, less enlivening than 
the official events. Our simple forel)ears, wiiose experiences were 
bounded by the festivities of a countr}' training-field, would have con- 
templated with amazement the abundant possibilities of entertainment 
which were presented. Fakers and philosophers with long beaixls and 
pale faces, peripatetic peddlers with souvenirs and I'efreshments 
shrilly crying their wares, hand-organs and monkeys, soap-sellers and 
t03' vendors — the scores of itinerants which a sti'uggle for existence 
and New-English enterprise never fail to send to large public gather- 
ings — penetrated the crowds in every direction ; while the din of fire- 
crackers, large and small, the snap of toi'i)edoes, the hiss of toy 
balloons, and the dissonant toot of horns were audible evidences of a 
crowd which was intent upon pleasure. Vacant lots were covered 
with booths, sheltering stores of pink lemonade and sandwiches, air- 
gun and knife-throwing targets, or some of the many opportunities 
for refreshment or cheap amusement to which the onlookers were 
loudly invited. 

Salutes of twenty-five bombs were fired on Monday and Tuesda}' 
at morning and sunset ; and the bells of seven churches were rung 
on each day at morning, noon, and sunset. 



ATHLETIC AND FIELD SPORTS 179 



ATHLETIC AND FIELD SPORTS. 

At G.03 A.M. twenty-six lioniing [)igeons were lihemted at Albaii}*, 
N. Y., each bearing a message of congratulation from Gov. Theodore 
Roosevelt of New York to Ma3or Dean. This contest for speed was 
arranged nnder the auspices of the Maiden Homing Pigeon Club. 
The first pigeon arrived at the loft of the owner, George Horsman, at 
10.01, and was followed about twenty-five seconds later bv another 
at the same loft. The next bird to arrive was the property of Peter 
J. Carey, which came shortl}- before 10.02. 

Soon after eight o'clock crowds began to assemlile at the several 
parks, where the public sports were to begin at nine o'clock. Tiie 
committee on games and sports had given much time and thought 
to make these popular features of the celebration of real interest and 
merit ; and ever\' precaution had been taken for the comfort and 
safety of both spectators and participants. Sub-committees main- 
tained a careful supervision over the preparation and peiformance of 
the several sports, and every featui-e was carried out to a most suc- 
cessful conclusion. The prizes were sterling-silver cups, shields, and 
medals, bearing the cit\' seal, whicli were of intiinsic value as well as 
beautiful souvenirs of the celel)ration. A cool wind and an absence 
of dust made the day an ideal one for outdoor sports. 

WATER SPORTS. FELLS:MERE PARK. 
William IL Wixship, Committee in charge. 

Canoe Events. — Julius B. Waterbury, of the American Canoe 
Association, and Edward S. '6\.Q\e\\s. jud'jes ; C. B. Ashenden, starter^ 
Jose[)h AYiggin, clerk of course. 

Swimming Events. — Peter S. McXally, referee; George S. Rich, 
R. F. Johnson, jfif^ges ; John A. Leavitt, timel-eeper ; Walker A. 
Smith, starter ; George T. Holm, clerk <f course; J. F. Fletcher, 
announcer. 

The forenoon was devoted to canoe events, open only to Mai- 
den, Melrose, and Everett, from 9.00 until 10.30 a. m., and swimming 
events from 10.30 a. m. to 2.00 v. m. In the afternoon a series of 
canoe events, open to all comers, was closed b}' a touinament at four 
o'clock. Special events during the day wore exhibitions of fancy 
swinnning by Peter S. IMcNally of Boston, the champion swimmer of 
the world, and John A. Leavitt of Auburndale, the champion half- 
mile swimmer of the world. Competition in the open swimming 
events was limited to the membershi[) of the New England Amateur 
Athletic Union. 



180 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Canoe Events. 

Single canoe race, ^ mile, open to Maiden, Melrose, and Everett. 
— Joseph Wiggin, first prize ; Freeman F, Burr, second prize ; Her- 
bert G. Porter, third prize. 

Tandem canoe race, ^ mile, open to Maiden, Melrose, and Ever- 
ett. — Russell B. AViggiu and Russell P. Priest, first prize; Herbert 
G. Porter and S. D. Pierce, second prize. 

Tandem canoe race, ^ mile, open to Maiden, Melrose, and Ever- 
ett. — Russell B. Wiggin and Russell P. Priest, first prize ; Edward 
B. Stratton and Freeman F. Burr, second prize. 

Oi)en single canoe race (single blade), j^ mile. — James H. Low 
[Wawbewawa Canoe Club], first prize ; Daniel S. Pratt [Wawbewawa 
Canoe Club], second prize; Fred W. Fowle [Initou Canoe Club], 
third prize. 

Open tandem canoe race, }4 mile. — Ernest R. Adams and Sted- 
man Smith [Wawbewawa Canoe Club], first prize; Robert J. Bowce 
and William Caffrey [Lawrence Canoe Club], second prize. 

Open single canoe race (double blade), }( mile. — Ernest R. 
Adams [Wawbewawa Canoe Club], first prize; Robert J. Bowce, 
[Lawrence Canoe Club], second prize. 

Open club four canoe race, j4 niile. — Stedman Smith, stroke; 
Ernest R. Adams, James H. Low, and John B. Ma\' [Wawbewawa 
Canoe Club], first prize, defeating the Initou Canoe Club. 

Open tournament canoe race. — John B. Ma}' and Daniel S. 
Pratt, Jr. [Wawbewawa Canoe Club], first prize; Ernest R.Adams 
and Stedman Smith [Wawbewawa Canoe Club], second prize. 

Open hurry-scurry canoe race. — Daniel S. Pratt, Jr. [Wawbe- 
wawa Canoe Club], first prize. 

Swimming Events. 

Open tub race. — John F. Foran, Maiden, first prize; Malcolm 
Williams [Boston Athletic Club], second prize. 

Open single swimming race, 50 yaids. — W. L. Garrison, Jr., 
Brookline, first prize; H. Holm, Brookline, second prize; R. Mc- 
Cormick, Brookline, third prize. 

Open diving competition. — W. L. Garrison, Jr., Brookline, first 
prize ; George P. Moore, Brookline, second prize. 

Open plunge for distance. — Geoi'ge P. Moore, Brookline, first 
prize ; R. McCormiek, Brookline, second prize. 

Open swimming on back, 50 yards. — Herbert D. Holm, Brook- 
line, first prize ; George P. Moore, Brookline, second prize. 

Open relay race (4 men in a team). — George P. Moore, Capt. ; 
W. L. Garrison, Jr., Herbert D. Holm, R. G. Fuller (Brookline Swim- 



ATHLETIC AND FIELD SPORTS 181 

ming Club), first prize, defeating the Brookliiie Higli Seliool Swim- 
ming Club. 

Swimming race open to Maiden, Melrose, and Everett. — John F. 
Foran, Maiden, first prize ; Edward li. Stratton, Maiden, second 
prize. 

BICYCLE RACES. EASTERN AVENUE AND THE PARKWAY. 
Edwin F. Kelley, committee in charge. 

John C. Kerrison, referee ; Alonzo D. Peck, starter ; George W. 
Dorntee, Irving N. Chase, George H. YfW&y, judges ; Harry W. 
Knights, clerk of course ; John C. Kerrison, official L. A.W. Jiancli- 
capper ; timing hy Chronograph Club. 

These races were placed under the charge of John C. Kerrison, and 
brought amateurs and lovers of the sport from long distances to the 
courses. The races of the forenoon, which were open to riders of 
Maiden, Melrose, and Everett, of eighteen years of age and under, 
were run on Eastern Avenue at Webster Park ; and those of the 
afternoon occurred on the Parkway at Edge worth. The common- 
wealth, b}' a special action of the Metropolitan Park Commission, 
transferred the care and use of the boulevard below Pleasant Street 
for the occasion to the city of Maiden. Tliis was a unique con- 
cession and an act of courtesy on the part of the state authorities 
w^iich is worthy of record. 

Local Riders (forenoon). 

Quarter-mile sprint race. — Won by Harry W. Clark; second, 
Ernest Odell. 

Slow race. — Won by P2rnest J. Rogers. Time, Im. 55 2-5s. 

Egg and Spoon race. — Won by John H. Stone. Time, Im. 
50 2-5s. 

Half-mile (open). — Won by Ernest J. Rogers; second, Mat 
Clifl'ord. 

Tilting Contest. — Won by Ernest J. Rogers. 

Amateur Riders (afternoon). 

Mile open. — First heat : won by J. F. Moran ; Arthur Kellar, 
second; E. J. Rogers, third ; time, 2m. 37 3-5s. Second heat: won 
by Moses Cookson ; C. S. Robinson, second ; C. Brown, third ; time, 
2m. 30 2-5s. Tiiird heat: won by Guy W. Phillips; H. F. Simonds, 
second ; Harry A. Austin, tliird ; time, 3m. 22s. Fourth heat : won 
by William Younie ; E. B. Chaflfee, second ; F. B. MacArthur, tliird ; 
time, 2m. 38 4-5s. Fifth heat: won by A. E. Miller; Lawrence 
Arnold, second ; M. Carnes, third ; time, 3m. 28 2-5s. Sixth heat: 



182 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

won by Sam J. King; F. A. Morrill, second; time, 3m. 38 l-5s. 
Semi-final heats. — Plrst heat: won by William Younie ; Gu.y W. 
Phillips, second; time, 2m. 47 4-5s. Second heat: won by J. F. 
Moran ; Arthur Kellar, second; time, 3m. 11 2-5s. Final heat: 
Moran, first by a wheel ; Phillips, second ; Cookson, third; time, 2m, 
40 2-5s. 

Slow race. — 100 ^ards : won b\' P. H. Dennan. 

Two-mile open. — First heat : won by William Younie ; E. B. 
Chaffee, second ; Val Chisholm, third ; time, 7m. 48 3-5s. Second 
heat : won b}- F. B. MacArthur ; E. H: Baudett, second ; Lawrence 
Arnold, third ; time, 7m. 25 3-5s. Third heat: won by J. F. Moran ; 
Arthur Kellar, second; H. A. Austin, third; time, 7m. 42s. Final 
heat: won by Moran; Kellar, second; Younie, third; time, oOm. 
4-5s. 

Tandem handicap, two miles. — Won by J. Maher and Gallagher, 
30s., time, 5m. 49 4-5s. ; Lind and Chisholm, second, 20s. ; scratch 
team's time, 6m. 30 4-5s. 

Team race, five miles. — Won b}' Chelsea Cycle Club (J. F. 
Moran, first, 7 points; Richard Cronin, fourth, 4 points; C. S. 
Robinson, fifth, 8 points ; total 14 points) ; Dorchester AVheelmen, 
second (Arthur Kellar, second, 6 points; F. B. MacArthur, third, 5 
points ; A. G. Squires, sixth, 2 points ; total, 13 points). 

Five-mile handicap. — Won by J. F. Moran, scratch ; E. J. Rogers, 
30s., second; J. W. Lind, Im., third; R. Cronin, 15s., fourth; T. 
Missett, Im. 30s., fifth; William Younie, 45s., sixth; M. Cookson, 
45s., seventh; E. E. Odell, Im., eighth; time, 17m. 31 2-5s. 

TRACK AND FIELD SPORTS. CRADOCK FIELD. 

James McCarthy, committee in charge. 

John Graham, of the Boston Athletic Association, manager and 
handicajyjyer ; P. T. Lowell, Peter Kelley, G. F. F'ergnson, judges at 
finish ; M. E. Webb, Jr., J. M. ^hoemakev, field judges ; Joseph B. 
Moran, clerk of course; J. "W. Bowles, starter ; B. B. Osthues, 
annoinicer. 

The games of the forenoon were open to boys of the Maiden, 
Melrose, and Everett high and grammar schools. Those of the after- 
noon were open to all amateurs. 

Forenoon. 

100-yard dash (for boys over 18 years of age). — "Won b}' E. J. 
Hurley, Maiden H. S. ; second, E. McCarthy, Maiden H. S. ; third, 
J. H. Joslin, Melrose H. S. Time, 10^ s. 



ATHLETIC AND FIELD SPORTS 183 

lOO-^-ard dash (for bo,ys under 18 years of age). — Won by H. F. 
Ells, Everett H. S. ; second, A. C. Holden, Melrose H. S. Time, 
10 2-os. 

100-yard dash (for grammar school boys between 10 and 16 years 
of age).— Won by W. M. Bullock. Itverett li. S. ; second, B. F. 
Provandie, Melrose II. S. Time, lis. 

32o-yard run (one lap of track). — Won by H. N. Flanders, 
Maiden H. 8. ; second, W. B. Howe, Maiden II. S. Time, 44s. 

Team race (between INIalden H. S. and Melrose H. 8.). — Won by 
Maiden H. 8. (McCarthy, Hurley, Baker, Flanders) ; second, Melrose 
II. 8. (J. H. Joslin, C. H. 8tebbins, P. P. Merrill, A. C. Holden). 
Time, 3m. 55s. 

Afternoon. 

100-yard dash, trial heats. — First heat : won by W. D. PLaton, 8oni. 
H. 8., 7 yds. ; second, H. E. Smith, N. H. S., 6 yds. Time, 10 1-os. 

Second heat: won by H. Dexter, B. H. S., 7 yds.; second, E. 
L. Doyle, C. H. A. A., 7 yds. Time, 10 3-5s. 

Third heat: won by Joseph Doyle, 8t. J. A. A., 7 yds. ; second, 
W. J. Holland, B. C. A. A., 2 yds. ^ Time, 10 2-5s. 

Fourth heat: won by R. 8. Edwards, Bowdoin College, 6 yds.; 
second, E. Hines, 8t. J. A. A., 5 yds. Time, 10 l-5s. 

Semi-finals. — First heat: won by W. D. Eaton, Sora. H. 8., 
7 yds.; second, H. E. Smith, IST. H. 8., 6 yds. Time, 10 l-5s. 
Second heat: won by R. 8. Edwards, Bow. Coll., 6 yds.; second, 
Joseph Doyle, St. J. A. A., 7 yds. Time, 10 l-5s. 

Final heat: won by W. D. Eaton, Som. H. 8., 7 yds. ; second, H. 
E. Smith, N. H. 8., 6 yds. ; third, R. 8. Edwards, Bow. Coll., 6 yds. 
Time, 10 l-5s. 

440-yard run. — Won by M. L. Bernstein, H. A. A., 25 yds.; 
second, E. Hines, St. J. A. A., 15 yds. Time, 51s. 

880-yard run. — Won by D. J. Buckley, C. G. A., 50 yds.; 
second, Dick Grant, K. A. C. of New York, scratch. Time, 2m. lis. 

One-mile run. — Won by E. P. Trott, Med. H. 8., 35 yds.; 
second, J. J. Hallihan, C. G. A., 65 yds. Time, 4m. 41s. 

Running broad jump. — Won by I. H. Joslin, Mel. H. 8., 2 ft. 
6 in., total distance 23 ft. 8}4 in. : second, F. E. Connolly, E. B. A. 
A., 6 in., total distance 23 ft. 

Running high jump. — Won by H. E. Smith, N. H. 8.. 7 in., 
total height 5 ft. 11 in.; second, H. A. Sidney, Mai. H. S., 6^ 
in., total height, 5 ft. 9)4 in. 

Three standing jumps. — Won by 8. G. P^llis, Lynn Y. M C. A., 
1 ft., total distance, 32 ft. 9 in. ; second, F. E. Connolly, E. B. A. A., 
1 ft., total distance, 32 ft. 4 in. 



184 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Five standing jumps. — Won b}' F. E. Connoll}', E. B. A. A., 1 ft. 
6 in., total distance 54 ft. 6 3-4 in. ; second, Bernard Dohert}-, Boston, 
scratch, distance, 53 ft. 4 in. 

Putting 16 lb. sliot. — Won by C. A. Leitch, Y. M. C. A., 7 ft., total 
distance 43 ft. 7 3-4 in. ; second, A. H. Jaffrejs, Chelsea H. S., 9 ft., 
total distance, 43 ft. 3)4 in. 

GAELIC FOOT-BALL. CRADOCK FIELD. 

John J. McCormack, cotmmttee in charge, 
P. D. Warren, referee. 

This game was played during the forenoon, in the presence of an 
immense crowd, which showed much personal interest in the playing, 
by the Celtics, Capt. C. Care}', and the Young Irelands, Capt. T. 
Dohert}'. The time was one hour ; and the summary gave the Celtics 
seven, and the Young Irelands one, giving the cash prize of fifty 
dollars to the Celtics. 

BASE-BALL. CRADOCK FIELD. 

Owen P. Doonan, committee in charge. 
J. CoNNELL and E. Murphy, umpires. 

Owing to the time occupied b}' the Gaelic teams, this game, which 
was scheduled at 10.30, was not called until nearly noon. It was 
played b}- tlie Newtowne Club of Cambridge and a Maiden picked 
nine, fully fiv^e thousand people witnessing the game. Maiden out- 
batted the Newtownes, but lost the game through loose fielding ; and 
the cash prize of seventy-five dollars was awarded to the Cambridge 
club. 

Innings 123456 7 89 

Newtowne 10000302 5-11 
Maiden 1 1 2 3 3-10 

Time, 2 h. 30 m. 

OBSTACLE RACES. WEBSTER PARK. 

John J. Queneth, committee in charge. 

George T. Ferguson, Maiden Y. M. C. A., assistant. 

Potato race. — Won by Charles Sweenej' ; second, J. F. Hallihan. 
Time, 34 3-5s. 

Boys' potato race. — Won b}' John Spencer ; second, J. H. 
Murphy. Time, 39 4-5s. 



THE BALLOON ASCENSION 185 

Sack race. — "Won b}' E. H. Haynes ; second, Charles Lucas. 
Time, 10s. 

Three-legged race. — Won by Lucas and Hallihan ; second, 
Murph}' Brothers. Time, 5 3-5s. 



GOLF. CONVERSE LINKS, PINE BANKS. 
William H. Winship, committee in charge. 

The first golf match that was ever played in this countr}' in the 
exercises of the celebration of a town anniversar}^ was played on 
Monda}-, and continued on Tuesday, at Pine Banks Park. Compe- 
tition was confined to Maiden players ; and the tournaments were 
played by five ladies and fourteen gentlemen. The contest was close 
and exciting, the ladies' prize on Tuesda}' being won by one stroke 
at the last (eighteenth) hole, while that of the gentlemen was won by 
two up and one to play. The prizes were four sterling-silver cups, 
which were offered b}' the committee. As the game has been plaN'ed 
in Europe for hundreds of years and is gaining popularity in this 
country, it is fair to suppose that in fifty years these cups may be 
brought out with much satisfaction as mementos of the games at 
which they were won, and of the celebration. The prizes were won 
as follows : — 

Ladies' handicap tournament. — Miss Helen M. Weaver. 

Gentlemen's handicap tournament. — Edward B. Home. 

Ladies' hole-play, scratch tournament. — Mrs. Clare Dutton 
McGregor. 

Gentlemen's hole-plaj' scratch tournament. — Roland Lesley 
Toppan. 

BALLOON ASCENSION. FERRYWAY GREEN. 

"William W. Trafton and William E. Cochrane, committee m 

charge. 
Prof. Clarence C. Bonnette and Mrs. E. L. Stafford, aeronauts. 

No feature of the celebration was more successful than the ascen- 
sion at Ferryway Green, -which was witnessed by more than ten 
thousand people. The balloon was a new one, with a capacity of 
about forty thousand feet of hot air. To it were attached two para- 
chutes, by w'hich the aeronauts were to descend. 

During the inflation, the Salem Cadet Band gave a concert ; and 
hardly had Dodd's troopers, who had been exercising upon the ground, 
passed out of sight when, at 5.15, the signal to cut loose was given. 
The airship rose in perfect shape, but the parachutes became twisted, 



186 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

wbich caused some apprehension among the spectators. When about 
five thousand feet high, Mrs. StatTord endeavored to cut loose, but 
failed in the attempt. To fill the contract, which called for one to 
descend from the balloon unless prevented by an accident. Professor 
Bonnette cut loose, descending rapidly at first, but more slowly as 
the parachute caught the air. He landed near the corner of High- 
land Avenue and Avon Street, where he was picked up and driven 
back to the field. 

Meanwhile, it was evident that some accident had occurred to 
Mrs. Stafl^ord and that she was unable to leave the balloon, which 
appeared to be falling in an erratic manner and threatening to cap- 
size as the hot air escaped. It was feared that the balloon might 
collapse and fall rapidly to the ground ; but the air escaped slowh', 
and the great bulk, becoming more steady, gradualh* descended and 
disappeared from the spectators on the field. It was afterwards 
found that by some comi)lication the parachute could not be opened 
and released from its fastenings. 

Street Commissioner George W. Stiles had followed the course of 
the balloon in his carriage, and found Mrs. Staflji^i'd safely resting on 
Highland Avenue, below Wellington. She expressed herself as highly 
satisfied with her trip. B}' their manner of meeting, it was gathered 
b}" the spectators that the aeronauts had experienced some anxiety 
since their departure from the field. 

A "slide for life," which was included in the contract, was per- 
formed at a later hour in Central Square. 



CHILDREN'S ENTERTAINMENTS. 

The children's entertainments, given during the forenoon of Mon- 
day-, were among the most pleasing events of the celebration, if the 
enthusiasm of the crowds of children which filled the several halls 
may be taken in evidence. The committee, under the efficient lead 
of its chairman, Nathaniel W. Starbird, aimed to provide a series of 
light, popular entertainments, which would be of a high order and 
fi'ee from objectionable features. With the exception of the Oxford 
Musical Club, which appeared before the pupils of the High School, 
the entertainments were furnished bj- the J. W. Gorman Entertain- 
ment Co. of Boston. Each school had its appointed place of enter- 
tainment, and no pupil could be admitted to any other than that of 
his own school. Admission was given b}' souvenir buttons, of which 
over seven thousand were distributed. These buttons were round, 
in distinguishing colors for the several schools, with a white diamond 



CHILDnEN'S ENTERTAINMENTS 187 

ioUti ^;"^;';' ;^^^'-'"g the cUy seal, around which appeared the 
legend : IM AHmversary - May 22-23-99. ( mdre^^s Entertain- 
meat. Ihe several schools were entertained as follows : — 

PITCH SCHOOL HALL. 

William J. Hobbs and Mrs. Frank J. Bartlett, committee in 
charge. 

The High School. Badge, ^Ae/ar/. 10 a.m. 

STije ©xforti fHusical Club. 
James A. Korman, Bass soloist and pianist. 
Howard E. Tilton, Flute and piccolo. 
Ralpli L. Reinewald, Cornet, violin, and mandolin. 
Arthur E. TIn-asher, Tenor soloist, banjo, and mandolin. 
J. X. Proctor, Banjo and trombone. 
1 March. m m i 

I lENOR Solo. — "Mona" ir. t;,.. / 

c, ^ „ -^"'- J-hrasher. 

3 Flute and Cornet Duet. _ - Titl's Serenade." Messrs. Tilton. 

. -^ and Beinewald. 

4 Descriptive. —"Down the Mississippi." The Club. 

5 Piccolo Solo. — " Sweet Birdie Polka." Mr. Tilton 

6 Bass Solo. — " Asleep in the Deep." Mr Korman 

7 Banjo Solo. — " The Magic Waltz." Mr. Proctor 

8 Descriptive. — " Ten Minutes with the Minstrels." The Club 

9 Trombone Solo. — - Tramp, Tramp, Tramp." 3Ir. Proctor 

10 Tenor and Bass Duet. -" The Palms." Messrs. Thrasher 

and Korman. 

11 Cornet Solo. - " Old Kentucky Home." Mr. Reinewald. 

12 Descriptive. — " A day at the Circus." The Club 

13 March. -Selected. The Club. 

OPERA HALL. 

George Prouty and Nathaniel W. Starbird, committee in charge. 
Centre, Coverlet, and Oak Grove Schools. 

Badge, scarlet. 9 a. m. 
Faulkner, Greenwood, and Pierce Schools. 

Badge, innple. 10.30 a. m. 

lEntertainment. ^ 

Louis Kelso Brennan. — Singing humorist and impersonator. 
Phil and Hattie White. — The Alabama pichaninnies. 
The new Edison Giant Phonograph. 
E. M. Reed's Wonderful Acrobatic Bull Terriers. 



188 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



NATIONAL HALL. 

William H. Ruston and Mrs. George "\Y. Walker, committee in 
charge. 

Belmont, Converse, and Judson Schools. 

Badge, light blue. 9 a.m. 
Lincoln and Franklin Schools. 

Badge, olive. 10.30 a.m. 

ISntertainmEut. 

Prof. W. E. Floyd. — JIagical illusions and sleight of hand. 
Miss Jeanette Darrell. — Female baritone vocalist. 
Jamie Leonard. — lioij vocalist. 
A. E. White. — Imperso7iator. 
John Barker. — Comedian. 

COLUMBUS HALL. 

Maurice Dinneen and Mrs. Peter J. McGuire, committee in 
charge. 

Emerson, Free Catholic, and Kindergarten Schools. 
First Section. Badge, maroon. 9 a. m. 
Second Section. Badge, pink. 10.30 a. m. 

lEntertatnment. 

The Marshalls' Daint}' Novelt}' P^ntertainers, introducing selec- 
tions on a medle}' of instruments, including piano, violin, 'cello, 
sleigh-bells, zylophone, etc. 

Frank G. Reynolds. — Humorist and impersonator. 

GLENWOOD SCHOOL HALL. 

G. Louis Richards and Mrs. Rufus H. Sawyer, committee in 
charge. 

West and Glenwood Schools. Badge, cerise. 10 a. m. 

lEntertainment. 

John Thomas. — Humorist and irnpersonator. 

Fred E. Hansell. — Whistlifig soloist. 

J. W. Bingham. — Ventriloquist. 

Miss Louise Horner. — Sopirano voccdist and banjo soloist. 



LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES 189 

COLUMBIAN HALL. 

Frederick J. Smith and Mrs. Daniel P. Wise, committee in 
charge. 

Maplewood and Aters Schools. 
First Section. Badge, dark blue. 9 a. m. 
Second Section. Badge, lavender. 10.30 a. m. 

lEntertaintnmt. 

J. W. Maynard. | J Popular hlind vocalist, 

C. E. Coffin. j [ and instrimientalists. 

La Petite Blanche. — The xoonderfal child artist in character songs 

and dances. 
George Channing Darling. — Artist, caricaturist, Jmmorist, and 
entertainer. 

LINDEN SCHOOL HALL. 

George H. Fall and Mrs. Alfred H. Jones, committee in charge. 
Linden School. Badge, orange. 10 a. m. 

lEntertainmcnt. 

Harry Brj-ant. — Ventriloquist, humorist, and imitator of birds and 

aninials. 
Frank T. Basic. — Comique and novel instr^tmentalist. 
Charles Williams. — Humorist and impersonator. 
Pete LaMar. — Comic vocalist, yodeler, and mimic. 



LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES. 

The literary and musical features of the celebration were prepared 
and presented by tlie committee on literary exercises and the com- 
mittee on musical exercises. Though these committees were practi- 
cally independent in matters relating to their respective departments, 
they worked together in complete harmony, and were amply rewarded 
by the results of their labors. 

Tiie committee on literary exercises held its first meeting on the 
evening of September 14, 1898, when an outline of the proposed exer- 
cises was made. It was decided to procure an original ode b}' com- 
petition ; and tlie following notice was given through the local 
papers : — 



190 TWO II (INDUED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



"ANNIVERSARY ODE. 

"The sub-committee on the ode for the two hundred and fiftieth 
anniversary of Maiden has decided to submit the writing of tlie ode 
to competition, open to an}- present or former resident of the city of 
Maiden. The requirements are as follows : — 

"Odes submitted must be 'not longer than four stanzas of four 
lines each ; must be written to one of the three tunes, Auld Lang 
Syne^ Battle Hymn of tlie Bepublk, or Fair Harvard ; and must 
be in the hands of the secretar}- of the committee, Rev. Edwin H. 
Hughes, 100 Washington Street, Maiden, on or before Februar}- 
1, 1899. 

" The judges selected to decide the merits of the odes submitted 
are President William F. Warren of Boston University, Hon. Francis 
C. Lowell, Judge of the United States District Court, Boston, and 
Miss Annie H. Ryder, of Medford, 

" Manuscripts, of which tiiere must be three copies, should be 
written under a pseudouN'm, and should be accom[)anied b}' a sealed 
envelope, bearing without the pseudonym and wilhiu the real name 
of the writer. 

"The following gentlemen compose the suli-committee : Rev. 
James F. Albion, Hon. Harve^' L. Boutwell, Rev. Edwin H. Hughes." 

In response to this notice, eighteen odes were presented ; and the 
superior quality of many was a surprise to the committee. As they 
were submitted under pseudon^-ms, the name of no writer was known 
until the decision had been made. The judges acting inde[)endently, 
and not having met together, unanimously awarded the choice to 
that written by John Langdon Sullivan, M.D. ; but the merit of 
others induced them to give honoral)Ie mention to those written by 
Arthur Mark Cummings, Francis J. Goodwin, Charles H Mann, and 
the Rev. Mortimer E. Twomev. The ode of Mr. Cummings was 
sung at the gathering of the public schools to the tune of Fair Har- 
vard ; and it has been published with original music by A. Fred 
Hamnett. 

The Rev. Theron Brown of Newton was selected as the poet of 
the celebration. ]Mr. Brown has been favorably known as a writer of 
odes for several public occasions and as a poet of much merit. Many 
of his hymns have been set to original music by different composers. 

The choice of the orator of the day fell upon a citizen of Maiden, 
the Hon. Arthur Holbrook Wellman, who has long been known in the 
political and social life of the city. As a scholar and speaker he pos- 
sesses talents of a high order, and the respect and honor in which he 



LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES 191 

is held by all classes of the community rendered the selection one of 
the best, if not the best, that could be made. 

The committee on musical exercises met for organization on the 
evening of September 12, 1898 ; and at a meeting held eight days 
later a compreliensive plan of procedure was adopted, which formed 
the basis of all future action. For tlie furthernncc of its plans and the 
success which followed, the committee was largel}- indebted to the 
energy and experience of its chairman, the veteran musical conductor, 
Obadiah B. Brown. 

The plan contemplated the gathering of a chorus of mixed voices 
of not less than two hundred and an orchestra of from fort}' to fifty 
performers. 8o far as possit)le, l)oth chorus and orchestra were to 
be gathered from local talent, of which JMalden was known to have 
an abundant supi)ly. In cari'ving out the plan, the services of the 
choir-masters of the several religious societies were brougiit into 
action, and the best talent within their knowledge was invited to take 
part in the preparation. To these were added otiiers who possessed 
the required qualifications of good voices and the ability to read music 
with readiness. The members of tlie orchestra were especially 
selected b}' the ciiairman, whose efforts were ably seconded b}' John 
W. Little of the committee, himself an instrumentalist of acknowl- 
edged ability. It was at first intended to put a church organ in the 
Anniversar}' Building, but that not being found expedient, a vocalion 
was substituted. 

Invitations were sent out to those who were selected as members 
of the chorus and orchestra, which met with immediate and uiost 
gratifying responses. A chorus of tlie best material was organized, 
and Ei)hraim Cutter, Jr., of Melrose was chosen as conductor. Mr. 
Cutter is well known as the eflRcient musical director of the Amphion 
(."lub. On the da}' of the celebration, the chorus and orchestra con- 
sisted of — 

Chorus: — Sopranos, 83; Altos, 70; Tenors, 3G; Basses, 46; 
Total, 235. Orchestra: — Performers, 45. 
It was organized as follows : — 

Obadiah B. Brown, Chairman. 
Ephraim Cutter, Jr., Conductor. 
POLLEN (Beale) Morev, Orgaiiist. 

SOLOISTS. 

INIiss Katherixe Hutchinsox, Soprano. 

Mrs. Homer E. Sawyer, Contralto. 

Thomas L. Cushman, Tenor. 

Frank R. Shjcom, Bass. 



192 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



SOPRANO. 



Bo3X'e, Agnes G. 

Bradbury, Grace Sewell 

Backus, EfRe 

Bentle\', Mary 

Bedlow, Harriet A. (Putnam) 

Bardwell, Alice E. 

Black, Alice G. 

Campbell, Clara L. 

Campbell, Estelle F. 

Campbell, Geneve R. 

Connell, Anna PL 

Connell, Elizabeth R. 

Clifford, Hannah 

Connell, Margaret M. 

Christopher, Mary p]. (Pond) 

Corbett, Abbie C. 

Chatfield, Emma H. 

Cormack, Mary R. 

Carlisle, Florena (Hamblen) 

Cox, Josephine E. 

Connell, Annie L. 

Elliot, Harriet V. 

Etter, Jennie M. 

Fernald, Florence M. 

Fletcher, Minerva C. (Rockwell) 

Flatley, Katherine 

Fox, Alice L. 

Green, Fannie (Mundey) 

Gaffney, Elizabeth L. 

Gaffney, Minnie L. 

Goodhue, Florence D. 

Goodman, Julia (Pierce) 

Gibbs, Laura 

Hutchinson, Katherine 



Holden, Martha E. (Starbird) 

Hildebrand, Ida Jean 

Holmes, Alice Marion 

Kinne3-, Grace L. 

Keeler, Kate T. (Buttrick) 

Kendall, Helen B. 

Lang, M. Estella (Pratt) 

Lunt, Katherine W. 

Locke, Mabel L. 

Lucey, Delia E. 

Malcolm, Carrie V. 

Millett, Mabel R. 

Morse, Lillian 

McCarth}', Minnie 

Morse, Hattie E. (Gould) 

Moore, H. Elizabeth (Garrison) 

Peck, Lila M. 

Poor, Lina S. 

Perkins, Jennie (Goff) 

Prior, Fannie (Mitchell) 

Perkins, Alice S. 

Porter, Edith (Hamblen) 

Phillips, Abbie M. 

Quinn, Julia A. 

Rich, Abbie M. 

Richards, Grace 

Rogers, Annie (Baker) 

Rodgers, M. Flora 

Richardson, Rosa E. 

Sleeper, Nellie M. 

Scully, Margaret E. 

Stone, Edith M. (Fifield) 

Sinnott, Lillian M. 

Sargeant, M. Ella 



Hildebrand, Elizabeth (Farrington)Sargent, Marie F. 
Hawley, Augusta Stackpole, Henrietta M. (Pease) 

Hanlon, Mary E. Sargent, YA'iih L. 

Hill, Edith B. Whitmore, Carlotta Patti 

Hall, Hattie D. Waitt, Mary S. 

Hancock, Annie E. Woodside, Annie L. (Thomas) 

HoUis, Mary J. Wadsworth, Louise E. 

Wiggin, Ruth (Hollis) 



THE CHORUS 



193 



ALTO. 



Annis, Flora K. 

Ballard, Mabel E. (Thorpe) 

Burnap, Grace B. 

Bardvvell, Bertha L. 

Bacon, Grace E. 

Bowlb}-, Elsie L. (Moore) 

Bell, Harriet M. 

Brown, Grace (Atherton) 

Cox, Helen A. 

Clark, Nellie L. 

Clark, Mary A. 

Currier, Agnes 

Corbett, Grace P. 

Collins, Emily Y. 

Cate, Ella M. 

Clear}-, Frances (Fitzgerald) 

Converse, Mary (Paiker) 

Collins, Alma J. (Kittredge) 

Collins, Adelaide E. 

Dillaway, Elrama F. (Carlisle) 

Davis, Cora E. 

Ellingwood, Mar}- 

Foley, p:iizal)etli M. 

Fessenden, Mary L. 

Gay, Helen M. 

Geary, Agnes G. 

Goff, Clara E. (French) 

Hill, Clara G. 

Hobbs, Isabelle A. 

Holden, Bessie L. 

Hathawa}', Ida vSanborn 

Hathaway, Ida E. (Sanborn) 

Husted, Ada (Robertson) 

Hawley, Marion 

Hamblen, Frances W. 



Huggins, Margaret J. (Crighton) 

Howard, Marion L. 

Ives, Ida (Washburn) 

Jordan, Bertha L. 

Jordan, Marguerite E. 

Jenness, Phoebe 

Kendall, Anna G. (Pike) 

Kendall, Mary B. 

Lunt, Elizabeth P. 

Little, Emma M. 

Lewis, H. Frances 

Macdonald, Alice M. 

MacArthur, Marie E. 

McGann, Rosa A. 

Nutter, Edna May 

Newhall, Jessie E. (Crighton) 

Nudd, Francelia A. 

O'Donnell, Lillian 

Parker, Minna W. (Ballard) 

Putnam, Florence E. 

Putnam, Eliza (Raymond) 

Pratt, Clara R. 

Quinn, Mary 

Stebbins, Christine F. 

Sawtelle, Vesta H. 

Sargent, Ida A. 

Smith, Alice M. 

Swett, Fannie S. 

Scull}', Agnes V. 

Stiles, Millie G. 

Sawyer, JMary (Buckley) 

Turner, Iildith E. 

Wiggin, Margaret E. 

Wetherbee, Mabel F. (Putnam) 

Zwicker, Charlotte L. 



TENOR. 



Atwood, Elbiidge W. 
Avjian, Armen 
Blois, Asahel W. 
Boyce, Wallace H. 
Corbett, Henry D. 

13 



Corbett, John Marshall 
Carlisle, Frank II. 
Davis, King S. 
Fuller, Hoyt E. 
Flanders, J. Allen 



194 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Hamblen, William B, 
Hanson, Charles H. 
Hirtle, Wallace W. 
Jeffrey, Frank F. 
Jordan, Samuel E. 
Kimball, John V. 
Kimball, Charles B. 
Mann, William A. 
Moore, Chester M. 
Miller, Elbridge G. 
Pitman, Irving N. 
Philimore, Horace 
Phillips, Frank Elmo 



Aylward, John H. 
Backman, Edward S. 
Bowlby, J. Northrup 
Burr, Freeman F. 
Browne, A. Parker 
Bacon, Walter E. 
Bacon, Henry C. 
Connell, James E. 
Chadwick, F. Henry 
Coggan, M. Sumner 
Donovan, Daniel B. 
Farrell, John M. 
Foye, Fred M. 
Goddard, C. E. 
Goodwin, Fred W. 
Garrity, Thomas J. 
Gaffney, Frank J. 
Grier, Matthew C. 
Howard, William 
Hathaway, James R. 
Hartley, George H. 
Hay den, Henry C. 
Kimball, Charles W. 



Pierce, E. Everett 
Parker, Henry M. 
Quinn, Arthur J. 
Robinson, Harry C. 
Small, Fred W. 
Sanborn, Harry C. 
Sarkisian, Dickran M. 
Tonks, Clarence H. 
Treadwell, N. William 
Treadwell, Edward D. 
Walker, Hugh L. 
Woodward, William F. 
AVoodside, Charles L. 

BASS. 

Langlcy, Arthur H. 

Merrill, Albert S. 

Munger, Edmund C. 

Moore, Alfred G. 

McManus, George E. 

Mac Arthur, Edward L. 

Pease, Alvin Fowler 

Parker, John H. 

Proctor, Arthur H. 
Putnam, Otis Chandler 
Ripley, Edwin F. 
Richardson, Wm. Harris 
Rice, C. Herbert 
Ryder, INI. Joseph 
Stiles, Edwin Byron 
Stackpole, Ellsworth 
Sexton, James Henrj-, Jr, 
Tarbox, Wm. Seaver 
Upham, Henry W. 
Welsh, Sylvester F. 
Wilkins, Percy H. 
Wiggin, Walter 
Wass, Edward H. 



Hoffman, Jacques 
Nye, Harold E. 



(©rc!)£0tra. 
1st viomns. 



Turner, Helen Farrington 
Pease, Ethelwyn F. 



LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES 



195 



Home, Ida INI. 

Hall, Frederick S. 
Butler, Frederick C. 
Marr, Joseph A. 



FLUTES. 



2d violins. 



(Hale) 



Small, Florence A 
Sluite, Clara M. 
Ives, Lois S. 
Lansberg, Harold J. 
Petteugill, John T. 
Carver, Chester N. 
Morey, Ernest Manuel 

VIOLAS. 

Jordan, Charles W. 
Snow, Henrv W. 
Makechnie, Mabel W. 
Ives, Charles Frederick 
Moorhouse, Helen Isabel 

'cellos. 

Little, John W. 
Andros, Annie A. 
Moorhouse, S. Woodbridge 
Spalding, Josephine (Hale) 
Noyes, George L. 



Homes, William 
Munroe, Albert H. 



OBOES. 



Fischer, Paul C. 
Ribas, A. L. de 



CLARINETS. 



Whitmore, Osceola A. 
Brash, John B. 



BASSOONS. 



Post, Louis 
Regestein, Ernest 



CORNETS. 



Wolcott, J. B. 
Merritt, W. F. 
Connors, Timoth}', Jr. 



HORNS. 



Lippoldt, Louis 
Scliorraann. Edward 



CONTRA BASSES. 



Little, Blanche M. 
Phelps, Charles H. 
Milliken, John II. 



TROMBONES. 



Park, John 
Riple}-, A. B. 
Hayes, F. G. 



TYMPAXI. 

Perkins, Frank D. 



The first rehearsal was held on the evening of April 12, in the 
hall of the Centre School building. Nine rehearsals were held, the 
last three in conjunction with the orchestra. A gratifying spirit of 
interest and enthusiasm was evident in the chorus, which ensured the 
final success of its work. 



196 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The committee in its report says: " The committee desires to 
express its hearty appreciation of the interest shown by the members 
of the chorus and orchestra in their prompt attendance at the re- 
hearsals, in man\' cases at great personal inconvenience, and tlie enthu- 
siasm with whicli they took up and carried tlu'ougli the work laid out 
for tliem. Especial mention siiould be made of those members who 
came long distances to assist us, from Everett, INIelrose, Stonehara, 
and several from Boston. 

" To Chairman Brown is due in no small degree tlie success of 
the undertaking. He lias labored ' without ceasing' from the ver}- 
first. The thanks of the committee are also due to those to whom 
were assigned the solo parts in the program. The work of the con- 
ductor, Mr. Cutter, was highly gratifying, and mucli credit is due to 
him for the admirable manner in which he handled both chorus and 
orchestra." 

The chairman of the committee on musical exercises adds, in a 
supplementary' report: "■ Our plans were laid with the idea of pro- 
ducing musical performances such as had never been heard in Maiden ; 
and in the results we were not disappointed." 

A public rehearsal of the chorus and orchestra, which was given 
in the Anniversary Building at 8.30 on the morning of May 22, was 
largely- attended and enjoyed, although other interesting features of 
the celebration were then claiming the attention of the public. At 
its close, the building was cleared and pre[)ared for the public 
exercises at 1.30 p.m. 

To the experience and admirable executive ability of William 
Robertson, Jr., who had been invited to act as chief usher, and his 
corps of efficient aids, was due the comfort and convenience of more 
than three thousand people who filled the hall. So careful and 
complete were the arrangements that no rush, which had been feared, 
was experienced at any time ; and all comers were seated without 
inconvenience until the building was filled. The seats were free, 
except in a limited space allotted to invited guests ; but as the pupils 
of the schools had their gatherings on Saturday and Sunday, and 
entertainments during Monday forenoon, children under twelve 3'ears 
of age were not admitted, unless accompanied In- parents or 
guardians. 

The cover of the order of exercises, which displayed a silhouette 
view of Maiden and the town and city seals, was designed and exe- 
cuted b}' Henr\- L. Noble, a pupil in the ninth grade at the Faulkner 
School. A reproduction is herewith given. 

Precisely at 1.30 p.m., the baton of the conductor announced the 
opening number, the solos of which were effectively and artisticall}' 
rendered by Miss Hutchinson and Mrs. Sawyer, while the large and 




NCORPORATION-^IHE 




II I II I II I II I II 




PROGRAM TITLE (LITKRARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES) 



LITERARY AND MUSICAL EXERCISES 197 

powerful chorus showed how firml}' it was held in hand by its con- 
ductor and how responsive it had become to the spirit of the occasion 
and the demands of the music. It was one of the finest musical 
renderings ever given in Maiden. 

Selection from "Athalie." Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy. 

Heaven and the earth display, His gi-andeur is nnljoiindvd ; 

They declare He is God, they resound his endless fame. 
He was Lord over all, e'er the universe was founded ; 

O praise ye Him in song, His wondrous love proclaim. 
No hostile force injustice raises can silence His elect, 

AVho bow and sing His praises, for everlasting is His name. 

From day to day His power and glorj- are resounded — 
Each fruit He forms and stores with honied treasures ; 

He gives the lovely flowers their varied hues, — 

Each night and day with constant care He measures. 

Tempers the parched earth, cools it with evening dews, 

And earth redundant crowned sustains each living creature. 

His Honor, Mayor Cliarles Leroy Dean, then introduced the 
president of the day in the following words : — 

Felloio- Citizens, Ladies and Gentlemen, and Invited Guests: — 
It is my \Qvy pleasant duty to bid you welcome to these literary exer- 
cises, held in commemoration of the founding of the town of Maiden 
in 1649, then comprising what are to-day the cities of Maiden and 
Everett and the coming city of Melrose, with a population of nearl}' 
sevent}' thousand people. 

It is a fortunate circumstance attending this anniversary that we 
have in our midst a citizen who has given long and faithful stud}' to 
the histor}' of Maiden. 

He was born in this communit}', and has witnessed a large part of 
its growth. Public spirited, but retiring, the friend and supporter of 
ever}' good cause, I present him as an example of our best citizen- 
ship. He has contributed much to the welfare of the cit}', and we 
salute him to-day as its historian. 

I have the honor to introduce Mr. Deloraine P. Corey as the 
president of the da}'. 

The President. — It is fitting that first of all we should recognize 
the Great Father whose providence has led our old town through 
storm and stress into the peace of the present. In the spirit of the 
fathers, who carried to the foot of His throne their joys and their sor- 
rows, the Rev. Richard Neagle will invoke the Divine Blessing. 



198 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

INVOCATION BY THE REV. RICHARD NEAGLE, 
Rector of the Ciiukch of the Immaculate Conceptiox. 

Almighty and Eternal God, help us to realize that we are always 
and everywhere in Thy presence, that we stand here now before Thee, 
in Whom we live and move and have our being, the Author of every 
good and perfect gift, from Whose bounty comes all that we have and 
all that we are. We thank Thee, O Heavenly Father, for the mani- 
fold favors and blessings which Thou hast lavished on us and on our 
fathers through all the generations, and we humblj- pray Thee to con- 
tinue Th}' loving care and protection over us Th}' children. 

Bless all who are gathered here to-day, bless our whole community, 
our beloved commonwealth and country, and all Tliy servants through- 
out the world. Enlighten and guide those who are charged with the 
responsibilities of government in cit}', state, and nation. 

Protect and prosper us Th}- people, but suffer us not to set our 
hearts on the quest and enjoyment of the things of this world to the 
forgetfulness of Thee and Thy holy law. Teach us to know and love 
the truth, to love one another as brothers, and to love Thee above all. 
Teach us ever to keep in mind why Thou hast placed us here on 
earth, — to know and love and serve Thee in this life, that so we may 
be fitted to dwell with Thee forever in the life to come. 

We pra}' Thee, O Heavenl}' Father, in the name of Thine onl}' be- 
gotten Son, our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, Who with Thee and the 
Holy Ghost liveth and reigneth, One God, forever and ever. Amen. 

The impressive and beautiful Sanctus of Gounod followed the in- 
vocation, in which the sympathetic tenor of Mr. Cushman in its deli- 
cate renditions found its full effect against the heavier background of 
the chorus. 

SA^'CTUS from "St. Cecilia Mass." Charles Gounod. 

" Sanctus, sanctus, sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth, 
Pleni sunt cceli et terra gloria tua. Amen." 

" Holy, holy, holy Lord (iod of Sabaoth, 

Heaven and earth are full of Thy glory. Amen." 

The President. — Since I came upon this platform, a telegram 
has been received from one whom we respect for his high office, 
admire for his private virtues, and in wliom we are all willing to 

trust. 

Executive Mansion, Washington, D.C, May 22, 1899. 
Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor, Maiden, Mass.: — 

Please accept for Maiden my congratulations upon the celebration 
of its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. 

William McKinley. 



THE ADDRESS OF WELCOME 199 

ADDRESS OF WELCOME, BY DELORATNE PENDRE COREY, 

President of the Day. 

It is a warm welcome and a hearty greeting wliicli it is my privilege 
to extend to-day to the sons and daughters of this old town. Fifty 
j'ears have passed since she called 30ur fathers and mothers around 
the old hearthstone. Long has she looked for you, and with glad 
anticipation. If, like a fond mother, slie sheds a tear to-da}', it will 
be one of gratitude and joy. 

There comes a time when, leaving the turmoil of life and its cares, 
we pause to review the dead 3'ears, to scan the present, and to fore- 
cast those years which hold somewhere for us the end of life and the 
mysterj- of the grave. Tlien comes that measure of regret or content, 
of doubt or of faitli, which our lives have prepared for us. 

So to us who abide in the homes of our fathers, and to you who 
have come to us and with your enei-gy and prosperit}' have helped to 
make this later Maiden, has come this day, when, leaving our accus- 
tomed vocations, our pleasures and our toils, we pause to greet those 
who have come back to the arms of tlie old mother, to the homes that 
knew them long ago, and to the graves of the fathers, — with them to 
review the past, to rejoice in the prosperity of the present, and to 
gather hope and strength for the coming years. 

To 3'ou who from other homes have turned aside for a few brief 
hours to revisit the scenes of former days and to renew old friendships, 
Maiden retains few of the features of the past. Y^ou miss the narrow 
lanes, the wide green fields, and the dark woods of your youthful days. 
You miss the fragrant wild rose and the sweet-brier by tlie wayside. 
For you tlie mill-pond gleams no more in the sunlight, and the salt 
tides come no more among the sedges and the flags of Harvell's 
Brook, where the blackbird built her nest. The rocky crest of 
AVnyte's Mount seems not so near the clouds as in the days of your 
childhood ; and the arethusa blooms and the cranberry ripens no more 
in Blanchard's meadows. The advancing tides of population have 
swept away the charms of the countryside. These things bring the 
memory of bright spring weather or of long, sultry summer da3's, 
when with light hearts you wandered over these fields and meadows, 
or, lying lazy and listless in the cool shade of whispering trees, you 
listened to the murmur of the wild bees in tiie clover, that came with 
the fragrance of new mown ha3' and the breath of the i)ines above 
3-our heads. 

You look for the forms and faces with which memory peoples these 
streets and these homes, but yon cannot see them ; and if you ask for 
them, you find that you who seek and they who reply are but a few, — 



200 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

a little remnant of those who were. They who are gone outnumber 
the living. The green grass and the daisies grow over them ; and the 
pitying skies drop their tears of dew and of rain upon the sod that 
hides them from your eyes. Some sleep beneath southern skies, and 
the blue and the graj- clasp hands above their quiet graves. 

In some face, touched by the wrinkling hand of time, you may 
find that of the little boy with whom you played marbles or duck, or 
that of the elder lad who taught you to make a kite or a willow whistle, 
or to swim at Sandy, when the summer sun beat fiercely on Sehool- 
liouse Hill, and the cool tides filled Maiden River to the brim. In 
some sober matron, a grandmother now, you may find the little girl, 
whose bright eyes shone merrily over the rosy cheeks tliat rivalled the 
apples you gave her, when, with fervent zeal and palpitating heart, 
3'ou loved her with a boy's love. 

You drop a tear, perchance, for those whom you see no more, the 
dear ones, endeared by love, endeared by kinship, by friendship, and 
association, endeared by a hundred subtile ties, whose tenderness and 
strength you did not know until they were severed, and tlie lives they 
had bound to yours drifted beyond the mystery into the enfolding 
arms that hold them, still within the circle of your love and your 
highest and holiest aspirations. 

You clasp the hand whose friendly grasp turns back the tide of 
years. You are girls and boys again. The old town with all the 
memories of the past becomes real ; and as you dream, the sharp 
clang of the bell of the old brick sclioolhouse — the true bell of Bell 
Rock, the bell that called the minute men on the morning of Lexing- 
ton — sounds in your thoughts, and j'ou scamper away to school with 
hastening feet and unwilling hearts. These dreams of to-da}' were 
the realities of the past, and there are tears behind your smiles 
because of them. 

But we ma}' not be sad to-day, we who are here to rejoice as we 
gather once more on the soil which our fathers won from the wilder- 
ness. Out of the past, with its tender memories, have come the pros- 
perity and the peace of the present ; and we would not lose one 
smallest part of all that lies hidden in it. Even though it comes to 
us with tears, we will hold it fast with present joy. 

To another belongs the pleasing task to set before you the birth 
and growth of the town which has completed a quarter-millennium of 
its existence, — to s[)eak of the discouragements and the triumphs, of 
the material weaknesses and the moral strength of those who came 
before us. 

It is a humble stor}-, but in the great scheme of life and progress 
it ma}' be as important as the story of the birtli and rise of an empire ; 
for in it, iu its own humble degree, ma}' be found the operation of 



rilE ODE 201 

forces that luive made and unmade kingdoms and ruled the world. 
From the unpretending lives of common men, blindly reaching out 
for a hold upon better things, came great events. 

Out from the crumbling crusts of stern and rigid creeds came the 
independence of the churches and the freedom of individual thought. 
The civil and ecclesiastical powers, stifling in their mutual servitude, 
burst the bonds which cramped them, and thenceforth walked together 
for tlie preservation of justice and liberty' and the conservation of 
purit}' and truth. From tlie soil of the popular mind, made fertile b}' 
tiic blood of martyrs and harrowed by many woes, came a little plant 
that kings and rulers scorned ; but it bore a bud, a groping wish for 
liberty, that blossomed into the freedom of a people and the growth 
of a great empire, whose farthest bounds we of to-day are powerless 
to measure, and in which maj* lie hidden the leaven that in God's 
providence and time may give abiding life and peace to the struggling 
nations of the eartli. 

An uncouth wilderness, traversed b3- wild beasts and more savage 
men ; a few scattered plantations in the midst of a primal forest ; a 
sparse gathering of farmers struggling, year by year, with the bitter 
problems of life ; a little country town with some indications of grow- 
ing industries and a promise of better things ; a suburban and increas- 
ing community with the sounding wheels of larger industries and a 
people with a wider outlook and a firmer grasp upon the affairs of 
life ; a prosperous city, herself the mother of cities, a city of homes 
where dwell abundance and content, whose people hold in honor the 
better things of life, a Iiome of intelligence, of public spirit, and 
private benefactions, of good-will and peace. 

Such are the successive pictures wliich appear in the story of tlje 
growth of this old town ; and it is fitting that we welcome with loud 
acclaims and heartfelt joy the day which marks the close of her first 
quarter of a thousand years. In the enjo3-ment of pi'esent blessings, 
and in the anticipation of those that are to come, let us rememlier, 
with reverence, the lives and deeds of the fathers, who through priva- 
tions, b}' hard and earnest lives, in pain and blood, laid deep upon 
the firm rock of puritanic faith and princii)le those civil, religious, and 
educational institutions in which lie the glory of the past, the pride of 
the present, and the hope of the future. 

The ode which followed the address of welcome was written for 
the occasion b}' one whose brain and pen have contributed much to 
the enjoyment and interest of man}- local public events. The circum- 
stances of its production are elsewhere stated. Its stirring lines were 
worthy of the day ; and the familiar music, which for nearly forty 
years has held the power of exciting the enthusiasm of the hearer, and 



202 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

lias sounded above the din of man}- battle-fields, was rendered with 
spirit b}' the chorus, the immense audience rising and joining in the 
refrain with vigor. 

THE ODE, BY JOHN LANGDOX SULLIVAN, M.D. 

Music, The Battle Hymn of the Republic. 

Da}- of days, th}' gala da}- is brealving, lovely Mystic Side ; 
Sun, with soft caressing splendor, shine from dawn to eventide, 
Smiling on our happy city, like a bridegroom on his bride ! 
Praise God, our fathers' God ; 

Chorus : — Glory, glory, liallehijali, 

Praise God, our fathers' God. 

Joy -bells peal and cannon thunder, niirtli and music crown the scone ; 
Choral anthems of thanksgiving rise the roar and crash between ; 
For the promise of the future, for the blessings that have been, 
Praise God, our fathers' God ; etc. 

Praise Him for a steepled city, where the scattered cabins stood, 
Din of labor, luim of traffic, where was once a silent wood ; 
Holy chime and chiding scliool-bell, praise the Giver of all good, 
Praise God, our fathers' God ; etc. 

Praise him for the quenching of the fiery bolt that treason hurled. 
For our sires' immortal Charter, for the flag they first unfurled. 
Winning, while the}- wot not of it, freedom's battle for the world. 
Praise God, our fathers' God ; etc. 

The President. — To one wlio, though not a native of Maiden, 
was adopted b}- her in his youtli and has ever since been her lojal 
son, has been assigned the duty of speaking of her life of two hundred 
and fift}- years. Himself a descendant of a long line of Puritan 
ancestors, he has studied the lives and characters and has imbibed 
the spirit of the fathers. He who has served you in man}' honorable 
trusts needs no introduction to the people of Maiden. To you, who 
have been long absent and are strangers to the later life of Maiden, I 
have the pleasure of introducing the orator of the day, tlie Hon. 
Arthur H. Wellman. 

ORATION, BY THE HON. ARTHUR HOLBROOK WELLMAN. 

It would not be possible in the brief time allotted to this service, 
even wore I fitted for the task, to recount, to any considerable extent, 
the deeds of those who have dwelt in Maiden ; but happily this is un- 
necessary. The history of Maiden has been written by the loving 
liand of one of her own sons, and all who need to know concerning 



THE ORATION 203 

those who once lived in the places we call onr own will owe a debt of 
gratitude to the masterly work of our honored fellow-citizen, Deloraine 
P. Corey. 

Without attempting, therefore, an}- ambitious project, may I ask 
you to follow me, as in a brief and somewhat desultory and fragmen- 
tary wa}', I attempt to trace the growth and development of the spirit 
of lil)ert3' in a New England town. 

The story of the early settlements along our coast begins across 
the sea. The great virgin queen, although she made some advance 
beyond her predecessors, still held fast to the old and kingly view 
that it was perilous to the tlirone to allow more than one form of 
religion in the kingdom. There were man}' of her subjects who 
desired to use a simpler form of worship than that adopted in the 
royal church, and to place more emphasis on a godly life than had 
been customar}'. 

Prior to Elizabeth's time, many of these men had fled to the con- 
tinent to avoid persecution, and in her reign some of the Puritans, as 
the}' were then called in derision, asked leave to go to a " foreign and 
far country which lieth to the west from hence," that they might 
worship God as they were ''in conscience persuaded by his word" 
they ought to do, but permission was not given, and they remained in 
England. 

When, in 1603, James of Scotland took his seat upon the throne of 
the Tudors, it was hoped that, remembering the traditions of the land 
whence he had come, he would reverse, or at least modify, the 
policy of the queen who had signed the death-warrant of his beautiful 
but unfortunate mother, Mary, Queen of Scots. But the king soon 
showed how little relief the lovers of liberty were likely to get from 
him. " I will have none of that liberty as to ceremonies ; I will have 
one doctrine, one discipline, one religion, in substance and in cere- 
mony." " I will make them conform or I will harry them out of the 
land, or else worse." Thus spoke the king, and he was as good as 
his word. He forbade free discussion of religious matters in public, 
and those who for so many years had been looking forward to religious 
liberty in England reluctantly began to turn away from the land of 
their fathers. Some crossed to Holland and other P^uropean coun- 
tries, among them those who afterwards came as Pilgrims to Plymouth; 
others waited yet a little longer in England, hoping against hope for 
better days, but things looked darker rather than brighter after the 
second Stuart had ascended the throne. 

In 1628, the Council for New England made a grant to some men 
who desired " to plant the gospel" in the western land. It was under 
this grant that Endicott came to Salem. The party interested in the 
settlement seems to have grown larger, and in 1621) they were formed 



204 T WO H UXDR ED A ND FIFTIE Til A NNI VERSA K Y 

into a corporation under tlie name of the " Governor and Company of 
the Mattachusetts Bay in Newe England." The territory covered in the 
charter was from three miles south of any part of Charles River and 
of Massachusetts Bay to three miles north of the Merrimac, and 
from the Atlantic on the east to the South Sea on the west. Others 
followed JCndicott, and in 1630 Winthrop, ha\ing been elected gover- 
nor, brought over the charter. He landed at Salem, but later ex- 
plored the Mystic for a few miles from its mouth, and settled in 
Ciiarlestown, whence he soon removed to Boston. Plantations sprang 
up in one place after another, and towns began to be formed, and 
soon people came over the Mystic from Charlestown. 

Just when the first house was built on Mystic Side, or where it was 
located, is not known. Mr. Corey is convinced that it was in what is 
now Elverett, either at Sweetser's Point or Moulton's Island. Be that 
as it mav, we know that in 1640 there were houses in that neighbor- 
hood, and in 1648 dwellings were scattered from the j\r3-stic near 
Charlestown (at Island P2nd) to Wayte's Mount and beyond. 

Let us pause for a moment to look at the little community'. On 
the south, there was the marsh stretching down to the river ; beyond, 
to the north, perhaps some open uplands, and then, with the exception 
of a clearing here and there, came the great woodland reaching away 
over the Middlesex Fells and the country beyond to Saugus, Reading, 
Woburn, Concord, and the unknown wilderness to the west. 

This forest, filled as it was with wild beasts and inhabited by the 
strange, fierce race of red men, must have seemed vast and terrible 
indeed to the little band of pioneers who had camped on its borders. 
Of this forest we have left one solitary surviving tree, still reaching 
up into the sunshine, tossing with exquisite grace or battling with the 
storm in magnificent strength as it did a quarter of a millennium ago, 
— the only living thing which we have reason to believe has remained 
in Maiden from the beginning of the town, — the Dexter Elm. 

The approaches to Maiden in those days do not seem to have been 
intended to attract travel. If the people from Charlestown or Boston 
came for timber, as they often did, the}' would most likely have taken 
a boat up Maiden River to Sandy Bank ; if in haste, they would 
have crossed either Penn3' Ferry or Winnisimmet Ferr}', and have 
come by the winding path through Everett and bj* Bell Rock ; or one 
might have gone up on the south bank of the Mystic to the ford near 
Cradock's bridge, and then followed the Salem trail, which led over 
a part of what is now Clifton Street. 

It is impossible for us in these times of ease and comfort to realize 
the stupendous labors of the early settlers on these lands. There 
were the trees to fell, the stumps and stones to remove, the sterile 
soil to fit for cultivation, and tlie roads to build. Do not forget that 



THE ORATION 205 

tools were few and rude ; that horses and oxen were scarce, so that 
the great part of this work must be done by actual physical human 
labor. Surprise is often expressed that our roads were not made 
straight, but the wonder is that the}- were built at all, and the stone 
walls running along beside the winding ways are silent monuments to 
these earl}' toilers. 

All these facts must be taken into consideration when we view 
these men. Tlieir lives were not spent in parlors, in studies, in 
elegant houses of parliament, or in great cathedrals. They wrung a 
scanty living from these rocky hills by the sweat of their brows, and 
had little time left lor tlie elegances or the amenities of life. 

The first step toward municipal existence in this little community 
was taken in 1648, when the organization of a church was suggested. 
As none but members of a church could be admitted to the corpora- 
tion as freemen, or hold the more important offices, a town without a 
church was almost impossible. The church in Maiden was probably 
organized a little before the town, which came into existence by an 
act consented to by the deputies just two hundred and fifty years ago 
^•esterday. 

The body which gave Maiden its municipal existence was in form 
a private corporation, chartered by Charles I. The charter pro- 
vided for a governor, a deputy governor, and eighteen assistants, all 
to be elected annually by the freemen. At first, all freemen attended 
the annual meeting, but soon of necessity the idea of deputies to 
represent them was broached, and thus arose the second branch of the 
legislature. AVhile the government of the colony was in the hands of 
a business corporation, there is little doubt that the leaders were look- 
ing beyond mere profits to a wider religious liberty. 

In the early months of 1G49, great events had taken place in Eng- 
land. In the montli in which Maklen was incorporated, tlie news 
reached the colony that England's king had been led out of his palace 
at Whitehall to the headsman's block, and that great, rugged man of 
iron, Oliver Cromwell, ruled in his stead ; and so it came to pass that 
for the first ten years in the history of the new town, the colony was 
left to do much as it pleased. 

The number of inhabitants in Maiden in 1649 could not have ex- 
ceeded a few hundred, and they were certainly not rich in this world's 
goods. 

The first act of the municipality was probabl}' the holding of a 
town meeting. What a treat it would be had we photographs of 
the scenes in that meeting, with the speeches taken by a phonograph ! 
We have not even a description of it, nor do we know where it was 
held. It may have been in the little meeting-house near Bell Rock, 
or it may have been in some farm-house. ^Ve may hazard pretty 



206 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

nearl}' what was done. The townsmen or selectmen were probabl}' 
chosen, also constables, men to see to hog order, fence-Aaewers, and 
very soon, if not at the first meeting, a deput\- to the Great and 
General Court. Thus started the form of local government which, 
substantially- unchanged, lasted until, in 1881, Maiden became a city, 
under an act of another Great and General Court, which had taken 
the place of the private corporation of 1649. 

The questions before these town meetings in earl3' times for the 
most part seem trivial, and the mone>' value at stake was certainl}' 
small. At a time when the highest legislative body in the colon}- 
heard and reheard the questions arising out of the capture of a stra^^ 
sow, giving seven daNS to a single hearing of the case, when the 
governor made the matter the subject of an address and a pamphlet, 
when magistrates, deputies, and even the towns themselves joined in 
wild tumult over the tremendous issue, what was the size of the 
matters, think you, which were debated in the little town of Maiden ? 

Without venturing to discuss whence came the town meeting, we 
find it growing up in New England as the most natural form of local 
government under the circumstances. These people had left their 
homes beyond the sea, paitly, at any rate, because the right to meet 
and talk over their religious views had been denied them. They 
sought to found churches, modelled after a plan they believed they 
had found in the New Testament, and this plan was democratic to the 
core. As freedom in religion was first in their thought, the church 
usually preceded the town, as in Maiden. Some form of civil govern- 
ment in each communit}- was a necessit}-. The general government 
under the charter could do little for the several plantations, and so in 
convenient centres the freemen from the vicinage met to govern 
themselves. It is not likely that they spent much time in looking 
back into history to search for models to guide them. The}' simply 
made use of such ideas as came to their minds from their experience 
in England, and did what under the exigencies in which they were 
placed seemed most fitting. 

Those early town meetings in Maiden, — wliat were they but little 
groups of poor, unlettered men, clad in uncouth, home-made garments, 
come together in some roughly constructed building, located almost 
beyond the pale of civilization, in an unknown corner of the world, to 
discuss in language so crude we of to-day should probably be unable 
to comprehend it, the petty business of a little settlement whose total 
wealth was doubtless less than one hundredth part of that of many a 
single citizen of Maiden to-day. Yet we look almost with reverence 
on these assemblies and those like them, which have done so much to 
mould and guide the destiny of our nation. 

In these gatherings, men learned to think on public affairs ; they 



THE ORATION 207 

intelligent!}' ci'itioised the acts of those attempting to control, and thej' 
did it the more justh' because they in turn miglit be subjected to lil^e 
criticism. They learned to detect sham and h^-pocris}' ; the dema- 
gogue did not thrive in open debate. Economy was a necessit}- ; the 
strictest lionesty was insisted on. It was an attempt at self-rule witli 
the ideal alwaNS in mind that government was for the good of all the 
people. 

Those w'ho in these meetings had guided the affairs of a town 
successfully' had mastered the fundamental principles of free govern- 
ment, and also gained confidence in their abilit}' to put those prin- 
ciples into practical operation. This sturdy independence showed it- 
self in the opposition which Andros met when he tried to tyrannize 
over the colony ; and he, on his part, showed how fully he appreciated 
the tendencies of the town meetings by prohibiting any town from 
holding more than one meeting a 3'ear. 

In every crisis of affairs, the trend of the town meeting was toward 
freedom. In daj's when there were no newspapers and few books to 
be had, the town meeting was an educational institution planted in 
every communit}', where were taught those things people most needed 
to know to help them to win civil liberty. 

Let us make no mistake. A town meeting of ignorant, degraded, 
and vicious men would not have been a success. But our fathers 
were not such ; they believed there was something more in life than 
taking pleasure or getting gain ; the}' wished to found a state where 
they would be free to worship God in their own waj' ; and this led 
them to feel that the}' must retain the power of government in their 
own hands. 

They were deficient in many qualities of great value. But they 
had grasped grand, far-reacliing ideas, and for them they were ready 
to sacrifice much which tlie world loves. To such men, the town 
meeting was a great opportunity. It was an apt and proper instru- 
ment in their hands to accomplish the ends they had in view. \^^ith- 
out New Phigland men, tlie town meeting vponld never have won its 
great renown ; but had tliere been no town meeting, it is surely true 
that much of the unique glory of tlie land, of the Charles and the 
Mystic, of Plymouth Rock and Massachusetts Bay, would never have 
been. 

Tlie first important political contest in Maiden related to a clergy- 
man. One great object in securing a town government was that the 
people might have religious worship without crossing the Mystic. 
To secure a minister, however, proved no easy task. At least nine 
calls were given and refused. But in 1650, IMarmaduke Matthews 
preached in Maiden, and was soon after ordained as minister. This 
was not done without protests from different churches and raagis- 



208 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

trates, who had learned that Mr. Matthews was supposed to hold 
peculiar religious views. It was desired that the Maiden people 
should " fforbeare ordination, "jbut the_v, after requesting the objectors 
" to discover" to them " any sin either in Mr. Matthews or the church," 
and receiving no reply, went boldly forward. 

Mr. Matthews soon preached sermons which were objected to 
by two of his congregation, who appear to have promptly reported 
to the authorities divers " weak and inconvenient expressions." The 
Great and General Court summoned Mr. Matthews to answer concern- 
ing " miscarriages of justice." The evidence seems to have related to 
the offensive expressions in the sermons. The two informers swore 
to wliat Mr. Matthews had said in iiis sermons. Mr. Matthews con- 
tradicted tills evidence, and expounded his views at length, and five 
of the chief men of Maiden stated under oath that what Mr. Matthews 
said as to his sermons was the truth. 

Here, then, we find tiie Great and General Court trying the INIalden 
pastor on intricate and abstruse problems of theology. So dark and 
deep were the points involved that no one at this daj- probably reall}- 
knows, if an}' one ever did, what was the matter with Marmaduke 
Matthews. Under these circumstances, tiie legislature did what it 
has frequenth' since unwisely done (but never, perhaps, with less 
wisdom than in tiiis case), — appointed a recess committee (possibly 
the first of its kind). Those who have followed the doings of such 
committees will not be surprised to learn that this particular committee 
convened at the famous tavern known as '■' The Shipp." A little 
later it was recorded that the colony had been put to "great trouble, 
charges and expenses in the heai-ing of the cause." Mr. Matthews 
was finally fined ten pounds for allowing himself to be ordained with- 
out sanction of churches or authorities, but as he had no property 
but books tlie fine does not seem to have been collected. 

So far as this case was against an individual it has no great 
interest for us, but the Maiden church was also summoned to appear 
for ordaining Mr. Mattliews. The answer of the clnirch is an able 
statement from the view of the Maiden people, who seem to have 
been well-nigh unanimous in favor of the pastor, women as well as 
men taking part in the defence. They pleaded that they had offended 
against no law, and that "■ our laws allow eurie church flTree libertie 
of all the ordinances of god according to the rule of the scriptur and 
perticular fl!"ree libertie of ellection & ordination of all their officers." 
The writers of tiiis document showed their independence and their 
confidence that what they had done was legal. There seems to have 
been reason for this confidence. Joseph Hills, the first signer of the 
paper, had only a few years before l)een active in arranging for pub- 
lication an edition of the laws of the colonv, and was undoubtedh' 



THE ORATION 209 

familiar with the laws from the beginning, and he must have known 
that he was supported in his contention both by the Bod}' of Liberties 
and the Cambridge Platform. Tliis able defence, which was appa- 
rentl}' unanswerable, produced little effect on the court, and the mem- 
bers of the church were fined fiftj- pounds. It was levied on the 
estates of three of the leading men of Maiden, who were empowered 
to collect a fair proportion from the other members of the church who 
had consented to the ordination and had not given satisfaction. No 
rnone}' has ever been raised in Maiden with more difficult}' than this 
fine. The matter came before the court many times within a period of 
more than ten 3'ears, and it was long after the offending divine had 
left Maiden and the colon}' that the last ten pounds of the fine were 
remitted, and the matter brought to an end. 

This contest was a significant one. After the charter was brought 
by Winthrop to INIassachusetts Bay, at first the magistrates exercised 
large power, but soon we find the freemen asserting" their right to elect 
magistrates and to make laws. It was tlie freemen who insisted 
upon the adoption of that magnificent code called The Body of 
Liberties. The spirit of the code is seen in its preamble. "The 
free fruition of such liberties. Immunities and priveledges as humanity, 
Civilitie and Christianitie call for as due to every man in his place 
and proportions without impeachment and Infringement hath ever 
bene and ever will be the ti'anquillity and Stability of Cliurclies and 
Commonwealths. And the deniall or deprivall thereof the distur- 
bance if not the mine of both." 

These men w'ho thus pushed on to freedom came out of the local 
churcli and the town meetings, and the rigiit of each church and town 
to govern itself rested in their minds upon the same foundation. 
The Maiden people in the contest over Marmaduke IVIatthews were 
fighting for tlie independence of the individual church and also for local 
self-government. Heterodoxy w^as almost as unpopular then as it is 
popular to-day, so that the drift of opinion was naturally against 
Matthews ; but nevertheless there w'as a very respectable minority of 
deputies who saw the real issue and stood by the cause of freedom. 

And when, a little later, a law was passed, apparently suggested 
by the Maiden controversy, providing that no one should preach 
without the approval of the four nearest churches or of the county 
court, the protests w^ere so earnest and numerous that a repeal soon 
followed. There is no reason to believe that the men and women of 
Maiden, wlio fought so stubbornly for tlie right of church and town to 
choose their own minister and manage their own affairs, ever yielded 
their opinions so much as one hair's-breadth. In the battle in Maiden 
they lost, but in tlie wider and greater conflict, which reached into 
the future, they won ; for the privileges for which they contended are 

14 



210 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

now the unchallenged rights of every citizen of Massachusetts and of 
the countr}- as well. 

Not man}' years after the departure of Mr. Matthews, another 
clergyman of a very different mould came to Maiden, — the Rev. 
Michael Wigglesworlh. He was a learned and devout man, as well 
as a faithful minister. He had, however, no sympathy with the 
unsound views of Mr. Matthews, and little charit}- for those who had 
befriended him. He was a friend of Cotton Mather, the aristocratic 
Boston divine, an upholder of the magistrates rather than of the 
deputies ; a Puritan of the Puritans. He was the great poet of the 
colony, defending and expounding in rh3-me the popular theolog}' of 
the day. His master[)iece, under the poetical and soothing title, 
The Day of Doom, passed through ten editions, and winning marvel- 
lous popularity, took its place beside the Bible and the Bay Psalm 
Book, in nearly every house in the colony. 

Tins man determined to blot out the last remnant of the evil 
effects of the teachings of Marmaduke Matthews ; and so had Joseph 
Hills indicted by the grand jury for false beliefs. If the present pop- 
ulation of Maiden should be tried upon the same charges which were 
made against Joseph Hills, it is to be feared that there is not one 
who would escape condemnation. 

It seems impossible at first blush that principles of libert}- should 
grow under the influence of such a man, but they clearly did. 

These Puritans of New England were not men to be held up as 
rounded and perfected specimens of humanit}', to be the models of 
the ages. They lacked many things. There was in them little of the 
artistic sense. They saw God in the whirlwind and the storm, but 
the iridescent beauties of a flashing opal or the marvel of the land- 
scape mirrored in a tinv dew-drop did not suggest to them that the 
mind of Him who had crowded the world with loveliness, most of it to 
fade unseen b\' human eye, must be scintillating with delicate, un- 
earthly fancies of divine splendor. Tiie}- cared not for the fine 
frivolities of life, — those kindly joys and pleasures which give so much 
of charm and flavor to human society. Thej- saw truth, but not the 
■whole truth, and what they beheld the}' clung to with a tenacity and 
intensity almost terrible. It is not wonderful that the}' were unsym- 
pathetic with those they did not understand, and unjust to those who 
opposed them. But in spite of their failings, which they were too 
honest ever to hide from the world, we have no right to forget that 
they had qualities which pushed toward light and liberty, and that 
they moved the world onward. 

Calvinism, however much we may criticise it, taught the Puritans 
a high ideal of righteousness, gave strength and vigor to their char- 
acter ; it filled them with an overmastering love of truth, and made 



THE ORATION 211 

them hate even the semblance of a lie with all the fierce intensity of 
their nature. " One wiio is afraid of lying is usually afraid of nothing 
else ; " and so it came about that the Puritan, whether he was fighting 
the battles of freedom under Cromwell, was languishing in the foul 
dungeons of Laud, or wrestling with privation and want in the wilds 
of the Western wilderness, was ever lion-hearted. 

You remember the story of Abraham Davenport. He was a mem- 
ber of the governor's Council in Connecticut, on the dark day, May 19, 
1780. At noon it was as dark as night, so that men ate dinner by 
candle-light. The superstition of the time was such that men believed 
the Da}' of Judgment had come. The House of Representatives 
adjourned, and it was proposed to adjourn the Council. Colonel 
Davenport said : " The Da}' of Judgment is at hand or it is not. If 
not, there is no occasion for adjournment. If it is, I desire to be 
found doing m}' duty. Bring in the candles." There spoke a Puritan, 
brave and logical. 

Calvinism, however much we ma}' differ from its tenets, was 
always an appeal to the reason. The sermon was the chief form of 
literature which touched the people, and there was no hesitation in 
those days in preaching politics ; but whatever the subject, the dis- 
course was always an argument. However strange the teaching may 
seem to us, there was ever the recognition that every position taken 
must be supported by reason. Even the poetry of Wigglesworth is 
an attempt in rude rhyme to justify the ways of God with man. This 
unusual and extraordinary training of the reasoning faculty had its 
effect. These men, thus deveIoi)ed, went into the town meeting, or 
the House of Deputies, prepared to maintain what seemed to them to 
be right against all comers. Every law or proposition which affected 
public interest received the closest scrutiny. Under such a system 
public education developed as naturally and surely as the fruit follows 
the blossom. These men may have been narrow, but they were not 
shallow. They had high and noble ideals towards which they sought 
to move. Their task was a hard one, but they nerved themselves to 
duty by the thought that they were working in harmony with a divine, 
far-reaching plan. 

After the death of Wigglesworth, no minister seems to have made 
any marked impression on Maiden people until the Rev. Joseph 
Emerson came to spend here forty-six years. It seems a little 
strange that during tlie ministry of so wise and kindly a man there 
should have been so much of trouble and dissension. A most bitter 
contest arose over the location of a new meeting-house. The people 
in the south part of the town wanted it placed near Bell Rock, wliere 
the old church had stood, and the people of the north part of the town 
wanted it erected where the First Parish Church now stands. It does 



212 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

not seem like a great question, but for five 3-ears the fight raged with 
a fur}' which seems incredible. Town metitiug after town meeting was 
held. Parliamentary tactics were exhausted witliout eflfect. Arbitra- 
tors were appointed and decided in favor of tiie more northerly loca- 
tion, and the award was confirmed by tlie Great and General Court. 
But the southern party got the award, refused to record it, and aetu- 
all}- got a vote taken in town meeting not to record the award which 
they were bound by honor as well as law to carry out. Tliis brought 
the affair again before the Great and General Court. The Council 
took one course, the House another, tliough both bodies appear to 
have had the wisdom to see that the award should liave been recorded. 
At this stage of affairs the southern party actually got the materials 
together and were pi'oceeding to erect the building on the spot they 
favored, wiien the Superior Court of Judicature was appealed to, and 
promptly issued a mandannis ordering the southern paitj' to stop 
erecting the building anywdiere except on the location selected b}' the 
arbitrators. The Great and General Court was again appealed to, and 
the House set aside the mandamus, but with this the Council would 
not concur; the mandamus was thus left in force, and the meeting- 
house was built on the more northerly location. 

A debate on paper followed between the Council and Deputies, and 
in it there was raised the great question as to how men under govern- 
ment should be secured as to property and person. Here were being 
worked out the fundamental propositions that liberty can exist only 
under law, and that '' it is essential to the preservation of the rights 
of every individual, his life, libert}', property, and character, that there 
be an impartial interpretation of the laws and administration of 
justice," and that the judiciary shall be free from interference on the 
part of either the executive or legislative departments. Here was an 
apparently frivolous contest, — whether a meeting-house should be 
erected a few rods one way or the other. "■ What matters it?" we 
should say ; but not so our fathei's. They spared no pains till the 
best minds in the colony had applied themselves to the solution of the 
question, and the controversy had risen to a debate upon great con- 
stitutional questions. It is worth}' of note that the justices of the 
Superior Court seem never to have swerved from the correct view of 
the case. Here we see being developed the independent judiciary of 
Massachusetts which has been such an essential safeguard of our 
liberties. May it remain untainted by corruption, and lifted above 
every selfish and ignoble influence. 

It was somewhat more than a century after Maiden became a town 
before trouble with the mother country began to assume serious 
importance. Prior to this, while England in theory claimed control 
on this side of the Atlantic, practically the laws had never been 



THE ORATION 213 

severely enforced. Soon after George III. ascended the throne, in 
17G0, however, the British government undertook to impose taxes on 
the colcMiies. We can imagine the feelings of the peojjle of New 
England — wiio for more than a centiuT had been wont to gather in 
town meeting to debate and sift ever}' item of public expenditure, Avho 
had opposed any colony tax levied without the consent of the deputies, 
because " it was not safe to paj' moneys after that sort for fear of 
bringing themselves and posterity into bondage" — at being confronted 
by an impost placed upon them by the royal government, in which 
the}' had no voice. It was not a question of high taxes or of low 
taxes. The tea in the ships in Boston harbor would have been sold 
for less than the same article could have been bought for elsewhere. 
It was rather the idea that orders had been given by those who 
assumed to be masters to men who for long years had believed them- 
selves to be free and had no mind to be slaves. 

When, in 1765, the obnoxious Stamp Act was passed, Maiden, 
after waiting seven months, passed a vote of moderate and dignified 
remonstrance and instructed her representatives " by all lawful! means 
consistent with our Allegieanc}' to the King and relation to Great 
Britain to oppose the Execution of it til we can hear the success of 
the crys and petitions of America for reliefe." 

This was not the attitude of men carried awa}' b}' a wave of 
passion. They had not even enough patriotism to cause them to 
forget frugality. The town appears to have been reluctant to instruct 
its representative to vote to pay citizens of Boston for injuries to their 
propert}- suffered in the tax riots, and a motion to pay for powder 
used by some of the citizens in celebrating the repeal of the Stamp 
Act failed to pass. It is quite likely that these men, were they alive 
to-daj', would oppose appropriations for fireworks for the Fourth of 
July, or even for the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versaiT. It should be remembered, however, in mitigation of their 
attitude, that the valuation of JMalden in 1767 was less than two 
thousand pounds. 

At this time there was no determination to break with England ; 
only the feeling that an}' proposition which affected tlie interests of 
the colonists should be brought to the same test of public discussion, 
and a freeman's vote, to which they had so long been accustomed. The}' 
did not realize how far this simple plan was from the thoughts of the 
king, or that it was leading them straight on to the cry, " Liberty or 
Death ! " " 

As one question after another more or less intimately related to 
the trouble with the mother-land arose, the Maiden town meeting 
dealt with them as they had done with all other matters of public in- 
terest. They considered, they discussed, they voted. 



214 T WO H UNBRED A ND F I FT IE TH A NNI VER SA R Y 

In 1769, the deput}' was instructed: "You are to use your best 
Endeavors, that our invaluable Charter Liberties, Priviledges & Im- 
munities, dearly purchased b}- our Ancestors, and all the Rights 
derived to us from 3'*^ invariable Law of God and Nature, be trans- 
mitted inviolable to the latest Posterity." 

Mai'ch 5, 1770, the meeting voted with a directness which showed 
a rising spirit of resistance, " That we will not use any foreign Tea, 
nor countenance y*^ use of it in our Families, (unless for Sickness) 
till y'^ Revenue Acts are repealed." 

Before this time, in 1768, the Massachusetts Legislature had sent 
a letter to the legislative bodies in the other colonies, setting forth the 
importance of the issue raised b}' the acts of Parliament, that Massa- 
chusetts had petitioned the royal ministers for relief, and asking all 
tlie colonies to join in defending their rights. The governor of Mas- 
sachusetts, acting under orders from beyond the sea, demanded that 
this vote should be rescinded. Tlie legislature refused, and was dis- 
solved. Maiden sent a representative to the body which took the 
place of the legislature, which bodN", however, could do little save to 
protest against the unconstitutional acts of the governor and his ad- 
herents. It became clear that if the rights of the colonists were to 
be preserved, something must be done to supply the place of the leg- 
islature which had ceased to act. Governor Hutchinson had also 
clearh' shown his desire to suppress debate in town meetings. Then 
it was that Samuel Adams moved in Boston town meeting his famous 
committee of correspondence. The plan was for each town in Massa- 
chusetts to choose a committee to correspond and confer with com- 
mittees from other towns. It was but another step to correspondence 
between the colonies, and another to a continental congress. Maiden 
chose a committee of correspondence, sent a letter of thanks to the 
city of Boston, and passed resolutions pledging the town to join "in 
y** defence and support of our invaluable rights, Civil and Religious 
purchased b}' our ancestors at y'' expense of their treasure and their 
blood." Captain Ebenezer Harnden, their representative, was in- 
structed to be loyal to the sovereign, but to exert himself "to the 
utmost in order to obtain ... a confirmation of those rights and 
privileges, which to enjoy without molestation induced our forefathers 
to emigrate from their native land." 

When the tea ships arrived in Boston harbor, Maiden resolved, in 
language often since repeated, " That tlie inhabitants of this Town 
are ready at all times and upon all occasions to shed their best blood 
and treasure in defence of their just rights and privileges ; " and it 
was also voted to sup[)ort Boston in making a stand "against the 
illegal oppressions and exactions laid upon us b}' that which we once 
esteemed, our mother country, but which now seems at least to have 



THE ORATION 215 

lost the tenderness of a parent find to have become our great 
oppressors." 

The British government seemed bereft of wisdom. One oppres- 
sive measure followed another. The assembling of town meetings, 
except for clioice of officers, was forbidden without the consent of the 
governor. Tiie people, provoked beyond endurance, only gathered 
the more frequently, and resolutions grew stronger and more deter- 
mined. In August, 1774, it was voted " That it is the opinion of this 
Town that the late acts of the British Parliament ... are very un- 
just, unreasonable and cruel, and by no means to be submitted to." 
A little later it was voted, in giving instructions to a delegate to a 
provincial congress: "We need not inform you of our firm, our 
deliberate resolution, rather to risque our lives and fortunes than to 
submit to tiiese unrighteous acts of the British parliament, which 
pretend to regulate the government of this province." 

In October it was recommended that all inhabitants, save the 
aged and infirm, acquaint themselves with military discipline. The 
time for resolutions was drawing to an end ; tlie hour for action was 
at hand. All was now preparation for war. The meeting of April 
17, 1775, adjourned to April 20, but before that date events had 
occurred which so absorbed public attention that few were present, 
and another adjournment was necessary. 

With the battle of Lexington war had now begun ; and the same 
town meetings where al)stract questions of right had been discussed 
furnished a ready means whereby an army was gathered, supplies 
were furnished, and protection provided. 

All reverence for the old country was now rapidly disappearing. 
Independence soon became the great thought in the minds of tiie 
people. In May, 1776, one hundred and twenty-three years ago 
this month, in reply to a request of the legislature, Maiden was the 
first town in the colony to speak in favor of comi)lete independence. 
The vote reviews the relation of the colonies to England, tells how 
reluctantly they have been drawn to turn against her, and finally 
says, addressing their representative, Ezra Sargeant: "We have un- 
bounded Confidence in the wisdom & uprightness of the Continantall 
Congress with Pleasure we recolect that this Affair is under their 
Direction and we now Instruct you Sir, to give them the Strongest 
Assuerance that if that they Should Declare america to be a free & 
Jndependant Republick jour Constituance will Support and Defend 
the measure to the last Diop of their Blood & the last farthing of 
their Treasure." 

What would history have said to the people who talked thus 
if they had allowed themselves to be conquered? Eloquence is of little 
value unless it be sincere. These townsmen of ours, who moved so 



216 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

slowly along tlie path of lihert}', meant every word the}' uttered ; and 
they lived and died as they talked. 

Mr. Corey says that in 1776 the wiiite inhal)itants of the towni 
amounted to but ten hundred and thirty individuals, and that two 
hundred and thirty-one, more tlian one in five of the entire population, 
represented the little town and upheld her honor in the arm}' of the 
colonies. The graves of forty of these heroes are marked to-day in 
the old cemetery near Bell Rock. 

^Ve cannot stop to recite the honorable record of Maiden in the 
Revolution, or even to recall the names of her sons who fought for 
freedom on land and sea. 

In September, 1779, assembled the convention which adopted the 
constitution of the connnonwealth of Massachusetts. Maiden's dele- 
gate, chosen in a town meeting held in Charles Hill's west room, was 
very properly the Rev. Peter Thacher. He had been a foremost 
leader In all the stirring events prior to the Revolution, since 1770, 
and had probably written most of the ringing declarations adopted in 
the Maiden town meetings ; and now, when a new state was to be 
created, he was chosen to the great task of helping to frame its funda- 
mental law ; and be appears to have filled a large place in the conven- 
tion. He did not get all he wished. His idea of democratic 
simplicity was offended by a governor addressed as " his Excellenc}' ; " 
but he was a man of sense, and Maiden, undoubtedh' with his ap- 
proval, instructed him, if he could not secure amendments, to consent 
to tliat constitution which is now regarded as one of the most admi- 
rable documents of its kind ever devised 'oy man. 

Massachusetts thus, by the consent of her peoi)le in town meetings 
assembled, became a free commonwealth. A few years later, a con- 
stitution on similar lines was adopted by a convention representing 
the difterent colonies, and a new nation, the product of the develop- 
ment of the spirit of ril)erty among the common people, came into 
being, — "a government of the people, for the people, and bj- the 
people ; " the grandest of human institutions. 

Since the forming of the nation, the stor}- of Maiden has been for 
the most part that of quiet and gradual growth. Once a great ques- 
tion of human rights arose ; and Maiden, remembering how our 
fathers had adopted a constitution which made Massachusetts a land 
of freedom for all men, black and white, promptly resolved to furnish 
to her full proportion " the men and the means " to crush the rebel- 
lion. Some of the heroes who " fought to make men free" are with 
us yet, but of more it must be sadly said, — 

" On Fame's eternal camping-ground 
Their silent tents are spread, 
And Glory guards with solemn round 
The bivouac of the dead." 



THE ORATION 217 

The changes of two hundred and fifty years have been colossal. 
Maiden has grown from a straggling i)lantation of a few hundred souls 
to a city of thirty-three thousand, and in the territory which was once 
within the limits of the town there are now more than seventy thou- 
sand inhabitants. Then a scant}' population fringed bits of the 
Atlantic coast ; to-day a nation, rapidly increasing beyond seventy 
millions in number, stretches from sea to sea, and, still further on, 
we possess Alaska, the Sandwich Islands, Porto Rico, and have 
responsibilities in Cuba and the Philippines, — an empire vast beyond 
the wildest dream of the Puritans of Massachusetts Ba}'. 

Two hundred and fifty 3ears ago, luxury was unknown among us, 
and magnificence was beyond thought. The wealthiest were barely 
able to procure the necessities of life. To-day, we are by far the 
richest nation on earth. 

But expansion in territory and increase in wealth are far outshone 
bj- the extension of human knowledge and the enlarged reach of the 
power of man. What would have been the reception in the first town 
meeting in Maiden of a statement that the time would come when 
man would talk with man two thousand miles awa}' ; when ships would 
cross the wide Atlantic in five days, and carriages without horses roll 
along a mile in a minute ; when at breakfast-table people in Maiden 
would read the doings of all the world up to within a few hours be- 
fore? I fear the speaker, according to the old New England custom, 
would have been warned out of town, and quite likely assisted in his 
departure. 

In the midst of all this advance, what has become of the spirit of 
liberty? Men sometimes speak as if we have now nothing to do but 
to enjoy what has been won for us by the bitterness of the past ; as 
if the final struggle for libert}^ had been made. It is true that the 
deeds of those who first settled our land will never be repeated. 
There is no other such countr}- on earth to be opened to civilization, 
and such events as those which gave our ancestors a peculiar prepara- 
tion for their work will not again occur. But while scandals attach 
to elections to our highest legislative body ; while offices are filled by 
machinations of those seeking their private gains rather than the 
public welfare ; while great combinations of wealth close the avenues 
of trade to the common people ; while corruption dominates the great 
cities, leading to boundless extravagance ; and while men are hunted 
and exterminated like wild beasts, — it would seem as if our freedom 
was not yet perfect. 

If we turn to the world at large, in how little of it do we find even 
a moderate liberty ! Does it exist in France, where a Dreyfus is 
exiled to a lonely island, without even being allowed to hear the 
testimony or see the evidence presented against him ? Does it exist 



218 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

in German}', where a thoughtless jest, supposed to reflect on the AVar- 
Lord who rules the land, sends one to prison ? Or in Russia, where 
the Jews are persecuted, the Stundists are banished, and the worthiest 
citizen is liable at any moment, without a trial or a hearing, to be 
hurried to the frozen wilds of Siberia? The agonizing cries of tlie 
martyrs in Cuba and Armenia, not yet wholly stifled b^' the hin-l}'- 
burly of the world, still ring in our ears. There is no proof as yet 
that the struggle against despotism has been ended on earth. 

In battles for freedom yet to come have vve no part? Is it wise, 
is it safe, even for ourselves, shutting the door of our palace of de- 
light, to devote ourselves to pleasure or to lie down to rest? Freedom 
is a jewel which, if it be shut in a casket and locked never so care- 
fuU}', will grow dim, but worn flashing on the sword in the midst of 
conflict grows brighter and brighter. 

Some are devising plans that we ma}' keep out of the world's 
strifes that are coming. Vain thought ! to hope to live, and to escape 
the trials of life. Let us rather seek to honorabl}' and faithfully do 
our part toward lifting the world to those heiglits whence can be seen 
the glory of that perfect truth which makes men free. 

We have chosen the king of birds as the emblem of liberty, and it 
is significant that the life of the eagle from the time the parent bird 
" stirreth up her nest," and pushes out the young from the dizzy 
heights, is one not of inglorious ease, but of struggle and of 
conquest. 

" Oh, not yet 
Mayst thou unbrace thy corselet, nor lay by 
Thy sword : nor yet, O Freedom, close tliy lids 
In slumber : for thine enemy never sleeps ; 
And thou must watch and combat till the day 
Of the new earth and heaven." 

We cannot plan the march of the spirit of liberty as generals map 
out campaigns. Nations are guided by rules of destin}' the human 
mind has never fathomed. When the Puritans came to Massachusetts 
Bay, the}' certainly had no intention of founding a new state, free 
from IvUgland's control. When they came together on the plantations 
to look after their common interests, they did not dream what the 
town meeting would do for the land. When the contention against 
taxation without representation began, how little of the great conflict 
before them did the colonists see ! Up to the very dawn of the Revo- 
lution, Washington, Adams, and other leaders protested tliat they 
" abhorred the idea of independence." And when independence was 
won, at that critical time when the birth of the nation hung in the 
balance, how the wisest of men failed to discern the coming glory. 
And in our own time, when Abraham Lincoln was elected president, 



OLD MALDEN 219 

he (lid not anticipate the proclamation of emancipation ; nor wlien 
William McKinley entered the White House, did lie expect that he 
should declare war against Spain and give liberty to Cuba and to 
many islands beyond the sea. The path which a nation travels, 
whether to ignominy or glor}-, is marked out ])}• no human forethought. 
The record of the ages joins with the prophet when he says, " Thus 
saith the Lord. I am the Lord thy God . . . which leadeth thee by 
the way that thou shouldest go." 

Our fathers did well the work given them to do. They failed to 
see with perfect vision ; but they turned their faces toward the light, 
and with feet that never faltered, eyes that dimmed not, and as brave 
hearts as ever beat in human breasts, moved onward, believing they 
were doing God's will. With the progress of all the 3-ears gone by, 
can we do more? The future is to us, as it was to them, an unknown 
land, into which we journe}', knowing not whither we shall be led. 

" We front the sun, and on the purple ridges 
The virgin future lifts her veil of snow ; 
Look backward, and an arch of s2:)lendor bridges 
The gulf of long ago." 

At the conclusion of the oration, which was listened to with 
marked attention and frequent applause, the orchestra and chorus 
rendered a march and chorus from Wagner's Tamiltduser, — 

" Hail, bright abode, where song the heart rejoices, 
May lays of peace within thee never fail." 

The President. — W^ith Orator}- and Music, Poesy came upon the 
earth. To the eloquence and power of the one she added the sweet- 
ness and i-hythm of the other ; and thenceforth the three swayed the 
world, arousing passion and inciting to deeds of valor, or quelling the 
storm and bringing peace and love. To-da}' they speak to us of 
the past ; and as Oratory and Music have claimed our thoughts and 
charmed our ears, Poes}' comes with sober thought or lighter play to 
bring her vision of the days of old. It is m}- pleasant duty to intro- 
duce to you the poet of the day, the Rev. Theron Brown. 

"S OLD MALDEX. 

By the Rev. Tuerox Brown. 

You came from Camelot. What lingering strain 

Of Briton, Roman, Saxon, Celt, or Dane 

May tinge the blood you drew from England's breast 

All traits were lilended where the}' blended best, 

Wlien first at INIystic Side and INIishawum 

You set the stakes of Yankee Christeudom. 



220 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

You came from Camelot, whose heights had seen 

In arms the rugged hordes of Cymbeline, 

And where the ground to ever}- river's source 

Bore the charmed lioof-prints of King Arlhiu's horse. 

His noble Knights in vision waved God-speed 

To the first exiles of their dauntless breed, 

And gave 3our ancestry that faced the sea 

Their lion-flag of power and victory. 

Old Camelot ! No Saxon tongue would hail 
" Camalodunum" (with its Roman tail), 
But '• Meldune" saved its rude syllabic sound 
Till English Maldon slewed its vowels round, 
And in the century that learned to spell, 
Your Maiden tuned it like a minster bell. 
You own four letters of a kingdom grown 
In deathless romance to a fame full-blown ; 
You own all chivalry b}- Time's quitclaim ; 
You own the windfall of a town's good name. 

You own the land. Your sons may study yet 
The deed old Mrs. Nane[)asheniet 
Made to ^-our sires in legal whitc-and-black 
For one-and-twent}' coats to warm lier back, 
Twelve pecks of corn to make her breakfast mash, 
And nineteen six-foot strings of wampum cash. 
'Twas a fair bargain ; and no man shall say 
Your founders stole the township where the}' stay. 

The}' were God's yeomanry, the first who plied 
Their plowshares in these acres wild and wide, 
Went miles to mill and meeting, storm or sun, 
AVatched for sly Indians, and, with club or gun, 
In the tall timber and the tangled brake 
Fought bear and wildcat, wolf and rattlesnake. 
Brave men they were, but men of slender cheer ; 
Their hope was narrow, and their faith severe ; 
Their eyes in Nature's glorious tints and lines 
Saw not her poems, but her " warning signs." 
On wrath and judgment year by year they fed ; 
They took John Calvin with their daily bread, 
And drank, in hours forbid to fireside mirth, 
The awful strains of Michael Wigglesworth. 



OLD MAIDEN 221 

In vain, to understand the mental loom 

That wove the Maiden parson's Dai/ of Doom, 

We search in modern thought of God or man. 

The book was dreamed when dreams to niglitniare ran, 

When children's school-daj- glimpse thro' learning's prism 

Stopped at tlie " Three R's,"and the catechism, 

And on the church's altars deep engraved 

The Christ tliat punislied liid tlie Christ that saved. 

Blame not tlie rhymer, nor his horrors scorn ; 

He wrote for Puritans, among them born. 

Ill half his life, and racked with daily dole, 

A sick man's body ruled a sick man's soul, 

And wrought his fancj' to a solemn rage 

That onh' softened with his healthier age. 

Alive to-day to feel the hopes that glow 

In the same scheme his vision filled with woe, 

And taste the holier teachings that succeed 

The stern soul-culture of his time and creed, 

His pious heart would rue the moment when 

Those fearful verses left his tragic pen. 

In the old chapel ten yards long and wide, 

Where Wigglesworth preached forty years — and died, 

No other fire religion dared to use 

Than pulpit zeal could kindle in the pews. 

From fall to spring the air with stinging search 

Shot Sunday agues thro' the Maiden church. 

Congealed their breath, ran races down their spines. 

And curled the children up like porcupines. 

Na}-, later, when the missed communion board 

In winter Pastor Emerson restored, 

King Cold with hand profane usurped the spread. 

And on the table froze the sacred bread ! 

The pastor yielded. No device was found 

To serve tlie Eucharist the seasons round. 

In vain, to save the rite, with sad desire 

He thought of all expedients — all but fire. 

Tho' Satan's covenant twins were sin and cold, 

A stove in church was heresj' too bold. 

No less that worthy parson's heart was warm : 

He knew alike to suffer and conform. 

All praise of faithfulness and godly skill 

Is praise of Joseph Emerson ; and still 

The great-grandfather of the Concord sage 

Immortal stands on Maiden's holiest page. 



222 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNTVERSARY 

B\' one SI3' whim of fate a village boy 

Who shared those shivering Sundays' doubtful J03' 

Grew up to conjure with his frozen hands, 

And made a fortune selling warming-pans ! 

He left his mother church a round bequest, 

But when the cynic's smile and witling's jest 

Proclaim " Lord " Dexter, with his odd renown, 

Tiie proof of greatness born in Maiden town, 

You know another name no joker's fun 

Has ever tossed in travesty or pun, — 

A name whose serious weight is foolery's foil, 

Whose lustre vindicates your pride of soil. 

Yon ancient parsonage, where half a score 

Of preachers housed a hundred 3-ears and more. 

Became the birthplace of a world-wide man 

When Adoniram Judson's life began. 

At the gate of the golden East, 

Where the Irrawadd}' falls, 
Stood a lonel_y Christian priest, 

And watched by the dragon walls. 

In the hour of his spirit's strife 

Christ's Angel over the lands, 
With a seed of the Tree of Life, 

Had flown to his waiting hands. 

With a zeal no peril w^ould cool, 
Forearmed for sorrow and stress. 

He had come from the white man's school 
To the brown man's wilderness, — 

From the home of a faith too deep 

For vows unmeaningl}' made. 
To the temples of gods who sleep 

In precepts never obeyed. 

Far out of the West he came, 

In the bloom of his brave young days, 

From a realm where sin is shame 
To a people who sang its praise. 

He sowed the miracle-seed, 

And the heaven-tree sprouted small 

In the tangles of demon-weed, 
By the stones of the pagan wall. 



OLD MALDEN 223 

In the ago-wovn scars it grew 

Of the arches giant-spanned, 
And it fed on the breath and dew 

Of the praj-ers of liis native land ; 

Till he saw the rampart bar 

To its swelling strength nnpin, 
And the grim gate swung ajar, 

And the Kniglit of the Cross went in. 

Tlien the " lord of the golden foot " 

Swore doom to the tree unknown, 
For the heave of its awful root 

Was shaking his idol throne. 

He smote its planter in wrath, 

But its shining leaves took wing 
Where tlie slave in the tiger's path 

Chose death for dread of a king. 

Thev flew to the sick man's pain, 

'Jo the toiler's task in the sun — 
And Bethlehem's angel strain 

Was written on everj^ one. 

O'er the flamen's muttering muse, 

And the lote-flower worshipper's hum, 
The song of the world's glad news 

To the Ikirman soul cried, " Come ! " 

And the hunger of hearts increased 

For the Crucified Son of Man, 
For the wounded Christian priest 

Was wiser tlian Ah-rah-han. 

In the groves where Gautama sat 

He talked, and the heathen heard 
For the tales of the Be-ta-gat 

The music of Love's fii'st word. 

And the ejes of a race looked up 

From the gloom of a faith inane, 
Where smiled no pardon or hope, 

And sorrow for sin was vain. 



224 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

He called at the idol's feet 

In tlie shadow of 8h\vay-san-gau, 

" The Star of Mere}' is sweet, 
And it beams on Burma now. 

" Break, Athor's measureless Dark, 

That liid in 3'our Pali scrolls 
Religion's heavenly spark 

From a hundred million souls, 

" And rise, O Sun of the world, 
Aud spread, unwithering Tree, 

Till the dragon temples are hurled 

From the land the Christ makes free ! " 



We carve on the soldier's stone 
The fame of his derring-do, 

But the fields God's witness won 
Are wider than Waterloo. 

Fit home are the heavenly plains 
For the spirit that greath' gave, 

Fit rest for his great remains 
The ocean's infinite grave. 

And well that Christendom rears, 
Wliere the swarthy Gentiles swarm. 

In its glory of fruitful years, 

The work that liis hand left warm. 

And the piled pagodas lean 

As the plumes of the Life-tree rise. 
And its strong roots cleave unseen 

Tlie shrines of the ancient lies. 

Thej' are coming, whose life unlearns 
The prate of the old kyoungs. 

And the prayer of a dead man earns 
A harvest of tribes and tongues. 

Nor in vain glad history paints 
The hero with praise and pride, 

And the three fair, faithful saints 
Who served and smiled at his side ; 



15 



OLD MAIDEN 225 

For the ardor of Christian search, 

By his summons kindled to flame, 
Still burns in the mighty church 

That rallied to Judson's name. 



And Burma shall see her star 

B}- his finger of hope supreme 
When the last Boodh's avatar 

Has welcomed the nigban dream ; 

For the Lord's own accolade 

Of fire gave Judson the van 
In the host of the Avorld's crusade, 

In the mission of man to man. 

The peaceful trophies of j'our foremost son 

Surround the globe; but worthy work was done 

B}- other sons, whose eulogies belong 

In local storj- and provincial song. 

No warriors stung with lust of fight were they 

Who turned your virgin sod ; but, night or day, 

If meddlers with colonial rights grew bold 

And armed defence must wall the civic fold, 

Their course they never waited to discuss, 

But dropped the spade and seized the blunderbuss. 

Ere down the Naumkeag footpath came the Spragues, 

The poor Pawtuckets, swept by mortal plagues 

And butchered by the ravening Tarratines, 

Had shrunk to shadows in the oaks and pines. 

Too shy to face, too weak to overthrow, 

Or rouse tlie white man to a real foe ; 

But when King Philip hurled his vengeful ban 

And cried his summons to each savage clan, 

The men of Maiden, and their Charlestown kin, 

Saw racial hate in everj' copper skin. 

Their weapons met the danger at the door, 

With foot and horse they joined the gathering war, 

Thro' drifted snow, in vengeance sternly dumb. 

They marched, unthrilled by eager fife and drum, 

And, borne to battle with no scarlet pomp, 

Met death with death in Narragansett Swamp. 



226 T WO HUNDRED A ND FIFTIE TH A NNI VERSA R Y 

Another generation lield the van 

When cannon took Port Ro^-al for Queen Anne ; 

Another mustered wlieu a merchant led 

The venture drafted in a lawyer's head, 

And shared at Louisburg the naval feat 

That shook the Frenchman from his Scotian seat. 

The da}' the blood of Bunker Hill o'erflowed 
The Half Moon Tavern on the Salem Road, 
Where, 'mid the gleanings of death's harvest grounds. 
Knelt surgeon-landlord Porter dressing wounds. 
That da}-, and not till then, from tlireats to blows 
Tlie passion of the Revolution rose. 
And o'er the aslies of her sister town 
Maiden broke bondage to a hateful Crown. 

(As if a witness to the deed must stand 
Between the people's and the King's command, 
That ancient tavern, jolliest of its kind, 
AVhere man}' a Tory, and his horse, had dined. 
With its last service to tliose wounded guests 
Shut stable, bed, and bar to all behests, 
And never, night or da}', to thirsty men 
Sold rum and cider-syllabub again.) 

The boast of blood that pulsed in patriots' veins 
At Bunker Hill, at Trenton, at White Plains, 
No higher speech or fonder faith requires 
Tlian praise of fathers by their altar-fires. 
Who stood as citizens thro' good or ill 
To shield the State and shape the public will. 
^ Nor aught in fearless honor more could be, 
Cheever on land or Waters on the sea. 
Than stalwart Thacher's spirit in the air 
Cheering the sad and scaling heaven with prayer. 
Behind the bulwarks of the Bible set. 
He taught his flock their priv'lege and their debt, 
And ere in Congress Hall the crucial hour 
Of Freedom struck, the people knew their power. 
The question came — the test of long renowns — 
And, first of all the Massachusetts towns 
The oath of Independence to confess, 
On that May morning Maiden voted "Yes." 



OLD MALDEN 227 

Your social stoiy needs no flag to wave. 
Your sires were modest, and as good as brave. 
Their homes are sacred, but ni}- reverent pen 
On dead leaves that deserve to live again 
For Mystic Side may trace its 3ears of peace, 
And say its virtues were its best police. 



One man was there whom Satan never fooled. 

The workhouse master, " Honest John," John Gould, 

Who watched his conscience with unsleeping eye. 

And paid his debts, and never told a lie — 

And always, when he felt his anger frown, 

Fled to the woods and pra3'ed the devil down. 

It means no cavil at their moral trim 

To think his neighbors were not all like him. 

No slur on ancient piet}' to sa}' 

Good men " got mad," as good men do to-daj- ; 

But truth was in them ; not a bone would lean, 

And honor kept their family records clean. 

With foot on hearthstone, learned in patriarch law. 

And Bible-ripe when politics were raw, 

They mounted guard ; and in his castle wall 

Each ruled his household for the good of all. 

Your great-grandmotliers, handsome, keen, and quaint. 

Were watched as daughters with austere restraint, 

And parents, quick to chide and slow to soothe. 

Cared less that humor laughed or love ran smooth 

Than for such manners, doctrine, dress, and grace 

As proved a damsel of tlie Roundhead race. 

Well for the " stiddy," orthodox young man 

Who boldlv sparked a pretty Puritan, 

But woe to stripling ga}- in coxcomb gear 

Who buzzed soft flatteries in her basliful ear 

AVhcn private search exposed his cloven track 

And judgment wrote " Upharsin " on his back ! 

No match that contravened the household na}- 

Was " made in heaven." It came the other way. 

Between the sh' Pliilistine, plunder-bent. 

And girl of Israel in her sacred tent, 

Domestic statute dug a ditch as wide 

As mad Leander swam to Hero's side. 

And raised a rampart hopeless as the bound 

Priscilla Upham and Paul AVilson found. 



228 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Paul Wilson's years were twent3--five — 

(With many a blot between) ; 
The lass he wooed and thought to wive 

Was turning sweet sixteen ; 
And frowning friends in prudent part 

GaA'e warning, cool and wise, 
Her lover had no grace of heart 

Beneath his grace of size. 

" I like him not," quoth Deacon John, 

" A jouth of rash renown — 
His wild and grievous goings-on 

Have scandalized the town. 
He brawleth with the men of sin. 

He loveth rum too well, 
His lawless feet go out and in 

Where Sabbath-breakers dwell. 

" 'T was he who led the midnight rout 

That shamed Thanksgiving-tide, 
When fires and plunderings round about 

Upset all Charlestown side. 
A wight so graceless, heart and head — 

A son of Belial he ! 
Should such m}- daughter woo and wed ? 

Go to ! It shall not be ! " 

Priscilla hung her bead. Her cheeks 

From pink to scarlet blazed 
To hear her handsome suitor's freaks 

Like deadly sins dispraised, 
And half resolved and half demurred 

Her gidd\' school-girl brain 
To dare her angry father's word 

Or jilt her madcap swain. 

Her brother Phineas blamed her plight : 

The smart was all too new 
Of mockeries on his marriage night 

By Wilson and his crew, 
When late for wildcat mischief met 

Their mirth and mad ado, 
His bridal window sore beset 

From one till half-past two. 



OLD MALDEN 229 

" What whim the sill}' chit hath struck? 

Be all the good men dead ? 
The betters of yon roj-stering buck 

Grow on the trees ! " he said. 
" Tho' built with lesser length and girth, 

And scanter flesh and bone, 
Tom Crosswell's lightest ounce is worth 

Paul AVilson's 'ieven stone." 

Still round the damsel's heart and house 

The dogged lover hung, 
And smiled his smiles and vowed his vows, 

And swore with stubborn tongue 
No power should push his schemes amiss ; 

If maid with man would go. 
His stolen wedding should be yes 

To all New England's no. 

The father heard : his wrath waxed hot. 

He faced the swaggering blade. 
" What wolf within my fold hath got 

To ply his wicked trade ? 
Thy song is sung, thy laugh is laughed ; 

Bold runagate, begone ! 
The law shall stop thy pestering craft 

Henceforth," quoth Deacon John. 

Bound over in ten sterling pounds 

To keep the public peace, 
The " wolf- withdrew to safer grounds — 

Without his lambkin's fleece. 
Time taught him next on Cupid's scout 

To score a winning run ; 
And Philip's winter war froze out 

His last unrul}' fun. 

Paul Wilson's check was Crosswell's chance ; 

Priscilla's heart was young. 
Her wilder beau could only dance 

The tune the tame one sung. 
She married Tom — and lives would pass 

As sweet as theirs to-day 
If every lad would court his lass 

The same old honest wa}-. 



230 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

The silent elders lie beneath the loam, 

Those strong, stern guards of virtue, peace, and home. 

No sign their vanished presence has bequeathed 

Save some faint hand-mark where they walked and breathed, 

Or sad, slim relic from oblivion plowed. 

Like the three pins of Phineas Upham's shroud. 

Yet here their lives thro' filial channels stream 

In multitude beyond their boldest dream. 

Your ten " town fathers," when with sturdy arms 

They ran a parish fence round seventy farms 

Nor knew nor guessed their little hamlet hives 

Within the measure of four human lives 

Would swarm a history, on foot and wing. 

That asks a song of epic length to sing. 

Not mine. Your private right to read his rhj'me 

Transcends the poet's claim to public time. 

Your library invites. Its cool purlieu, 

Fair Citv, thanks a name your village knew, 

In that stored cloister greet the past, and hold 

Your Converse with the saints and sages old ; 

Admiring, forage thro* the long between 

From Goodman Thomas Squire to Mayor Dean, 

Then rise refreshed to push your i)roud careers 

Down the home-stretch of your three hundred ^ears. 

The succeeding number, written for the occasion, was conducted 
by the composer. It is intended as a recognition of the hand of 
Divine Providence in the affairs of men. In the performance, 
voices and instruments gave expression to the words of the psalm by 
the various musical devices employed b}' composers, during which the 
trumpets and trombones were heard playing Old Hundred. At the 
close, the audience, rising, joined in singing the doxology. 

A FESTIVAL ANTHEM. 
Bv Obadiah Bruen Brown. For Quartet and Chorus. 

Praise the Lord, O Jerusalem ; praise thou thy God, Zion. For 
He hath strengthened the bars of thy gates ; He hath blessed thy 
children within thee. He maketh thy border peace ; with the finest 
of the wheat He fiUeth thee. He sendeth forth his commandment 
upon earth : His word runneth verj' swiftlj'. He giveth snow like 
wool : He scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. He caste th forth His 
ice like morsels : who can stand before His cold ? He sendeth out His 
word and melteth them : He causeth His wind to blow, the waters 



THE CONCERT AND BALL 231 

flow. He sheweth His word unto Jacob, His statutes and His 
judgments unto Israel. He hath not dealt so with any nation : and 
His judgments, tliey have not known them. — Ps. cxlvii. 12-20. 

My moutli shall speak the praise of the Lord : and let all flesh 
bless His holy name for ever and ever. — Ps. cxlv. 21. 

Praise God from whom all blessings flow, 
Praise Him all creatures here below. 

Praise Him above, ye heavenly host, 

Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Amen. 

THE BEXEDICTIOX 
was then pi-onounced by the Rev. Joshua AVyman Wellman, D.D. ; and 

THE DRESDEN AMEN, 

sung with feeling by the chorus, closed the exercises. 



PROMENADE CONCERT AND BALL. 

In arranging the features of Maiden's celebration, there was a well- 
considered and effective attempt made to give due and proportional 
prominence to the diff'erent phases of the civic life whose evolution 
has made the city what it is to-day. The educational, the religious, 
the military, the athletic, the business sides were each presented in 
due order. The distinctively social side of tlie city's life found recog- 
nition in the grand concert and ball which was held on Monday even- 
ing, in the Anniversary Building. 

It is probable that if one of the typical forefathers or foremothers 
of the little hamlet of Mystic Side had been privileged to revisit the 
scenes of his life, and to view our celebration as an invisible, but (you 
may be sure) a deeply interested spectator, he would have been as 
much impressed by the ball as by any one feature. This would have 
filled him with a sense of novelty such as he wt- id not have experi- 
enced in viewing the other featiu-es. Our spleiif i school system, mag- 
nificently as it has developed, found yet its Mtal germ in the quaint 
little square schoolhouse which was its prototype. The religious 
element of the community he would find merely expanded and 
deepened, not different in kind. Perchance some of the differences 
of creed and argument would have had a still familiar sound in his 
ear. 

So in the business and military growth of our community. But 
in the social life of the early community there was little to suggest 



232 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the wealth, fashion, and social pomp which were exempUfied in the 
ball. 

And 3'et the development thus indicated is, perhaps, as important 
as any shown during the celebration. If social life and prestige 
mean an^'thing, the}' mean the very culmination, the goal of our 
civilization. They must be the crowning pride of the social edifice, 
to which the rest are but avenues of approach. The art of social 
deportment and interchange is reckoned by the greatest of philoso- 
phers as among the xevy highest. Emerson ranks it as scarcely 
second to an}- field of human endeavor. 

But without attempting to set forth the philosophj- of the matter, 
we may follow with interest the thouglits of the supposed ancestor, 
as he steps, viewing but viewless, into the great hall on Monday' 
evening. 

Coming from a community where social life was of the simplest, 
where men were chiefl\- engrossed in the sterner warfare for daily 
bread, and where such pleasures as were indulged were enjoyed, in 
characteristic Anglo-Saxon fashion, moult tristement, he would haA^e 
felt queer indeed as he stepped into the hall and looked seriously 
about him. 

He would have seen an ample and tastefullj' decorated building 
with great floor-space, given over to music and dancing in a fashion 
little dreamed of in old Mystic Side. That he would have been 
wholly pleased is not to be supposed ; but that would be his own un- 
avoidable misfortune. He would have been intensely interested, and 
would have been the last to leave. 

The dancing was pi'oeeded by a concert by the Salem Cadet Band, 
assisted by Miss Eugenie Marie Foss of Maiden, that was a feast to 
the lovers of music. It was the first public appearance of Miss Foss, 
and her singing was a notable feature of the evening. In all her 
numbers she sang with excellent effect, revealing the possession of a 
voice of a rich, mellow contralto quality'. The generous applause 
which she received was well deserved. 

PROMENADE CONCERT BY THE SALEM CADET BAND. 

Jean M. Missun, Conductor. 

8.80 TO 10 p. M. 

March. — "Under The Double Eagle." Wagner. 
Overture. — " William Tell," Rossini. 
Songs, with Piano. (Eugenie Marie Foss): 

a. " The Clover Blossoms." Rogers. 

h. " I 'm Wearin' Awa'." Foote. 

c. "The Years at the Spring." Rogers. 



THE CONCERT AND BALL 



233 



Soi-o, for Cornet. (Mr. B. B. Keyes). — " For All Eternity." Mascheroni. 

a. "Narcissus." Nevin. 

h, "Minuet." Paderewski. 
Selection. — " The Idol's Eye." Herbert. 

Song. — " My Heart 's in the Highlands." Madame Helen Hopehirk. 
Finale. — National Melodies. " The North and the South." Bendix. 

At the close of the concert, at a signal from the leader, the first 
strains of the grand march were heard ; and more than two hundred 
couples, led bj' Chairman Elisha W. Cobb, of the committee, with 
^trs. Charles H. Sprague, and Mr. Charles H. Sprague with Mrs. 
Elisha W. Cobb, joined in tlie brilliant line which with rhythmic move- 
ment opened the ball. 

It was near ten o'clock when the dancing began, and it was kept 
up until about one o'clock. Half a thousand dancers danced un- 
crowded on the spacious floor. Man}' numbers were encored. To 
speak of the costumes were a long task. Our wondering, sober- 
minded spectator felt his head swim. Before him floated and whirled 
fair women and devoted cavaliers clad in such wise as he had never 
even pictured in his fanc}'. The sociall}' elect of not onl}' Maiden, but 
of many other towns and cities were present. The committee was 
aided b}- the following named gentlemen : — 

EvERELL F. Sweet, Floor Director. 



Andrew H. Brown. 
H. C. Buckminster. 
Geo. A. Butman. 

F. Bcrton Carlisle. 
Ernest L. Chandler. 

G. Morton Chase. 
M. Sumner Coggan. 
Herbert Flanders. 
F. Leon Foss. 
Warren F. Gould. 
Ralph M. Griffln. 
A. L. Hitchcock. 

W. A. Hitchcock, M.D. 
Edward B. Home. 
"Wm. C. Keen. 
Fred C. Libbey. 
Frank L. Locke. 



Wm. 0. Lovell. 
Albert N. Page. 
Geo. R. Presb3^ 
Walter B. Robertson. 
Wm. Robertson, Jr. 
Arthur L. Robinson. 
Willard E. Robinson. 
Homer E. Sawj-er. 
Elmer F. Smith. 
Geo. M. Tilson. 
John J. Walsh. 
Archie A. Way. 
Wm. J. Weeks, M.D. 
Frank E. White. 
Edward H. Wiggin. 
Russell B. Wiggin. 
Stephen E. Winship. 



234 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



ORDER OF DANCES. 

1 March and Waltz. " And it fell upon a day in the mei-rj' month of 

May." 

2 Lanciers. " Variety 's the very spice of life, that gives it all its flavour." 

3 Two Step. " A sight to dream of, not to tell." 

4 Quadrille. " Everything by starts and nothing long." 

5 ScHOTTisCHE. " Joy rises in me like a summer's moon." 

6 Waltz. "It beggared all description." 

7 Portland Fancy. " Lay on, Macduff, and damned be him that first 

cries, Hold, enough ! " 

8 Waltz. " One touch of nature makes the whole world kin." 

9 Quadrille. " On with the dance ! let joy be unconfined." 

10 Two Step. " The bell strikes ^- We take no note of time but by its loss." 

11 Waltz (Blue Danube). " The end crowns all." 

1st Extra (Sweetheart Waltz). " When more is meant than meets the ear." 

2d Extra. " Which not even critics criticise." 

3d Extra. " How blessings brighten as they take their flight." 

4th Extra. " Eyes, look your last ; arms, take your last embrace." 

During the dancing, there was served in the anteroom, in Dill's 
finest style, a lunch such as our unsophisticated spectator had never 
seen or lieard of in his humble lifetime. It achieved an instant and 
ardent popularity that was alone a sufficient tribute to its merits. 

When our pilgrim at last came out into the starlight, which was 
already trembling with the first suggestion of dawn, it was evident 
that he was in deep meditation. Slowly and thoughtfull}' he wended 
his way back to the Bell Rock Cemeter}-. So changed, so amplified, 
so complicated, was his thought ! What vaster changes in social 
spheres will the next quarter-centurj^ see? As he disappeared, the 
last belated carriages were slowly wending homeward, and the great 
social event of the celebration had passed. 



P R G R A M. 

TUESDAY, MAY 23, 1899. 

9.00 A.M. Flight op Homing Pigeons — Anniversary 
Building. 

10.30 A.M. Grand Military and Civic Parade. 

Forms on Highland Avenue, and moves through Highland Avenue, Maple 
Street, Dexter Street, Clifton Street, Summer Street, Mountain Avenue, 
Washington Street, Pleasant Street, Salem Street, Maplewood Street, East- 
ern^ Avenue, Bryant Street, Cross Street, Hancock Street, Appleton Street, 
Main Street, to Central St^uare, where it will be reviewed bv Governor 
Wolcott. ^ 

3.30 P.M. Evening Parade and Review by the Gov- 
ernor — Near Fells Station. 
6.00 P.M. Banquet — Anniversary Building. 
8.00 P.M. Fireworks — Eaton's Field, Salem Street. 

Salutes at 6 a.m. and at sunset. 
Band Concert at Fireworks Display. 

Guests' Reviewing Stand — Near City Hall. 

Carriages for use of Guests, for driving about the city, will be at the dis- 
posal of the Reception Committee, except during the Parade. 



EXERCISES OF TUESDAY. 



TUESDAY opened upon an ideal day for the events of the cele- 
bration, nor could the most exacting mind have wished for a 
milder air or a clearer sk}". Like Monda}-, it was welcomed by salutes 
of bombs and bells, and later b}- crowds that gathered more quickly 
and in denser bodies than on the preceding da}-. From all directions, 
b}- steam cars and electrics, by barges and wagons, by bicA'cles and 
on foot, throngs of old and 3'oung, of all sorts and conditions, poured 
into the streets, moving towards the Western Division station, where 
the governor was to arrive, or towards Highland Avenue, where the 
several divisions of the parade were forming. Later, the sidewalks 
and at some points the roadways were filled with eager spectators ; 
while all along the route, piazzas, and windows, and sometimes the 
roofs, were filled with more quiet, but as impatiently expectant, forms. 
Complimentary to the ladies of Maiden and their visitors was the 
report of a representative of the Boston press, that " every other 
person was a prett}- girl." 

Special trains were run on the Western Division of the Boston and 
Maine railroad as often as they were needed, and it is estimated 
that sixty thousand people were handled at that station alone; wdiile 
the electric lines, in all directions, were running their cars continuonslv. 

There was enough to interest and amuse the people through all 
the hours of waiting. Militar}- and civic organizations, gallopino- 
troopers, trades displays, and all the picturesque elements of a 
parade, moving to their positions in the line, attracted attention and 
drew the crowds from point to point as the}- passed. 

A pretty sight, which w-as witnessed by those who w-ere in the 
vicinity of the Anniversary Building at nine o'clock, was the flight of 
about three hundred homing pigeons, which had been brought from 
all parts of the state under the direction of the pigeon fanciers' clubs of 
the city. As they circled around the building preparatory to taking 
their homeward flights, they received the applause of the multitude 
and were soon after out of sight. 

The governor arrived at the station on Summer Street at 10.40, 
and was received by the mayor and other officials in the presence of a 



238 T WO H UNDRED A ND FIFTIE TH A NN1 VER SA R Y 

concourse of people that filled all the available space in the neighbor- 
hood. Entering his carriage, which was drawn by four white horses, 
he was taken to his place in the line, which was awaiting him on 
Highland Avenue; and the spectators scattered to secure more 
advantageous positions for farther siglit-seeing. 

The parade was witnessed by crowds along its entire route. An 
official stand had been erected on the north side of the First Parish 
Church, with seats for eight hundred and fift}' persons ; and another 
on the south side of the cit}' hall, with a capacity of one hundred and 
twenty-five persons, was reserved for the governor and other guests 
during the review which closed the parade. Numerous private ob- 
servation-stands were placed in advantageous positions along the line 
of march. 

Photographers, professional and amateur, were busy in all parts of 
the city ; and a biograph wagon from Keith's Theatre, Boston, was 
stationed in Central Square and obtained a continuous picture of the 
parade as it passed. 

On Clifton Street, a band of children bore a banner inviting the 
paraders to the three hundredth anniversar\- : " We will welcome you 
fifty 3'ears from now." 

At the Faulkner School on Salem Street about four hundred chil- 
dren were gathered, who sang patriotic songs as the procession passed. 

The partial collapse of an observation-stand on Washington Street 
was magnified by exaggerated rumors and excited much sympathy, 
far and near, as it was reported in the evening papers ; but the affair 
was a slight one and no great damage was done. Lieutenant Lovett, 
of the Signal Corps, was injured by tlie fall of his horse on Cross 
Street, and was taken away in an ambulance. Otherwise, the few 
accidents which occurred were trivial ; and the order which prevailed 
at all points during the day was the occasion of much comment. 

At the close of the review in Central Square, the people who had 
gathered there joined those who had thronged along the route of the 
parade, and sought for rest and refreshment. Open houses in all 
parts of the city was the rule, and there were few exce[)tions. Liberal 
entertainment was offered to all wlio came. Many who were without 
acquaintance in the city found ample provision in the restaurants and 
lunch-rooms, or bought sandwiches and other light refreshments of 
the basket men and at the booths which were frequent along the prin- 
cipal streets. Others camped upon the lawns around the public 
buildings, as the public library and the high school, and ate their 
simple meals from baskets and paper bags in true picnic fashion. 

The First Corps Cadets dined at the Enterprise Club on Marcus 
Terrace ; and the other militar}' organizations were entertained at the 
Cochrane mill building on Barrett Street, where covers for one 



THE PARADE 239 

thousand were laid. The lodges of Odd Fellows, the Knights of 
Pythias, the Ancient Order of Hibernicans, the Massachusetts Catholic 
Order of Foresters, the Kniglits of Malta, and other associations 
attended faithfidlj to the comfort of their visiting brethren at their 
several rooms ; and the Maiden firemen banqueted their guests, the 
firemen of Melrose, Everett, and elsewhere, at Marie Hall on Pleasant 
Street. During the celebration, the Maiden Club and the Kernwood 
Club exercised to its fullest extent the graceful hospitality which their 
members understand so well. 

Later, the First Regiment Heavy Artillery, Colonel Pfaff, had a 
dress parade and was reviewed by Governor Wolcott near the Fells 
station in the presence of nearly ten thousand people. 

The closing events of the day and the celebration are related else- 
where. 



THE MILITARY AND CIVIC PARADE. 

The committee on the military and civic pamde held its first meeting 
on the evening of September 28, 1898, at which time the chairman" 
Col. Harry E. Converse, was elected chief marshal. At this meet- 
ing, a general plan was considered ; and, later, division marshals 
were appointed and the more technical arrangements of the parade 
were settled. 

The varied character of the elements of which the line was to be 
composed entailed a large amount of detail work, which was some- 
times perplexing ; but ditHculties disappeared before the readiness and 
spuit with which the members of the committee performed their duties. 
The chairman of the committee in his report says: "At all times the 
utmost harmony prevailed, and the general arrangements of the parade 
were planned and carried out witli an entire absence of friction among 
the members." It may be added that this statement may well apply, 
in general, to all tlie committees. To this unanimity of feeling and 
action much of the success which attended the celebration may be 
ascribed. 

The committee was fortunate in obtaining the presence of several 
bodies of soldiery, which added to the interest of the parade and ren- 
dered the military portion of it the most brilliant that has ever been 
seen here. It was hoped that the Fifth Regiment, M.V.M., of which 
the Maiden company forms a part, would be enabled to come to 
Maiden ; but as it was not mustered out of the service of the United 
States until March 31, it was found impossible to uniform and equip 
It in season. The most that could be done was to equip the Maiden 
company, which was in position in the parade. 



240 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Troop F, Tliird Cavaliy, U. S. A., Capt. George E. Dodd, was 
here by invitation, as is elsewhere stated, and was given a place as 
special escort to the chief marshal, in which dut}- it was assisted by 
Company L \_Malden Rifles]^ J'ifth Regiment, M, V. M., Capt. Frank 
F. Cutting. Other visiting organizations were the First Regiment 
Heavy Artillery, Col. Charles Pfaff, the First Battalion Cavahy, 
Major William A, Perrins, and the Signal Corps, First Brigade, First- 
Lieut. George E. Lovett. The First Corps Cadets, Major Andrew 
Robeson commanding, at the head of the second division, escorted 
His Excellency the Governor, and other invited guests. 

The headquarters of the chief marshal were established at ten 
o'clock on the morning of the parade at the intersection of Highland 
Avenue and Thatcher Street, the first division forming south of that 
position on Highland Avenue. The other divisions formed on the 
lateral streets, except the second division, which, forming on Summer 
Street, received the governor and other invited guests and joined the 
line by the way of Pleasant, Russell, and Adams Streets. 

Militarj- officers parading on the staff of the chief marshal wore 
full-dress uniform with riding-boots and gauntlets. Military officers 
parading as marshals of divisions, or on the staffs of division marshals, 
appeared in fatigue dress, with riding-boots and gauntlets. The hono- 
rary staff of the chief marshal wore black silk hats, black cut-away 
coats, white trousers, black riding-boots or leggins, and white gloves. 

Upon the arrival of the governor, the line moved at eleven o'clock, 
at a signal of three blows upon the fire alarm, over the following named 
streets : Highland Avenue, Maple, Dexter, Clifton, Summer, Moun- 
tain Avenue, Washington, Pleasant, Salem, Maplewood, Eastern 
Avenue, Bryant, Cross, Hancock, Appleton, and Main Streets to 
Central Square. 

On the arrival of the head of the column at the corner of Main 
Street and Eastern Avenue, a halt was made, and the second division, 
leaving the line, marched to Central Square, where the invited guests 
took seats on the stand at the city hall in order that His Excellency 
Governor Wolcott might review the parade. The review at this point 
began shortly' after one o'clock and continued about two hours. 

The arrangements of the police were most excellent along the 
whole line, and at the reviewing point the streets were well cleared, 
and the several divisions were promptly and system aticall}' disbanded. 



THE PARADE 241 

ROSTER OF THE PARADE, May 23. 

Detail of mounted police, Sergeant William P. Powers, com- 
manding. 

Col. Harry E. Converse, A.Q.M.G., 3LV.JI. 

em of staff. 
Col. Frank L. Locke, A.I.G., M.V.M. 

Col. Gordon Dexter, A.I.G., 3I.V.3I. 

Col. James T. Sodtter, A.I.G., 31. VM 

Lieut.-Col. Otis H. Marion, 3feclJ)iv., 1st Brig., M. V.M. 

Capt. Francis R. Bangs, J. A., 2nd Brig., 31. V. 31. 

Capt. Francis S. Parker, A.B.C, 2nd Brig., 3LV.3I. 

Capt. Lester Leland, P.3L, 2nd Brig., 31. V.31. 

^^onorarg Staff. 

Phineas W. Sprague, Chief. 

Edward A. Adams. Eugene Nelson. 

William F. Barker. Walter E. Piper. 

Capt. Forrest E. Benjamin. Artluir L. Robinson. 

Frank F. Clapp. Roswell R. Robinson, 2nd. 

Elisha W. Cobb. Willard E. Robinson. 

Capt. Luke R. Landy. Frank M. Sawtelle. 

Albert P. Mason. John E. Staples. 

John C. McCarthy. Edward H. Wiooi„. 



oo' 



lEscort. 



Troop F, Third Cavalry, U. S. A., Capt. George E. Dodd. 

[As special guests of the city.] 

Salem Cadet Band. 

Company L, Fifth Regiment, M.V.M. {3Ialden Rifles), Capt. 

Frank F. Cutting, First-Lieut. James IL Mann, Second-Lieut. 

Clarence A. Perkins. [As special guard to the chief marshal.] 



242 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
FIRST DIVISION. 

Major Harry P. Ballard, oth Megt. Inf., 3L Y.M. 

®]^ief of Staff. 
Capt. Frederick P. Barnes, Q.M. 2nd Brig., 3LV.M. 

Pirst-Lieut. George E. Lovett, Sig. Officer \st Brig., M. V.M. 
First-Lieut. James M. Ramsay, Q.M. 5th Reg. Inf., 3IV.3I. 
First-Lieut. Herbert A. Clark, I.R.P. bth Reg. Inf., M. V.M. 
Rev. Elwin L. House, Chaplain 6th Reg. Inf., M. V.M. 
Albert T. Rich, Naval Cadet. 

F. P. Holmes, Bugler. 

SIGNAL CORPS 1ST BRIGADE, M.V.M. 
Lieut. George E. Lovett. 

FIRST REGIMENT HEAVY ARTILLERY, M.V.M. 

Col. Charles Pfaff, cominanding. 
Lieut-Col. Charles B. Woodman. 
Major Perlie A. Dyar. 
Major George F. Quimby. 
Adjutant Charles H. Lake. 
Quartermaster John S. Keenan. 
Surgeon Major Howard S. Bearing. 
Assistant Surgeon William A. Rolfe. 
Paymaster Horace B. Parker. 
Chaplain Rev. P^dward A. Horton. 
Range Officer John B. Paine. 
A. D. C. George S. Stockwell. 
Batter}' A. \_Boston.'] Capt. John Bordman. 

B. [ Cambridge.'] Capt. Walter E. Lombard. 

C. \_Boston.~\ Capt. Charles P. Nutter. 

D. [^Boston.] Capt. Joseph H. Frothingham. 

E. [iVeto Bedford^ Capt. Joseph L. Gibbs. 

F. [ Taunton.] Capt. Norris O. Danforth. 

G. \Boston.'] Capt. Albert B. Chick. 
H. \_Chelsea.\ Capt. Walter L. Pratt. 

I. \_BrocMon.'\ Capt. Charles Williamson. 

K. \Bo8ton.'\ Capt. Fred S. Howes. 

L. {Boston.] Capt. Frederick M. Whiting. 

M. {Fall Elver.] Capt. David Fuller. 



THE PARADE 24J 

FIRST BATTALION CAVALRY, SECOND BRIGADE, M.V.M. 

Major William A. Perkins, commanding . 
Adjutant Albert E. Carr. 
Quartermaster Walter C. Waudwell. 
Surgeon Major George Westgate Mills. 
Paymaster John W. Hall. 
Chaplain Rev. Adolph A. Berle. 
Troop A. \_Mitw7ial Lancers.] Capt. Doris A. Young. 

D. [Eoxbury Ilovse Guards.'] Capt. John Perrins, Jr. 

SECOND DIVISION. 

JHarsfjal. 
Capt. Elmore E. Locke, Adjutant 6th Beg. Inf., M. Y.M. 

eftt'Ef of Staff. 
CoL Jopiianus H. Whitney, Colonel bth Reg. Inf., M.V.M. 

Lieut. Col. William H. Oakes, 5th Reg. Inf., 3I.V.M. 
Major Walter E. Morrison, bth Reg. Inf., M. V.M. 
Major Murray D. Clement, 5th Reg. Inf., 31. V.M. 
First-Lieut. Fred T. Austin, U.S.V. 
First-Lieut. Charles R. Gow, U.S.V. 

BOSTON CADET BAND. 

FIRST CORPS CADETS, M.V.M. 

Major Andrew Robeson, commanding. 
Adjutant, First-Lieut. Edward E. Currier. 
Quartermaster, First-Lieut. William B. Clarke. 
Inspector R.P., First-Lieut. William A. Hayes. 
Assistant Surgeon, First-Lieut. Augustus S. Knight. 
Compan3- A, Capt. Franklin L. Joy. 

B, Capt. Winthrop Wetherbee. 

C, Capt. Virgil C. Pond. 

D, Capt. Charles H. Rollins. 

Carriage drawn bv four white horses, containing His Excellency 
Gov. Roger Wolcott, Gen. Samuel Dalton, and Mayor Charles L. 
Dean. 

©utrt'tirrs. 

Officers Brown, Berg, Killion. and Johnson. 



244 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

CARRIAGES CONTAINING INVITED GUESTS. 

1. Gen. Robert A. Blood, Gen. Francis H. Appleton, Hon. 
Ernest W. Roberts, and Roland W. Tappan. 

2. Col. Richard 11. Morgan, Col. George R. Jewett, Hon. William 
M. Olin, and Hon. Edward P. Shaw. 

3. Hon. John W. Kimball, Hon. George E. Smith, Hon. John L. 
Bates, and Edward S. Booth. 

4. Ex-Ma3ors Elisha S. Converse, Marcellus Coggan, Joseph F. 
Wiggin, and James Pierce. 

5. Ex-Mayors Henry Winn, Everett J. Stevens, Clarence O. 
Walker, and John E. Farnham. 

Other carriages containing guests. 

THIRD DIVISION. 

iJlarslial. 
Commander Hiram S. Coburn, Post 40, G.A.M. 

Ctt£f of Staff. 
Adjutant Stanley S. Sturgeon, Post 40, G.A.P. 



Capt. William Montgomery. 
Lieut. Joseph S. Rich, Post 40, G.A.R. 
Lieut. Horatio S. Libby, Post 4, G.A.R. 
Gilbert N. Harris, Post 4, G.AM. 
Solon Watson, Post 12, G.A.R. 
Charles A. North, Post 40, G.A.R. 
John O. Bush, Post 40, G.A.R. 
Allison M. Stickney, Post 66, G.A.R. 
H. L. Chamberlain, Bmjler. 

TOWNE'S BAND {Maiden). 
VETERAN ORGANIZATIONS IN BARGES. 

Department Commander John E. Gilman and Staff. 

Maj-Gen. Hiram G. Berry Post 40 {Maiden). John W. Soule, 
connncmder. 

U. S. Grant Post 4 {Melrose). George P. Marsh, commander. 

Abraham Lincoln Post 11 {Charlestoion). James Walters, 
cotn^nander. 

H. M. Warren Post 12 {Wakefield). W. D. Giles, commander. 

S. C. Lawrence Post 66 {3Iedford). Benjamin P. Lewis, com- 
mander. 



THE PARADE 245 

J. P. Gould Post 75 {Stoneham). John S. Gilmore, commander. 

Gordon Forest Command, No. 12, U.V.U. {Blalden). Louis 
Ripley, colonel. 

Kearsarge Naval Veterans Association {Boston). Martin L. 
White, rear admiral. 

SONS OF VETERANS. 

Department Commander George N. Howard and Staff. 
First Compan}'. Junior Vice-Division Commander J. C. Smith, 
com7va7iding. 

Second Compan}'. Arthur H. Gould, captain. 

Camps forming the above companies. 

Camp 1, Ljnn. Camp 79, Melrose. 

8, Salem. 80, Maiden. 
14, Cambridgeport. 81, Chelsea. 

23, Reading. 82, Boston. 

34, Wakefield. 86, Stoneham. 

45, Arlington. 92, Saugus. 

54, Medford. 106, Charlestown. 

66, Woburn. 145, Roxbury. 



FOURTH DIVISION. 

iHarsfjal. 
Col. Alvin E. Bliss. 

C&fcf of Staff. 
Joseph W. Saunders. 

DeCorsey Blakesley. Charles E. Prior. 

Maurice Dinneen. Waldo P. Reed. 

Percy K. Oram. Frank C. Sargent. 

John A. Powers. George W. Stiles. 

Allan H. Wilde. 

LYNN CADET BAND. 

Brig. -Gen. Edgar H. Emerson. Department Commander ^ Patri- 
archs Militant, Mass., I.O.O.F., and Staff. 
Col. W. F. Spaulding, Chief of Staff. 
Lieut.-Col. F. DeWitt Lapham, Assistant Adjutant General. 



246 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



SECOND REGIMENT PATRIARCHS MILITANT, I.O.O.F. 

Major George E, Hutchinson, commandiiig, and Staff. 
Adjutant, Capt. J. Frank Vaughan. 
Canton Maiden, No. 55. Capt. Charles L. Fitzhenry. 
Canton Mascot, No. 12. Capt. W. J. Anderson. 
Canton City of Lynn, No. 63. Capt. J. Hemenway. 
Canton Fells, No. 26, Capt. W. O. Richardson. 
Canton Beverly, No. 67. Capt. P. W. Cook. 



CAMPBELL'S MILITARY BAND (Boston). 

FIRST REGIMENT PATRIARCHS MILITANT, I.O.O.F. 

Col. F. K Gaylord, commanding^ and Staff. 
Lieut.-Col. George G. Trov/bridge. 
Adjutant George H. Mullis. 

First Battalion. Major O. C. Emerson^ 
Clanton S>f)atom«t (Boston). 

First Component, Capt. Arthur Pierce. 
Second Component, Capt. C. F. Pettingell. 
Third Component, Capt. J. F. Crossland. 
Fourth Component, Capt. John Roessle. 

Second Battalion. Major C. H. Keach. 

Canton Mi'ligclg (Chelsea). 

First Component, Capt. H. E. Farrington. 
Second Component, Capt. G. W. Farwell. 

Cantan Bunkr ?^tll (Cbarlestown). 

First Component, Capt. A. G. Toothacher. 
Second Component, Capt. J. M. Stewart. 

ARMED BATTALION BAND. 

SECOND REGIMENT UNIFORMED RANK 
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

Col. J. W. McBrine, conDnanding, and Staff. 
Adjutant John Smith. 




U. S. Grant Post 4, Melrose 



THK REVIEW 



THE PARADE 

LYNN BRASS BAND. 

MIDDLESEX LODGE, NO. 17 (Malden), LO.O.F. 

G. H. Hartley, commanding. 

Drum, Fife, and Bugle Corps. 

Visiting Odd Fellows (Everett and Melrose). 

Swedish Sick Benefit Society (Maiden). 

MALDEN ROUGH WALKERS (Boys). 

Capt. Thomas Howes, commanding. 

Infantry Company, Capt. Charles Bibber. 

Artillery Company, Major Marcus Browne, commanding. 

Ambulance Corps, Major Sidney B. Gage. 

EAST BOSTON CADET BAJ^D. 

DIVISION NO. 12, ANCIENT ORDER OF HIBERNIANS. 

President, Timothy J. Mahoney. 
Vice-President, Thomas H. O'Connell. 
Recording Secretary, Daniel J. Murphy. 
Financial Secretary, Humphrey P. Callahan. 
Treasurer, Thomas E. Lenehan. 
100 men in line. 

AMERICAN CADET BAND. 

ION A COURT, NO. 10, MASS. CATHOLIC ORDER 
OF FORESTERS. 

Capt. Dennis Kelleher, commanding. 

Edward J. Sweeney. Thomas Spencer. 

Timothy Mahoney, C. R. Peter McQuade, V. OR^ 

Dennis Kelleher, R.S. Edmond J. Havin, F.S. 

Richard J. Marnell, Treas. 
William .J. Rogan, S.C. James J. Long, ^.C. 

John Burke, Q.S. Thomas Clune, O.S 

160 men in line. 
Past Officers in three carriages. 



247 



248 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

ST. MARY'S CATHOLIC TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. 

Marshal and President, Frank J. Welsh. 
Assistant-Marshal, John J. Rooney. 
Vice-President^ Thomas A. Lyons. 
/Secretary, Matthew A. Carnes. 
Treasurer, Maurice Dinneen. 

With this society was a float surrounded by Indians and Puritans, 
mounted or afoot, showing the home of Joseph Hills and John Wayte 
in 1649. Inside was a domestic tableau with a woman spinning, and 
others, men and women, engaged in household tasks around a fire in 
an open fireplace. 

ST. FRANCIS DE SALES CADETS (Charlestown). 

Adjutant D. M. Collins, commanding. 
Co. A. — Capt. Timothy Collins. 
Co. B. — Capt. W. F. Reardon. 

LYNN NAVAL CADETS (Lynn). 
Capt. W. R. Grover. 

WENEPOYKIN TRIBE, NO. 47 (Malden). INDEPENDENT ORDER 

OF RED MEN. 

Prophet, Frank E. West. 
Sachem, Charles W. Brown. 
Senior Sagamore, Frank S. Hogan. 
Chief of Records, Eber B. Blen. 

With this organization was a float, drawn by six white horses, 
inscribed, " Chief Wenepo3'kin petitions the General Court for his 
Rights to Lands in Maiden, 1651." Upon the platform, the august 
lawmakers sat in stern dignity, while before them the chief, with 
documents in hand, pleaded his cause, surrounded hy his savage 
attendants armed with clubs and bows and arrows. 

Prmcfpal Cf)aracters. 

Governor John Endicott, Herbert C. Pearson. 
Secretary Edward Rawson, Eber B. Blen. 
Officer of the Court, George H. Kaulbach. 
Wenej^oykin, Clarence A. Paige. 
Quachamaqaine, a chief Fred S. Tufts. 
Webcowet, the Prophet, Henry M. Ricker. 



THE PARADE 249 

MALDEN TURNVEREIN. 

President, Paul Gabriel. 
Recording Secretary, Robert Hoffmann. 
Corresponding Secretary, Herman Brandt. 
Treasurer, Robert M. Gerade, 

Following the marching members of this societ}' were two floats 
filled with girls anil children. 

FIFTH DIVISION. 

Thomas W. Hough. 

OTfjiEf of ^taff. 
Leverett D. Holden. 

Harrie S. Abbott. Thomas F. Powell. 

William M. Carr. William H. Reed. 

William Knollin. Charles T. Small. 

Nathan B. Smith. 
Charles W. Small, Bugler. 

MARTLAND'S BAND (Brockton). 

MALDEX FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

Capt. Frank Turner, commanding. 

Steamer and Hose Co., No. 1. 11 men. Capt. John T. Nicolls. 
Truck, No. 1. 11 men. Capt. Fred P. Tracy. 
Hose Co., No. 3. 10 men. Capt. John J. Connell. 
Hose Co., No. 2. 10 men. Lieut. Hollis Bruce. 

iFire ISngincers' OSagang. 

1. Chief Thomas W. Gowen, Maiden. 
Chief Lewis P. Webber, Boston. 

2. Chief James R. Hopkins, Somerville. 
Ex- Chief Charles Sims, Winchester. 

3. Chief Thomas J. Case}-, Cambridge. 
Chief Harry IMarston, Brockton. 

4. Chief H. Allen Spencer, Chelsea. 

Chief Electrician William Broph}', Boston. 

5. Chief Charles E. ]>acon, iNIcdford. 
Ex-Chief Charles Marchant, Gloucester. 



250 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

UetErans of Jt're ©epartment. 
100 men, in six barges. 

jFtre SEqufpment. 

Steamer, No. 1. Hose, No. 1. 

Truck, No. 1. Chemical, No. 3. 

Steamer, No. 2. Hose, No. 3. 

Chemical, No. 1. Hose, No. 2. 

Chemical, No. 2. Truck, No. 2. 

Combination Wagon, No. 4. 
Fire Alarm Wagon. 

STILES' EIGHTH REGIMENT BAND (Lyxx). 
EVERETT VETERAN FIRE ASSOCIATION. 
52 men in the red-shirt uniform of former days. 

Foreman^ George HuEr. 
President^ Columbus Corey. 

Hand engine "General Taylor." Drawn by four gray horses. 
[This engine is owned by the Association in memory of the old 
General Taylor, No. 4, South Maiden, 1847.] 

EVERETT HIGH SCHOOL BOYS. 

With a small hand engine of an early pattern, once used in a 
Canadian town. 

VETERAN FIREMEN. 
In carriages. 

Benjamin Corey, ae. 84, Chief Engineer, Maiden, 1861. 
Robert M. Barnard, ae. 73, Engineer, Maiden, 1862-64. 
Joseph Swan, ae. 78, Engineer, Maiden, 1865-69, 
and others. 

LADIES' VETERAN AUXILIARY (Everett). 
25 Ladies in a Brake. 

WAGONS OF MALDEN HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT. 

WAGONS OF MALDEN HEALTH DEPARTMENT. 



THE PARADE 251 

SIXTH DIVISION. 
NORTH MALDEX — MELROSE. 

Waltkr C. Stevens. 

CftiEf of Slaff. 
Harry Stevens. 

James B. Dillingham. Albert H. Fuller. 

C. Andrews Fiske, Frank M. McLaughlin. 

Frank R. Upham. 

MUNICIPAL BAND OF BOSTON. 

23ann£r. 

Obverse, Melrose Toion Seal. Reverse, " City of Melrose, 1900." 
Cavalcade of twentj'-four uniformed men. 
Mounted Indian Chief. — Frank J. Ryder, wearing the full suit 
of the Chief Red Cloud, who presented it to Colonel Seymour of Gen- 
eral Custer's command, by whom it was given to the late Maj. Wilbur 
D. Fiske. 

SELECTMEN OF MELROSE IN A LANDAU. 
Sidney H. Buttrick. L. Frank Hinckle}-. 

Jonathan C. Howes. Charles J. Barton. 

MELROSE CELEBRATION COMMITTEE 
in a drag drawn by four black horses. {See list of committees.'] 

MELROSE FIFE AND DRUM CORPS. 
HAND ENGINE ENDEAVOR (No. Malden, No. 3, 1846). 

Drawn by thirty-six men from Capt. James B. Dillingham's pro- 
visional military company, in firemen's uniform, Frank W. Lynde, 
connnander. 

CARRIAGE WITH VETERAN FIREMEN. 

Survivors of the company that drew the Endeavor in the parade of 
1849. 

Samuel Ellison, ae. 90. Freeman Upham, ae. 87. 

James G. Emerson, ae. 82. William H. Wells, ae. 66. 
Abel Willis, ae. 81. 



252 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

MKLllOSE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

A. Wilbur Lynde, chief eiigineer. 

Delegation of twenty-six lircnien, with Steamer No. 1 and Hose 
No. 1. 

VETERANS OF U. S. GRANT POST 4, (J. A. R. 

Geouce p. Marsh, commander. 

In a barge. 

VETERANS OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR. 
In a barge. 

CAMBRIDGE DRUM CORPS. 

FLOAT. NO. MALDEN MINUTE MEN, 1775. 

Seventeen men from tlie Melrose Highlands Improvement Asso- 
ciation, in continental costumes, armed with Hint-lock muskets and 
powder-horns. Charles M. Cox, commander. 

A YOKE OF OXEN WITH DRAG 

loaded with logs, representing timber drawn from No. Maiden in 
1795-97, for the U. S. frigate " Constitution." It was intended to 
exhibit an automobile carriage as a contrast to the oxen and drag, but 
a dillic'ulty in regulating its speed with that of the parade caused it 
to be withdrawn. 

SEVENTH DIVISION. 

fflnrsljnl. 
Harvey L. Thomtson. 

CTIjiff d Staff. 
Walter R. Macdonald. 

Raymond C. Batting. John L. Howard. 

Fulton CiiRiSToniER. Fred L. Jordan. 

Joseph G. Harris. Walter P. Sheldon. 

Asa Trayes. 

MANSFIELD'S MAPLEWOOD BAND. 



THE FIREWORKS 253 



TRADES DISPLAY. 



In this division appeared : — 

Asher F. Black ; Boston Rubber Slioe Co. (eight-horse team) ; 
Cobb, Aldrieh & Co., Boston (;autoraobilc delivery-wagon) ; Darcy & 
Falconer ; Fells Ice Co. (six-horse team) ; Good-Will Soap Co. (fol- 
lowed by forty boys with toy advertising carts) ; William W. Hall ; 
W. S. Hills Co., Boston; Jolin L. Howard; Jackson Caldwell Fur- 
niture Co. ; F. N. Joslin & Co. (two floats with ladies representing 
departments in their store, and the Sorosis Shoe chariot drawn by 
two gray horses, driven by Miss Clara Cameron in white Grecian 
costume) ; C. T. Joslyn Co. (four-horse team) ; Kelley Bros. ; Elmore 
E. Locke ; Roderick D. McVicar ; Maiden Board of Trade (the fine 
tally-ho of Keith's theatre, Boston, loaned for the occasion) ; Maiden 
ILvening News (two floats) ; Maiden & Melrose Gas Light Co. (three 
teams) ; Pembrook & Innis ; Robinson Bros. & Co. (four-horse 
team) ; Walter P. Sheldon (Queen Sherbet float) ; Harvey L. Thomp- 
son ; Victor Coflee Co. (four-horse chariot); Alonzo A. West; A. 
Wheeler & Co. ; R. H. White Co., Boston (delivery wagon) ; and 
many others. About two hundred teams paraded in this division, 
representing most of the manufacturers and dealers of Maiden, with 
others from the neighboring cities and towns. 



THE FIREWORKS. 

By sunset on Tuesday, Salem Street began to be filled by crowds of 
people passing towards Eaton's Field at Maplewood, where a display 
of fireworks was to be shown. By eight o'clock, it is estimated, fully 
twenty-five thousand people had gathered, crowding all points from 
which a view of the field could be obtained. 

The display was furnished by the INIasten & Wells Fireworks Man- 
ufacturing Co. of Boston, and was fired under the supervision of W. 
L. Wedger, an expert employed by the committee. Martland's Band 
[Brockton] and Mansfield's Mai)lewood Band were stationed at 
dififerent points, and i)layed national and popular airs during the even- 
ing. Previous to the display, the field was illuminated by owl-liglit 
torches and colored fires, in red, white, and blue, vividly lighting the 
great crowd and bringing out with fine effect the dark background of 
the hills beyond. 

Soon after eight o'clock, the signal was given by batteries of 
heavy rockets and mortar guns, forming a grand national salute to the 
day, which was heard for several miles. The whole exhibition was 



254 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

one of much beauty and brilliancy ; and it was successful in the highest 
degree, as was sufficiently proved by the frequent applause of the 
spectators. 

■ A portrait of the Hon. Elisha S. Converse, the first mayor of the 
city, shown in lines of fire about ten feet high, was received with en- 
thusiasm, as was a companion piece, a portrait of the Hon, Charles 
L. Dean, the present maj'or, which was afterwards shown. The ex- 
hibition was closed b}- a brilliant illumination in the national colors, 
and an exceedingly effective representation of the city seal in its 
proper colors of blue and gold. 

The returning crowds blocked the streets for a long time ; and 
as the}' passed through Pleasant Street, loud cheers greeted the Anni- 
versary Building, where the last exercises of the celebration were 
taking place. 



THE BANQUET. 

The banquet on Tuesda}' evening was the closing event in a series of 
exercises which will long be remembered b}- those who participated 
therein. It was a beautiful sight which greeted the eyes of the be- 
holder who, from the platform or the galleries, looked upon the vast 
and brilliantl}' lighted auditorium with its bright decorations and its 
long tables, glittering with their appropriate furnishings and profusely 
adorned with flowers. Upon the platform, with the mayor and the 
officers of the meeting, were His Excellency the Governor and other 
distinguished guests ; while at the tables below were seated Maiden's 
representative men, and with them beautiful women, the wives and 
daughters of the cit}', who may be equalled, in virtue of inheritance, 
but will not be excelled b}' their descendants, the wives and daughters 
of the three hundredth anniversar3\ 

Plates were laid for eight hundred and ninety-six guests. So 
rapidly had the tickets been taken that the}' had all been applied for 
before April 1, and the committee had been obliged to give public 
notice that no more could be sold. Each place was marked by one 
of the beautiful Maiden plates, which the guests took away as sou- 
venirs of the celebration. 

The souvenir plate, the preparation of which was inspired b\' the 
secretary of the committee, William G. A. Turner, an ardent ceramist, 
was made in one size onl}-, the design appearing in light blue. It is 
thus described : — 

The centre of the plate is occupied b}' a view of the Converse 
Memorial Building, which contains the Maiden Public Library. This 



f '4/ 



.^^^^#*^. 



V VAnl. 



/4n > 






^r2^>>V.s 






fi!^>:^ 



SOUVENIR PLATE 



THE BANQUET 255 

building was erected in 1884-85 by the eminent architect, Henry IT. 
Richardson ; and it was regarded by him as his finest librar}' work. 

Below the view of the library is a copy of the record of the incor- 
poration of the town. At the top of the plate is a view of Hill's 
Tavern, the Rising Eagle, as it appeared in 1850, taken from a cut 
in Corey's History of Maiden. This house, which is now standing 
on Irving Street, was built on the site of the present cit}' hall about 
1720 and was occupied as a public house until 1804. On either side 
appear the obverse and reverse of the borough seal of Maldon, count}' 
Essex, the English mother of the Maiden of Massachusetts. 

On the right hand, in a niedaUion, is a view of Maiden in 1837, 
drawn from a cut in Barber's Historical Collections of 3Iassachusetts. 
This view was taken from Bailey's Hill, and presents with accuracy 
some of the prominent landmarks of that da}'. 

On the left, in a corresponding medallion, is the Old Parsonage, 
near Bell Rock, which was built in 1724 and was the birthplace of 
the celebrated missionary, Adoniram Judson, who was born in 1788. 

At the bottom, in the ornamental border which surrounds the plate 
and in which the medallions are set, appears the seal of the town, 
which was in use until the incorporation of the city, when it was su- 
perseded by the present city seal. 

On the back, the following inscription records the origin and pur- 
pose of the plate : Made by Josiah Wedgwood cb Sons, Etruria, 
England, and Richard Briggs Co., £oston, in commemoration of 
the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of tJie incorporation of 
Maldon, Mass., U. 8. A. 

The design of the plate, which is as beautiful as it is apposite, 
was by our townsman, Ludvig S. Ipsen. It is a work which is 
already sought by the general public, both as a souvenir and as a fine 
specimen of the ceramic art. 

The vases which held the flowers upon the tables were especially 
designed for the occasion, and were inscribed, Maiden's 2o0th birth- 
day. They were quickly taken as souvenirs at the close of the 
banquet. 

The arrival of the Hon. Elisha S. and Mrs. Converse at the table 
upon the platform was the signal for a fervent testimonial of regard 
from the assembled guests, all rising in their places with loud applause. 
Soon after. His Excellency the Governor appeared and was warmly 
welcomed ; and a prayer having been offered by the Rev. James F. 
Albion of the First Parish, the gustatory exercises of the evening 
were begun at G.30 p.m. 

The menu was prepared and served by Daniel P. Wise of the firm 
of Weber of Boston. The cover of the menu, \Yhich was designed 
and drawn by Mr. Ipsen, represented Maiden as a beautiful woman 



256 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

bearing a branch of laurel and supporting a shield on which appeared 
the cit\' seal. On the border of her robe were the ancestral lions of 
Maldon, and a wreath of roses was upon her head. In the back- 
ground, an idealized view of Wayte's Mount and some of the Maiden 
factories appeared. 

During the evening, the orchestra, in the centre balcon}', rendered 
a pleasing program of popular and national music, which was well 
suited to the festal nature of the occasion. 

Program. 
SALEM CADET BAND. 

1 March. — Semper Fidelis. Sousa. 

2 Overture. — Stradella. Flotow. 

3 Valse. — Babbie. Fiirst. 

4 Selection. — The Fortune Teller. Herbert. 

5 Selection. — National Melodies. Ross. 

6 Porto Rican Dance. — Rosita. Missud. 

7 Selection. — Nautical Songs. Tobani. 

8 Gavotte. — Wilhelmina. Montague. 

9 The Village Blacksmith. De Carmont. 
10 Finale. — Stars and Stripes. Sousa. 

Jean M. Missud, Conductor. 

iUcnu. 

Soup — Mock Turtle, Radishes. 

Fish — Boiled Penobscot Salmon, HoUandaise Sauce, 
Cucumbers, Native Peas. 

Roast — Philadelphia Spring Chicken, Giblet Sauce, 
Fillet Beef, Larded, Mushroom Sauce, 
Potato Croquettes, String Beans. 

Entries — Croustades of Sweetbreads, 

Chicken Croquettes Exquisite, 
Banana Fritters, Wine Sauce. 

Relevi^S — Mayonnaise of Lobster, 

Lettuce and Tomato Salad. 

Dessert — Maraschino Jell}-, Russian Style, 
Frozen Pudding, Diplomatic, 
Neapolitan Ice Cream, Harlequin Sherbet. 

Strawberries. 

Crackers, Cheese, and Olives, Assorted Cake, 
Salted Almonds and Pecans. 

Coffee. 



I ^ ._ ^ ^_^_ ^ ^__^ : ■ -ji : — ■ 







THE BANQUET 257 

At a few minutes before nine, Chairman Nelson of the committee 
called the conipan}- to oi'der, and as tiie chairs were [)ushed back and 
the attention of all was directed towards tiie |)latform, in a few words 
welcomed the guests of the city and introduced the toastmaster of 
tiie evening, Col. William N. Osgood. 

INTRODUCTIOX BY EUGENE NELSON. 

Ladies and Gentlemen : — This banquet ma}- be said to officially 
close the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of 
the incorporation of tiie town of Maiden. 

In behalf of tlie citizens of Maiden, I desire to extend a hearty 
welcome to our iionored guests. As chairman of the banquet com- 
mittee, I desire to extend my iieartfelt thanks to the citizens for the 
cooperation and assistance which has made tiiis banquet what it is. 
It is, perhaps, not inappropriate at this time to thank my associates 
on the committee for tlieir work. They have always been ready to 
adopt any suggestion, and go to any length to carry out the plans of 
tiie work. 

The idea of souvenir plates, which you have, was the creation of 
llie brain of the secretary and treasurer, William G. A. Turner ; 
and tlie plate w\as designed by a citizen of Maiden, Ludvig S. Ipsen. 

Without taking more of your time, it gives me pleasure to introduce 
the toastmaster of the evening. Col. William N. Oso^ood. 

Colonel Osgood, on being presented, proceeded to say : — 

31r. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen: — I do not intend to 
consume any time upon this occasion in general remarks. Tliat 
has already been sufficiently and gracefully done by our worthy 
chairman. You will remember tliat he complimented and thanked 
about every one who has had anything to do with tliis banquet 
except himself. His excessive modesty of course precluded him 
from doing this. Therefore I am certain to meet with your complete 
endorsement when I assert that he is, himself, entitled to great credit 
for the vast amount of labor and energy whicli he has expended in 
performing the duties devolving upon him as chairman of the banquet 
committee. 

I know that you are all impatient to accord a heartv and cordial 
greeting to the distinguished guests who iiave honored us with their 
presence this evening, and to listen to their words. In deference to 
your desires I will at once proceed to announce the first toast : — 

" The Commonwealth -of Massachusetts ; beloved by her own 
citizens, and respected by the citizens of other states. Always among 
the foremost in the defence of liberty and justice, and second to none 
in education and material progress." 



258 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

This, the first toast, will be responded to by His Hxcellency the 
Governor, whom we have learned to admire, and whom we are proud 
to have with us at this time. I have the pleasure of presenting to 
3'ou, Roger Wolcott, the Governor of the commonwealth. 

ADDRESS BY GOVERNOR ROGER WOLCOTT. 

When a busy and prosperous locality sets aside a time from the daily 
avocations of its ordinary life in order to commemorate fittingly and 
honorably a marked anniversary in its history, it is a great privilege 
to bring to that community the greetings and congratulations of the 
commonwealth of Massachusetts. Be assured, fellow-citizens of 
Maiden, that I have not made the mistake of considering as any 
personal tribute to myself the greeting which you have accorded to 
me to-night, and which I received from your fellow-citizens along tiie 
route of the procession as it passed through 30ur beautiful streets to- 
day. I know well, and it 'gives me pleasure to acknowledge it 
to-night, that that greeting was in no sense to the individual who 
officially occupies the position of governor of the commonwealth, 
but that it was a tribute of the people of Maiden, the tribute of 
loyalty and affection, not to an individual, but to the commonwealth 
of INIassachusetts. 

You celebrate this week the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary 
of ^-our incorporation as a town. We are accustomed still to speak of 
this as a 3'oung nation. It is young, it is true, in comparison with 
some of the old commnnitiesof the other world ; 3-et I do not think that 
a communitv which has lived for two hundred and fifty 3'ears can still 
lay claim to being one of excessive youth. We cannot call that a 
sapling that has struck its roots deep down into the soil of centuries, 
and has waved its branches in the storms of winter and in tlie breezes 
of summer for two hundred and fifty years. J think to-night, as we 
look backward, it is rather, after all, the sense of antiquit3- more than 
the sense of youth that is impressed upon our minds. The studious 
iiistorian of your past history, and the eloquent orator of 3esterday 
have depicted the changes that have occurred in the social and industrial 
life of this communit3" during those two centuries and a half, and time 
would fail me, even if I had had the prejjaration, to attempt to repeat 
that stor3\ And 3'et it is impressive if we touch merelv for a moment 
upon the outlines, or the most marked aspects, of the histor3' of those 
two hundred and fift3' 3"ears. 

At that time King Charles the First had closed an ignoble life bv 
a pathetic death. There were men then in middle life who had 
heard or had talked with William Shakespeare. At that time there 
were but three books in the Eno-Ush lan^uase that are in general use 



THE BANQUET 259 

to-day, — Bacon, Shakespeare, and the English version of the Holy 
Bible. Bat a few years previous the circulation of the blood, which 
I suppose ushered in modern surgery or medicine — that discovery 
had but recently been made. It was later than that before Sir Isaac 
Newton gave to the world the law of gravitation, which perhaps may 
be said to be the fundamental truth that ushered in the study of modern 
science. The world of art was represented by such names as Rem- 
brandt, Van Dyke, Rubens, and Murillo ; and without intending in 
any way to depreciate the achievements of modern art, I think we 
may give the artists of the present day at least until the three hun- 
dredth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Maiden to gain 
a place equal to or exceeding that of such artists as those. So too 
in the world of what might be called political life. The great 
Habeas Corpus was then unknown ; and I suppose that the freedom 
of the individual, the freedom of thought, the right of conscience, 
the right of personal liberty, may almost be traced back to that 
great reign. 

And so these two hundred and fifty years, which sometimes we are 
inclined lightly to slur over as being a period of short duration, carry 
us back from the enliglitenment, the privileges, the education, the 
development, and the achievements of the present day, — whether in 
government, in science, in art, or in politics, — they carry us back to a 
period which is really very remote, and which recalls a world very far 
different from the world in which we live to-day. Not only that, but 
if it be true, as the poet has sung, that half a century of Europe is 
better than a cycle of Cathay, it is also true, and it is merely 
another form of the same truth, to say that in the accelerated progress 
of the present time, as the world marches forward down the ever- 
broadening path of progress, fifty years means more to man, means 
more to tlie individual, than five hundred years spent in the twilight of 
the middle ages. And therefore those two hundred and fifty years, 
already representing a respectable antiquity, are hkely, as the years go 
forward, to increase in significance and value with a momentum that 
we can hardly yet appreciate. 

It was one hundred years after the incorporation of the town of 
Maiden before the steam-engine ushered in the age of steam. It 
seems to us now as if the age of steam might soon pass away into the 
dim twilight, and be succeeded in the coming century, as it has 
already begun to be in the present century, by the age of electricity. 
And w^hat man is so wise to-day that he would be willing to say that, 
through liquid air, or some great undiscovered force more subtle still, 
the coming century may not see another force introduced that shall 
make even the electricity of to-day seem like a clumsy tool in the 
hand of man? 



260 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Now there is another fact that I think shouM he borne in mind in 
any comparison that is made of the present with the past, still more 
in any comparison that may lie made of the present with the future. 
It is this — that with the accelerated pace, with the greater demands 
that modern life makes upon the individual, just as it is true that to 
control tl)e migiity locomotive that moves the express train, moving 
almost with the noise and with the rapidity of thunder and of light- 
ning — as that requires a better developed brain, a cooler judgment, a 
quicker dexterity — just as the motorman of to-day must be a better 
educated man, a man of quicker brain power than he who formerly 
drove the hoi'ses of the horse-car — so the modern life makes a greater 
demand upon the individual; and to meet it the individual must culti- 
vate more carefully his mental powers, must bring the powers of his 
mind and the control of his nerves to a higher condition of perfection ; 
and that is the task that is laid upon us to-day. That is what will be 
expected of our cliildren. That is the responsibilit}' of the duty to 
which our children must l)e educated. And therefore, while we look 
back upon the past, while we see there distinctly exhibited u[)on the 
stage, with the few actors that then stood before the footlights — as 
we see the great courage, the great foresight, the great power of 
endurance of the men of that time — let us not for a moment believe 
that the present time lays upon us, or that the future time will la}' 
upon our children, a demand for less power than our fathers and our 
grandsires had. No, m}' friends, I believe that in the competition of 
to-day it is a greater demand, rather'than a less demand, that is laid 
upon the individual ; and 1 believe that in order that any communit>' 
like yours — that an\- larger communit}' like the commonwealth of 
Massachusetts — in order that it ma}' hold its onward progress of 
honorable achievement, of virtuous homes, of steady progress, must 
develop, not a weaker type of civic life and virtue, but a stronger 
type. Those who, by honest industry, have, acquired great wealth, 
and who ai-e willing in the interest of the community to make a gener- 
ous and enlightened use of that wealth, must increase in number 
rather than diminish. The entire community must show something 
more, and must know something more, than the old civic virtue. 
They nnist show that upon them all rests the burden of what the city 
shall become, of what the commonwealth shall become, of what place 
among the nations of the world this great country shall show itself 
capable of occupying and honoring. 

And so, looking to the future rather than to the past, although 
this occasion might well make us reminiscent of the past rather than 
prophetic of the future, I feel sure that the commonwealth of Massa- 
chusetts, that your own beautiful city, can count hereafter, as hereto- 
fore, upon the loyalty, the A'irtue, the strength of its citizens ; ready 



THE BANQUET 261 

to meet whatever responsibility ma}- come wherever tlie}" may carr}' the 
flag or the national name, ready to meet those responsibilities at 
•which our fathers might have stood aghast, but ready to meet those 
responsibilities with all the courage, all the civic virtue, all the 
strength that our fathers have bequeathed to us, that have made of 
this city and of tliis commonwealth a fair and goodly heritage. 

At the conclusion of the address of Governor Wolcott, which was 
received with prolonged ap[)lause, the toastmaster read the following 
letter from Senator George F. Hoar : — 

LETTER BY THE HON. GEORGE FRISBIE HOAR. 

"Worcester, Mass., April 7, 1899. 
My dear Mr. Mayor, — I am sorry tliat I cannot accept the 
courteous invitation of your Aoung and beautiful cit}' to be present at 
the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the 
incorporation of Maiden as a town. Nothing could be fuller of 
instruction and ins[)iration than to listen to the simple and noble 
stor}' which will be i-epeated on that occasion. It will be the story of 
a people who have loved liberty and feared God. Tlie love of liberty, 
controlled b}' the fear of God, is not a mere desire of the individual 
to be free from restraint. It is an austere and sacred sense of duty. 
It prevents a people from trampling on the riglits of other men or 
other peoples while it asserts its own. When Maiden was settled, 
the children of the Puritans occupied only a little space by the sea- 
side. Now their nation covers a continent, and the portals of the 
temple they have builded are upon both tlie seas. Their power has 
been due not ouh' to the love of liberty, but also in a still larger 
measure to the restraining influence of the sense of dut}' and the fear 
of God. Let us pray that in this da}- of their power they may not 
forget the lesson they learned in the day of their weakness. 
I am, with high regard, 

Faithfully yours, Geo. F. Hoar. 

His Honor, Charles L. Dean. 

The Toastmaster. — As the second toast I will propose : — 
" The City of Maiden ; prominent in colonial history, conspicu- 
ous in the stirring events of the Revolution, instrumental in shaping 
the modern course of the nation, and ever ready to assist in moulding 
its future destiny." 

1 will call upon one who needs no formal introduction to this 
gathering. I refer to His Honor Mavor Charles L. Dean. 



262 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



ADDRESS BY THE HON. CHARLES LEROY DEAN. 

Mr. Toastmaster, Invited Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen : — It 
gives me great plefisiire to welcome you this evening to the crowning 
event of all the auspicious occasions of our da^'s of celebration. It 
has been a source of much enjoyment and profit to me to greet the 
many friends who have come from far and near to rejoice with us- 
Some of them have come back to the town of their birth and have 
found it grown almost out of their remembrance. Some who formerly 
called this home have returned for a brief period, and some have come 
to us because they revere the memory of father, mother, or friends, 
and all tiiat tliey held dear. 

One and all, we bid you a most hearty welcome to-night. We 
cannot ain' of us realize the actual lengtli of time of two hundred and 
fifty years, except as we consider wiiat has been accomplished in that 
time. Looking back over these two and a half centuries we find a 
rapid and steady growth. 

The town of Maiden, founded in 1649, then included in its terri- 
tory Melrose (soon to become a city), which became a separate town 
in 1850, and the present city of Everett, whose existence as a town 
began in 1870. 

As a town. Maiden always had a most honorable record, taking a 
high rank in ihe commonwealth, because its public affairs were well 
and ably managed. Our city charter was granted b^' the Massachu- 
setts Legislature of 1881, and on the first Monday in January, 1882, 
Maiden entered upon its career as a city, with a population of about 
twelve thousand and five hundred souls, an indebtedness of about five 
hundred thousand dollars, and a valuation the following Ma\' of ten 
million, nine hundred and twenty-eight thousand, three hundred and 
fifty-nine dollars. 

To-day, we have a population approximating thirtj'-three thousand, 
or an average gain of twelve hundred a year in seventeen years, with 
a valuation. May 1, 1898, of twenty-six million, one hundred and fortj'- 
seven thousand, six hundred and sixty dollars. 

The public improvements made necessary b}' this rapid growth and 
increasing population have been man}-, requiring a large expenditure 
of money ; and this demand has been met b}- our several city govern- 
ments in a conservative spirit. 

Since becoming a cit}', the total expenditures for public and per- 
manent improvements have been near two million, two hundred and 
fift}' thousand dollars. I have not the exact figures, but the}' are 
about as follows : — 



THE BANQUET 263 

School buildings and land for same, $G00,000 

Fire stations and land for same, 42,000 

Fire apparatus and police signal sjstem, 25,000 

Armory and almshouse, 15,000 

Water construction and extension of service, v^ 600,000 

Sewers, 500,000 

New streets and extensions, less assessments, 195,000 

Brick sidewalks and edgestones, 115,000 

Street and gutter paving and surface drainage, 54,000 

Cemeteries, less receipts for sale of lots, 70,000 

Public parks, 100,000 

Brick stables and land for water and street departments, 75,000 

These several items make, $2,391,000 

The}- seem to me to be nearl}- correct, yet I have made an estimate 
of two million, two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the purpose 
of these remarks, preferring rather to under than over estimate our 
expenditures for improvements. 

The indebtedness of the cit}', Jan. 1, 1899, was : — 

Municipal, |435,050 

Water, 571,500 _ 



Public parks, 100,000 

Sewerage, 600,000 



Less sinking funds : 

Water, $136,523.26 

Sewerage, 81,553.71 

Public parks, 2,900.50 



[,706,550.00 



^220,977.47 



Making a net indebtedness, Jan. 1, 1899, of ^1,485,572.53 

Or a gain of indebtedness in the seventeen years of about one 
million dollars to offset the figures I have given (upwards of two and 
a quarter millions) expended for public and permanent improvements. 

This has all been done with a rate of taxation averaging not 
over fifteen dollars per thousand, which is less than the average of 
the cities of the commonwealth (excluding Boston) during the same 
period. 

The net result is an increase of debt of about one million dollars, 
and a gain in public property and improvements of two million, two 
hundred and fifty thousand dollars, or more, an increase in population 
of nearl}- twenty-one thousand, and in the assessed valuation of about 
fifteen million, two hundred thousand dollars. I have stated enough 
to show the excellent financial condition of our cit}-, and a record 
that our citizens mav well be proud of. 



264 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

We are proud also of the record made b}- our predecessors ; and 
we feel that the condition we are in to-day proves that the affairs of 
the city have been well and ably administered, and that Maiden has 
a high standing among the cities of the commonwealth. 

Because of our close proximity to the great city of Boston, we may 
not have as extensive business blocks as if further removed, but what 
we ma}' lack in this is more than offset in many other ways. 

We have fine streets ; churches of almost every denomination are 
here, embracing some of the largest in the commonwealth ; we have a 
public libraiy costing more than two hundred thousand dollars, the 
gift of our honored fellow-citizen, our first mayor, — Hon. Elisha S. 
Converse; a hospital, which has also had large assistance from Mr. 
Converse, opened to the public in 1892 ; a Young Men's Christian 
Association building, costing upwards of ninety thousand dollars, 
dedicated in 189G ; and a Home for Aged Peoi)le. An important 
portion of the Metropolitan Park system, with its fine boulevards, is 
within our city, and one of our honored citizens is chairman of the 
commission. All these varied interests receive strong and hearty 
cooperation and assistance from our people. Our manufacturing 
interests are prospering, our merchants are doing a good business 
and are am[)ly able to meet the needs of the people. Our banks are 
on a sound basis ; our railroad facilities (both steam and electric) have 
improved every year, and are giving us most excellent service. 

Our health and police statistics also show that our city is a most 
desirable place of residence ; our religious and social institutions are 
a ciedit to the cit}', and are a strong inducement to choose Maiden for 
a home. 

Without intending to tempt the residents of other cities and towns 
to locate in Maiden, we feel justified in commending our cit}' to them 
as one of the best of tlie suburban cities around Boston ; and we 
assure theui of a hearty welcome and hospitable treatment, should 
the}' decide to come among us. 

In closing, I desire to make acknowledgment of the faithful and 
earnest work of the excellent committees that have arranged and 
carried to completion this celebration ; our citizens appreciate these 
efforts, and are proud of their accomplishment ; and I, as mayor, 
and as a citizen, extend to them my sincere thanks and hearty 
congratulations. 

The Toastmaster. — The next toast which I have prepai-ed is: 
'' The industries and growth of Maiden during the last fifty ^ears," 
which will be responded to bv him whom we delight in calling " Our 
First Citizen," — wliose name, endeared to us all, will be ever cher- 
ished b}- the future inhabitants of our city for his numerous public 



THE BANQUET 265 

and private benefactions, and his faithful and unswerving devotion to 
the general welfare of tliis commiinitv. 1 have in mind, of course, 
Maiden's first mayor, the Honorable Elisha S. Converse, 

ADDRESS BY THE EIOX. ELISHA SLADE C(3NVERSE. 

3fr. Toastmaster, Ladies and Gentlemen: — I came to INIalden 
in 1847, and although my residence was over the line in Stoneham 
and my business near-by, I identified myself with the First Baptist 
Church at Maiden Centre, and most of my social and man\- of m}' 
business connections were here. I was at the celebration of the two 
hundredth anniversary in 1849, and soon aftei", I removed my residence 
to Maiden. The establishment of the jVIalden Bank, in 1851, and of 
the Rubber Works at Edgeworth, in 1853, brought me still closer to tlie 
daily life and business of the town ; and I have had an opi)ortunity to 
observe tliat growth in all directions, which seems so remarkable as we 
look back over the past fift}' years. 

When I came here, Maiden retained many of the features which 
had characterized it during the preceding half-centur}'. The iron and 
nail works, which had been important factors in tlie industry of tlie 
town, had ceased to exist. Barrett's Dye-house at the centre, and 
Baldwin's at the south. Cox's Last Factor}-, and some minor manu- 
factories of tin and britannia ware, shoes, and leather, remained of 
the town's earlier industries. The Wanalancet Iron Tubing Company, 
which remained a few j'ears, had commenced operations at Edgeworth, 
in the building which is now occupied b\- the United States Govern- 
ment. Otis Tufts had just built the first wharf at the old landing- 
place, near the old burying-ground, and the Government was 
straightening and dredging the jMalden River, wliich until then had 
remained in the extremely crooked channel in wliich nature had 
placed it. The Edgeworth Company had begun to open up the lands 
of the Newton Farm and tliose upon the Highlands, which are now 
occupied bv a thriving population. Maiden was just beginning to feel 
the prosperity which came from the opening of the Boston & Maine 
Railroad in 1845, which brought inhabitants and capital into the town. 
The growth which then began has been continuous. Eliminating 
the population of North Maiden, which was incorporated as IMelrose 
in 1850, the town in 1849 did not contain over thirty-three hundred 
inhabitants ; but six years later, the population had increased to forty- 
five hundred and ninety-two. The largest growth was from 1870 to 
1875, previous to which period the town of E^verett had been in- 
corporated, when the increase was forty-seven per cent. Out of the 
little town which in 1840 contained but three thousand and thirty 
inhabitants, have come three prosperous and still growing cities. 



266 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

with a combined population of about sevent}- thousand souls. Maiden 
itself possesses about thirty-three thousand inhabitants at the present 
time. 

The growth of wealth has kept pace with the increase of the popu- 
lation, and it is well distributed. The valuation of a little more than 
three millions of dollars in 1854, when Everett was still a part of tiie 
old town, looks small beside the more than twent3-six millions of 
dollars which made up the valuation of the cit}- of Maiden in 1898. 

There are matters which exhibit the com[)arative prosperity of a 
people which are as important as those of population and wealth. 
The high intellectual and moral condition of a people is superior to 
numerical strength and material wealth. In 1849, the town appro- 
priated three thousand dollars for the schools. Melrose had not l)een 
set off at that time. The school district system was in force, and the 
town was divided into five districts with ten teachers, of whom four 
were at the centre. The old brick schoolhouse, which few of those 
now here will remember, had been burnt, and the town had erected a 
new building in the old location on School House Hill. Of the rapid 
growth of our schools, both in number and efficiency, and of their 
high standing among the schools of the state, I need not speak. They 
have tempered and strengthened the intellectual life of the city ; and 
they have turned out man}- industrious and able, some brilliant, 
scholars, who have received college honors. The appropriation of 
1849 is humble by the side of the one hundred and sixtj'-three thou- 
sand, four hundred dollars, which the city has recently appropriated 
for school purposes ; and the six hundred and seventeen scholars 
who in 1853 attended the town schools, those of the two Everett 
districts then included, were a little band in comparison with the 
sixty-five hundred children who are now enrolled in the city and 
parochial schools. 

In 1849, nine churches ministered to the spiritual needs of the 
people. To-day, thirt}' churches and religious societies stand in the 
place of the four churches which, fifty years ago, occupied the terri- 
torj' of the present city of Maiden. These, through their numerous 
charitable and social organizations, exert a powerful influence upon 
the character and habits of the people, by the elevating and helpful 
methods which they employ. 

Of the man}- secular associations formed for reform and relief or 
for social and intellectual purposes, I cannot speak. They are mostl}' 
products of the energ}' and progress of the last fifty yeai-s, and few 
of them came from the elder life of the town. They' work in many 
and varied lines with success. 

Though this was not my birtliplace. Maiden has been the home of 
my life ; and it is endeared to me by many sad and by many happy 



THE BANQUET 267 

memories. In the midst of her people I have met all the varied joys 
and sorrows which come to the life of man. In the many friendships 
wliicli have come to me here, I have found inspiration and strength. 
I feel all the loyalty to the good old town that a native can feel. 
Rejoicing in her past Iionor and her present prosperity, I pray that 
both lionor and prosperity may continue with her to her latest day. 
In the far future may her children saj' of us, and of those who are to 
follow us, as we ma}' say of the fathers who were before us : " They 
were wise and prudent in their day, and builded in the light of purity 
and truth." 

The Toastmaster. — I will now offer the following toast : — 
" Our Countr}- ; may she become the leader of nations, followed 
but not following, imitated but not imitating. May she at all times 
extend hope to the down-trodden and the oppressed." 

To speak upon this sentiment I have tiie honor of calling upon 
our congressman-elect from this district, the Hon. Ernest W. Roberts. 

ADDRESS BY TIIE HOX. ERNEST W. ROBERTS-. 

Ml'. Toastmaster^ Ladies and Gentlemen : — As we sit about 
this bounteous board, participating in the closing festivities of a cele- 
bration that will ever be memorable in the annals of Maiden, no 
doubt the minds of many of us are busied with sober reflection upon 
the undreamed-of and far-reaching consequences which attended 
tiiat generous grant of " a belt of land extending three miles South 
of the River Charles and the Massacliusetts Bay and three miles 
North of ever}' part of the River Merrimack from the Atlantic to the 
Pacific Ocean," made by the Council of Plymouth for New England 
to John Endicott and his associates in the year 1628. 

Tiiat grant was tiie foundation upon which was erected a super- 
structure of a new and wondrous beauty, that, as it slowly but stead- 
ily attained perfection, became a beacon sure and trusty for the 
guidance of the nation, a beacon destined to shed its ameliorating rays 
into the uttermost parts of the earth. The principles of equality and 
civil liberty planted on these shores by the God-fearing Puritans fell 
on fertile soil, and gave forth an abundant and ever increasing har- 
vest, which to-day is the heritage and birthright of seventy-five millions 
of people. 

The Puritans did not settle in this unknown wilderness to establish 
a place where each might worship God in whatever manner he wished. 
Themselves devout and pious Christians, although bigoted and almost 
fanatical in their religious views, they sought strenuously to engraft 
their particular belief upon the body politic. Fortunately for the sue- 



268 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

cess of other and grander principles enunciated b}' them, this effort 
proved an utter faihire ; and tlie mighty work they inaugurated of 
building up a nation went on free from the blighting curse of a union 
of church and state. 

Whatever may be said of the narrowness of the Puritans in re- 
ligious matters, however much we may condemn their harsh and 
cruel persecutions of those who sought liberty of conscience here in 
the new world, it should alwajs be borne in mind that their bigotry 
and intolerance had no lasting or deterrent effect upon the national 
development, while untold blessings have flowed in an endless stream 
from their many good deeds, — blessings which, like a pebble when 
cast into the waters of a placid lake creating ever widening ripples, 
are now enjo\'ed b}' a whole nation, and are even extending to peoples 
beyond the seas. Of all the beneficent acts of the Puritans in New 
England, none have made a more enduring imprint on, or aided in a 
higher degree in, the growtli and advancement of our country, than 
their earl3' adoption and enforcement of the plan of universal 
education. 

No sooner had Endicott and his company disembarked at Salem 
than they chose the " able, reverend and grave Francis Higginson of 
Jesus College, Cambridge," a teacher of tlie people. This event was 
the more noteworthy for the manner in which it was i)erformed, for 
it was done b}' each writing in a note the name of his choice ; and 
then and there was originated the use of the ballot on this continent. 
From the election of Higginson sprang the custom; and in 1642 it 
became the law among the Pui'itans " to teach tlieir children and 
apprentices so much learning as may enable them perfectly to read 
the English tongue. " This was followed, five years later, by an 
order that in everj' township of fift}' householders "one should be 
appointed to teach all the children to read and write," and when the 
town increased to one hundred families it should setup a grammar 
school with a master " able to instruct youth so far as they may be 
fitted for the universitv." 

Prior to the enactment of these laws, public education had re- 
ceived a wonderful stimulus by the act of the General Court of 1636 
which appropriated four hundred pounds towards the establishment 
of a college at Newtown. Two years later, upon the death of John 
Harvard and in recognition of his munificent bequests to the institu- 
tion, the General Court ordered it to be called in his name, and the 
name of the town to be changed to Cambridge. Not only did the 
generous donation of the General Court foster and encourage the de- 
sire for education, but it created and established the precedent of 
public education at the public expense, a precedent universally fol- 
lowed throughout our own country, and one that is rapidly extending 



THE BANQUET 269 

over the civilized world. Great indeed is the debt of posterity to 
those rigid, austere Puritans who inaugurated that system of uni- 
versal education which has lifted so man}' millions of mankind from 
the darkness of ignorance and debasement and set tliem in the bright 
sunlight of knowledge and power. 

But the free public school is not the only heritage that has come 
down to us from our Puritan ancestors. There is another, equally 
priceless, which is shared b}' the people of the whole country and 
which we are willing to impart to all humanity, the great principle of 
government of a [leople by and through their chosen representntives, 
which was establislied b}' the Puritans of New England at an election 
held in 1634. At the same time, the old practice of " erecting hands " 
in elections was abolished and the ballot-box introduced. With the 
exception that they had a limited suflVage, representative democracy 
was as perfect then as it is with us to-da}-. That one principle, es- 
tablished more than two and one half centuries ago, entitles the Puri- 
tans of New England to the eternal veneration of all lovers of equalit}-, 
justice, and liberty, of everj' race and in every clime. These two 
great Puritanical doctrines, universal education and representative 
government, are the basis of our greatness as a nation and the bul- 
warks of our happiness and security as individuals. Let us guard 
them jealoush', cherish them ferventl}', and extend them zealousl}', 
to the end that all the world may come under their benignant 
influences. 

Mr. Toastmaster, in conclusion, I beg to trespass upon your pre- 
rogative and propose, with some slight modification, a toast offered 
in Faneuil Hall over half a century- ago l\y an honored descendant of 
an eminent New England Puritan, — a toast which I am sure will meet 
with a ready response in the heart of every true, loyal, patriotic 
American : — 

*•' Our Country; whether bounded on the south by the Caribbean 
and on the west by the China Sea, or however otherwise bounded or 
described, and be the measurements more or less — still, Our Countr}', 
to be cherished in all our hearts, to be defended by all our hands." 

The Toastmaster. — The next toast will be : — 

''The Metropolitan Parks; an achievement of the wisdom of 
this generation, and a source of perpetual comfort and happiness to 
generations yet unboi'u." 

We are favored by having with us to-night one of our own citi- 
zens who has bestowed much time and study upon this subject, and 
I take pleasure in requesting William B. de las Casas, Esq., to re- 
spond to this toast. 



270 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVEBSARY 



ADDRESS BY AVILLIAM BELTRAX DE LAS CAS AS. 

This is a time of retrospection, comparison, and encouragement. We 
try to go bacli. to tlie days when tlie first settlers came to liiese sliores, 
and picture the sort of people the\' were and the way they lived. We 
mark each house, gather together carefully each implement, bit of 
china and household ware, each garment and adornment ; and with 
these and the fragments of story and sermon and document, we piece 
out a picture of life from those days to the present. We endeavor to 
understand the spirit and thoughts vvhich animated men, compare 
them with the spirit of to-day, and look forward hopefully to the 
morrow. 

The self-consciousness of the Puritan was in some ways a w^eak- 
ness, and it did not always make him an agreeable companion ; but in 
a larger sense it was his strength. He had a mission to perform ; he 
knew it, and he did it. He came here in moral revolt against the wilful 
imperialism of aristocratic England for the express purpose of estab- 
lishing a better home. He set his face sternly and self-consciouslv 
to that work. He was not a separatist ; but he would not have the 
imperialism and formalism of king and church ; and so he adopted 
the simplicity and directness of control b}- the people which the 
separatist Pilgrims of Plymouth had set up in church and state. P.ut, 
after all, he was an Englishman, from an English home and with a 
self-conscious, determined English mind. Habit and thought were 
English, and new conditions of danger and necessity only roused and 
added an alertness and ingenuity which he would never have gained 
at home. 

The first settlers came to Salem and pushed their wa}- cautiously 
from point to point along the coast. Some of them followed the in- 
land edge of the open marshes, where the Indian had made his trail, 
through Saugus and the eastern part of our town to the hills of 
Charlestown, and there rested and looked the country over. What a 
fair prospect it was before them ! The distant Blue Hills across the 
shining water of the harbor ; the nearer hills of Squantum, WoUaston, 
and Shawmut ; the Neponset, Charles, and Mystic winding across 
the marshes to disappear among the western hills ; line upon line of 
nearer hills and forest to the northwest, and far-off Wachusett and 
Monadnock ; the nearer marshes cut by the little I'ivers which we 
now know as Maiden River, Island End, and Snake Creek ; and here 
and there be3'ond, among the forests, green fields of Indian corn. 

From the, Charlestown hills the}' began their search for places to 
make their homes. Some went up the Mystic to the plains where now 
Burlington, Woburn, and Winchester are built, and became farmers. 



THE BANQUET 271 

Some stopped at the ford across the meadows and began the busy 
village of Medford, with its brick-making, fishing, and siiip-biiilding 
industries. Governor Winthrop, himself, built his house upon the 
sloping hills of Somerville, close by where Wellington Bridge now 
crosses the Mystic. Nowell, and Wilson, and the agents of Cradock 
took the hills of Wellington and P^verett, while Coytmore, and Hills, 
and Wayte, and Sprague, and others took up the smaller cleared 
spaces of Mystic Side, — our ^lalden. Others pressed on through 
Melrose to the open lands beyond Spot Pond at Charlestown End, 
now Stoneham. 

They were Englishmen and they brought the English habits and 
customs. P^ach had his garden spot about his house, and together 
they held all the other lands in common. They established laws to 
protect these common lands from fire, to regulate the cutting of 
timber, to destroy animals of prey, and to protect animals fit for 
food. As they grew stronger, individualism began to assert itself 
more, and they gave up the common lands and divided them into 
separate holdings, and kept their common eflfort for action in church, 
and school, and aflTairs of state. 

Maiden was a scattered settlement, with less of centralization than 
some of its neighbors, and so it kept no common or park in its centre 
or about its village church. The i-ambling paths and roads were 
improved and straightened, however, and the more important ones 
between the various villages became the turnpikes or county roads. 
These county roads were great undertakings, for the small population 
of those days was poor, and had little connection with the greater 
business and wealth of town life. The occasional traveller to Boston 
went on horseback by Medford and Cambridge, and Brookline and 
Roxbury, or else down through the South Parish to Penny FeriT, 
thence across to Charlestown, and by another ferry to Boston. At 
length, in 1787, Maiden Bridge was builL in place of the ferry, — and 
some of our guests to-day may think that no bridge has ever been 
built to replace that old one. Thanks to the persistence of our 
representatives and good governor, however, we shall start the next 
century with a new bridge. 

Eor generations, Maiden and the other villages noith of the Mystic 
were cut oft" from easy access to Boston, and their growth was slow. 
Fifty years ago, while Melrose and Everett Avere still our north and 
south parishes, we had altogether only forty-seven hundred inhabi- 
tants ; but following the Civil War a rapid increase began, and to-day 
these three municipalities have some seventy thousand inhabitants ; 
and the}' have begun to assert themselves. 

One unfortunate result came from the long years of slow growth. 
Little provision was made for the greater growth of the future ; and 



272 T WO H UN DEED. A ND F I FT IE TH A NNI VER SA P, Y 

a stranger would have been surprised that a people of so much hope 
and enterprise should have so long neglected opportunities to pro- 
vide themselves with ample I'oails and village greens or to use and 
beautify their streams and ponds. But a few years ago the people 
began to awake to their advantages and opportunities ; and for this 
awakening the}' owe great honor and praise to their fellow-townsman, 
Sylvester Baxter, for his constant agitation, and to good Deacon 
Converse for the example he gave us in Pine Banks Park. And not 
only Maiden, but all the countr}' about Boston shared in this awaken- 
ing. The English love of common lands and English sense of justice, 
the Puritan self-consciousness and sense of duty, the strong man's 
sense of achievement and right to reasonable luxury once appealed 
to were aroused. 

For several years now [)ast this public spirit has been most won- 
derfully persistent in asserting an intelligent demand that ample 
provisions be made for future needs. You know the result, and I 
need not weary you with detailed description. 

The stranger whom we take to our higliest hills looks out upon a 
strangely different view from that which first greeted the settlers of 
Maiden ; init he still sees far-off the Blue Hills and a line of other 
hills encircling Boston to our nearer ]\lidillesex Fells, and then the 
L}'nn Woods to the northeast. He sees the shining water of the 
Neponset, Charles, and Mystic Rivers, and to the east, the deep blue 
of the ocean. These are our landmarks now as then, and oncft again 
we have made them our common lands and waters. With the other 
thirtN'-six cities and towns of the Metropolitan Parks District, we 
own over nine thousand acres, and adding to these the smaller hold- 
ings of the separate cities and towns uf the district, we have a total 
of about fourteen thousand acres of public lands within twelve miles 
of the common centre, the State House. 

The timid man cries out, "■ Enough, and more than enough ! 
This must end or we shall be bankrupt." In a measure lie is right, 
but in the main he is wrong. We have learned from the cities of the 
old world. In England, common lands never ceased to be common 
lands except b}' special law or by occupation and fencing b}' the lord 
of the manor. For several years, a great movement has been in 
progress there to rescue these again to public use ; and within 
London and its surrounding district of the same area as our INIetro- 
politan Parks District there are now nineteen thousand acres of com- 
mon open lands. Paris has somewhat less, but still as great an area 
of public parks as we have. Both London and Paris have cut wide 
streets or boulevards through the thickly settled city to make u[) for 
the neglect of former days. 

Mere acreage, however, does not tell the whole story of our 



THE BANQUET 273 

wealth. Every acre along the river and seashore carries also the 
width and openness of the river and boundless sea. No other city 
of the world has such matchless variety of wild land, river, and 
seashore so close to the busj' hum of its activities ; and no other 
city of the world has done so much, in so short a time and at so 
small a cost, to preserve its natural park wealth as has Boston and 
the Metropolitan District. It is true that we must stop some time, 
and it is true that the time to cease acquiring land is close at hand ; 
but it is not true that we have done too much, or that we shall do 
too much until we have acquired all the seashore and river front 
which is not required for commerce, or until we have acquired the 
land, at least, which shall provide for connecting roads and park- 
waj's to unite the reservations and make them accessible. "When we 
were a series of detached villages, and life was simple, and open 
spaces abundant, the turnpike roads and narrow bridges were all we 
needed. But now the villages have grown and population is increas- 
ing. Electric cars and multiplied traffic crowd our roads ; and we 
must not only have the reservations, but we must be able to reach 
them in peace and comfort. The people will not begrudge the cost 
if they rea[) tlie enjoyment. 

Do not think 1 believe in wholesale and random expenditure. I 
do not, but I believe that I understand the public sentiment and spirit 
when I say that the people themselves understand and believe in our 
Metropolitan Park System, and that they have a confidence and hope 
for the future whicli rouses their common-sense, their Puritan self- 
consciousness, and makes them determined to provide for the future 
while now they have the chance. It is this aroused public sense, 
this intelligent public sense which has made possible the Metropolitan 
parks and boulevards. And in this strong self-consciousness, this 
confidence in the future, this determination to carry through that 
which commends itself, I see the same spirit as in the Puritans who 
settled this town and gave us our schools and our laws and who 
waged our wars. 

We are richer for our metropolitan pai'ks ; we have already gained 
in taxable propert}', in reputation, in health and happiness. We shall 
go on reasonably and intelhgently. 

"In this new childhood of the earth, 
Life of itself shall dance and play ; 
Fresh blood in Time's shrunk veins make mirth, 
And Nature meet Delight half-way." 

The Toastmastkr. — "The outlook; ma}' the future have in 
store for us new and ever widening opportunities for development." 
I shall invite a gentleman to speak upon tliis toast who is well 
18 



274 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

known thvoughout the length and breadth of the commonwealth as an 
eloquent and convincing speaker, both in and out of the chair. I 
therefore introduce to you the Hon. John L. Bates. 

addrp:ss by the hon. john lewis bates. 

3Ir. Toastniaster, Ladies and Gentlemen : — There are but two 
spots on the map to-night. The one is Maiden, and the other the 
Philippines. The}' are both paradises on earth, if all that we have 
heard recently is to be believed. They are both recent discoveries. 
The}' differ somewhat in the character of their people. 

Before I proceed further, let me say that I want to congratulate 
the minds that conceived and the hands tliat executed the program 
for these three days' celebration. Maiden was never so well adver- 
tised as it is now. There is no city in the commonwealth that can 
reach up to its shoulder-straps. I want to congratulate the city on 
its two hundred and fifty years of existence. I would not attempt at 
this late hour to in any wise enter into a repetition of any of the 
things which have been so well said in regard to that history. There 
is much in it of which any people might well be proud. You have 
subjugated no cities. Y"ou have conquered no peo[)les. I did not see 
any captives of war, with their clanking chains, in your procession 
to-day. No, 1 saw rather the evidence that you had not been enslav- 
ing your fellow-men, but that you had been fighting for the conquest 
of the powers of nature, and that you were exhibiting the fruits of 
conquest as the things in which you took pride. The yoke of oxen 
dragging that oak knee typified the early settlers of Maiden, who 
took the giant oak and made it a part of the frigate " Constitution." 
You have a right to refer with pride to the ancestor who could see 
in that oak the timber of which to make that wonderful vessel. 
This generation, seeking to follow on those lines, digs down into the 
earth and brings forth the metals with which to construct the levia- 
thans of the deep that make even a " Constitution" but a plaything 
beside them. In the progress of mankind, in winning victories over 
nature, you take your greatest pride. 

But we are not here participating in the celebration of a city that 
has but a past. This is no dead town. It has been no funereal 
pageant that we have witnessed. There has been no wearing of sack- 
cloth or of mourning. The tides of people would not have ebbed and 
flowed throughout your streets to-day to celebrate the founding, two 
hundred and fifty years ago, of a community that had passed out of 
existence and was no longer a factor in the affairs of mankind. One 
of your citizens has handed down for posterity the history of a little 
place down on Cape Ann that they called Dog Town. It is away up 



THE BANQUET 21 o 

among the hills in a wilderness of boulders. No one ever thinks of 
going there unless he has to, and he does not have to unless the cows 
have strayed very far from home. There is nothing but deserted 
cellars in old Dog Town to-night, siiowing where the habitations of 
men once were. It is dead. We do not celebrate its founding. 
Nineveh is old, Babylon is old, but who thinks of celebrating their 
settlement to-da}'? No, it is not because you haA^ea past, but because 
you have a future that the commonwealth, the nation, and the world 
are interested in you. We iiave no influence on the generations that 
have passed. We have great influence on the generation that is, and 
we have 3-et greater influence on the generation that is coming. You 
recognized this when you placed upon the sidewalk to-daj' along the 
route of procession those cliildren with their banners: "We will 
welcome 3'ou fift\' years from now." You recognized it when you 
began this great celebration in this anniversary hall with exercises 
in which the children took the leading part. 

Maiden has a future. I claim no power to divine it. I know not 
what it may be from any reading of the stars, or from an}- tracing of 
the lines upon the palm of the hand. I read it solel}- in the path 
which it has already trod. I see it as it is, a gem among the gems so 
beautifully described b\- the one who [)receded me. I see it as it is, 
a fair petal on the flower of this metropolitan district. I see it a 
beautiful daughter among sisters wonderfully fair. Its future must 
be in the line of its past so long as its citizenship is imbued by the 
same principles, so long as its honor continues as rugged as the oak, 
so long as its conscience continues as tender as the bud, so long as 
liberty continues its most precious blossom. 

But Maiden in the future is to travel a pathway of progress or to 
recede from the height to which it has attained according as the 
nation goes forward or lags in the march. Your school children sang 
the ojher day: "The history of our city is the history of our land." 
You yourselves recognized it when you decorated this building with the 
national emblem. You realize that you are part of a great nation, and 
in its future you find yours. 

The nation stands at the threshold of a new era. There is none 
so unintelligent as not to recognize that fact. How came it there? 
Was it by design, or volition, or was the step forced upon it? You 
know what the historj- of the nation has been. Go back to Plymouth 
Rock — liberty of conscience; go back to Bunker Hill — liberty of 
spirit ; go back to Gettysburg — liberty of bod}- ; you go back to 
Manila and Santiago and you find liberty of mankind. The pathway 
has been a wide, straight pathw-a}-. To-night the nation finds itself 
at a time when it is so productive that in two-thirds of the year suffi- 
cient is produced for the entire year. At this time, when it is 



276 TWO HUNDBED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

looking for more markets, when its energies are being put forth in 
new fiekls, it finds itself thrown into the vortex of the Orient, where 
one nation strives against another tliat it ma}' obtain the advantage 
in the breaking np of a kingdom of fonr hnndred millions of people. 
Our nation's interests there are second in the family of nations. It is 
a fact that our trade there is greater than that of an}' other nation 
save one. It is a fact that the four hundred millions of China are 
within a few 3'ears to be seeking the manufactured products of Amer- 
ica. The}' are going to take the products of some nation, and the 
question is, which nation ? That is the opening before us as a commer- 
cial people. How came we there? The nation as a whole sought not 
to enter into international quarrels. It was unwilling to try its strength 
with the nations of tlie old world. It pursued the policy of letting 
alone, and being let alone. It desired no other. It was glad when 
it saw that it had had a beneficial influence on others. It was glad 
as it noted the fact that in a sliort century the nations of Europe, 
with no exception, had patterned after it in the establishment of a 
parliamentary body representing the people, with a power overshadow- 
ing the thrones tliemselves. It was sorry when it saw suffering and 
tyranny prevailing throughout the world. It contented itself with a 
protest against tyranny, and with seeking to help the suffering with a 
liberal hand. It never once thought there might be a duty to raise 
its strong arm in order tliot it might prevent the tyrannies whose 
hardships it sought to alleviate. From time to time, it had heard the 
cry of a people down to the south of us, and had told the kingdom of 
Spain tliat the trouble must cease. But the trouble went on. It 
found its own possessions in that island were being devastated, and 
that ruin was staring the island in the face. Finally, the cry became 
louder, and no one could turn to it a deaf ear. The nation pursued 
the only course that was left to it in its manhood. It raised its arm, 
and suddenly its swaddling clothes were burst asunder, and it rose to 
its height as a giant among tlie nations of the earth. And when the 
blow had fallen, the tyrannical power that for four hundred years had 
been keeping in subjection those islands, and the islands on the other 
side of the world, found itself stricken down, and in its place a new 
power had arisen with the responsibilities of the old. 

You tell me that America is pursuing a war of conquest in the 
Orient. I deny the charge. America pursues no war of conquest 
there. America, when slie struck down the Spanish rule, owed a duty 
to every inhabitant of the Philippine Islands, to every interest vested 
there. She pursued the same policy she liad pursued in Cuba. She 
insisted that she must put a government in the place of that which 
she had stricken down, and tliat the people who had never had ex- 
perience in self-government should not be intrusted with those great 



THE BANQUET 277 

interests until they had shown themselves capable of providing for 
them. She established herself there in order that she might bring 
those people to tiie rank of the citizenship she would liave them aspire 
to, in order that they tliemselves might be able to administer the 
government of those islands for the benefit of mankind. America is 
in the Philippines, not that she ma}- tear down, but that she may build 
up. 

You tell me that she is sowing the dragon's teeth, and that she will 
reap a crop of armed men. I tell you, no. America by her example 
there has alread}- reaped the opposite. B}' showing her strength, she 
has caused the tyrannies of the old world to stop, and powers and 
principalities to hesitate, and then to deliberate and take counsel 
together. Think to-night of the wise men of all nations gathering in 
that city across the sea, at the request of the czar of Russia, in order 
that they may discuss the disarmament of nations and the arbitration 
of international differences. Do 30U mean to tell me that that would 
have been possible on this day had it not been for the example of 
America last year? It was eighteen hundred years ago when the 
wise men came together to hear the angels sing of peace on earth and 
good-will to men. What of the future? What is going to come from 
this conference of nations? 1 do not know that the day of universal 
peace is coming on the morrow. I do not expect it. But in the future, 
I can see it coming. There is a trend in that direction, and man him- 
self cannot stop it. We realize that — 

"... through the af2;e?, one incTeasini>' purpose runs ; 
And the thoughts of men are widened with tlie process of the suns." 

America is in the Orient in order that she may protect that people 
from the despotisms of Europe. 8he goes tliere at a time when five 
European nations have already obtained a foothold in China. That 
work has stopped. The American eagle has driven off the vultures 
of despotism. Tlie American eagle is there in order that the prin- 
ciples of American liberty may come to those people as they rise in a 
new resurrection, the result of the booming of Dewey's guns at 
Manila one year ago. These things tend to a future when all man- 
kind shall be linked together. I can ask for the nations of the earth 
no fairer prosperity than that I have seen in Maiden to-da^', — a typical 
American city, a city of beautiful homes. I know of no community 
on earth better housed, better schooled, better fed, than this city of 
Maiden. Wh\' should not American influences produce in the far East 
those same liberties wliicli they have produced here, and which have 
brought such magnificent lesults in this western world? Why should 
not the eastern worUl respond equally as well? Wh\" should not the 
result of our nation's going there, of her raising her arm, in order that 



278 T WO H UNDRED A ND F IF TIE Til A NNI VER SA R Y 

right and not might may prevail, — vi\\y should not the result of the 
coming together of those representatives of the nations at the Hague, 
— wliy should it not all tend to the coming of that day, foreseen b}' 
the English philosopher a centur}' ago, the da}' when the war drum 
shall throb no longer, and all the battle flags be furled " in the par- 
liament of man, the federation of the world " ? 

The Toastmaster. — I announce as the next toast : — 

"The Executive Committee." 

Of course, we are anxious to hear from the executive committee 
of the celebration. We have present the members of that committee ; 
and I am pleased to call upon its chairman, whose unflagging zeal and 
indefatigable labor have contributed much towards making the cele- 
bration as a whole a memorable success. I allude, indeed, to Alfred 
E. Cox, Esq., who will now address us. 

ADDRESS BY ALFRED E. COX. 

Mr. Toastmaster^ Ladies and Gentlemen: — I am glad to be 
given an o|)portunity to speak for the executive committee and for the 
members of the several sub-committees, wiio have worked so zealously 
to make this celebration a success. Onlj' those who have had a part 
in this work can realize how much time and effort it entailed. In 
composing the sub-committees, the intent was to include all sections 
of the city, all classes, all factions, all oi'ganizations ; and more 
impoitant, to name men and women who had the inclination to render 
untiring service to our city. 

How well the committee, which labored many evenings at the public 
library a year ago, arranged these committees, how sound was its 
judgment, you are this evening well able to judge. Apparently you 
and all our citizens are satisfied with the results. Surel}'. these men 
and women, who have so well performed their work upon these com- 
mittees, deserve your commendation. They have been unselfish and 
earnest and have placed the cit}- in debt to them. 

When the executive committee invited citizens to a conference for 
the purpose of determining what amount of money should be ex- 
pended, one of the speakers expressed the opinion that if the expendi- 
ture of twenty thousand dollars would arouse a civic pride among our 
citizens, it would be a wise expenditure of that sum by the city ; and 
he was right. If the onlv result of the large expenditure of money, 
of labor, of thought, is the placing our city on a pinnacle, temporarilv, 
to be gazed at and admired by our neighbors, it were money, labor, 
and thought poorly expended. But I hope and believe that a higher 
and nobler result will ensue. We have seen, practically, all our 



THE BANQUET 279 

citizens deeply interested in this celebration. It has been a revela- 
tion to them, and has aroused a local pride which will surel}' work 
great good to our city ; and thus will all who have rendered service 
in connection with this celebration be repaid for all their efforts. 

The Toastmaster. — I now invite your attention to the toast : 
" The Founders of New England — the Pilgrims and the Puritans." 

It is peculiarly fitting and appropriate for us at this time to re- 
count the deeds of our ancestors, and to acknowledge our indebted- 
ness to them for the invaluable lessons of the past. We are fortunate 
to have as a guest this evening a gentleman well qualified to speak 
upon this inspiring theme. Without further ceremony, I shall call 
upon Colonel Curtis Guild, Jr. 

ADDRESS BY COL. CURTIS GUILD, Jr. 

Mr. Toastmastei\ Ladies and Gentlemen : — Fift}' years ago, 
when this same event was commemorated in this place, and the happy 
old custom of proposing " sentiments " had not gone out of fashion, 
the speaker called upon to i-espond to this toast was held to have said 
everything necessar}* in proposing the following sentiment : — 

" The Founders of Maiden. Puritans in principle, — Puritans 
in practice ; may their memories be cherished and their characters 
revered throughout all generations." 

Puritans the}' were, but the i-everence he sought for them has 
scarcely been accorded to them as universally as the speaker desired. 
So-called polite literature has used these sturdy, God-fearing men and 
women as the butt for its shafts for three centuries. Shakespeare 
sneered at them in the person of Malvolio ; old Burton, in his Anatomy 
of Melancholy, could find no better adjectives for them than " rude, 
illiterate, capricious, base fellows." The one quotation by which even 
Lord Macaulay is best known is the smart sentence in which he 
declares that the Puritans "'•did not believe in bear-baiting; not 
because it gave pain to the bear, but because it gave pleasure to the 
spectators." And even Charles Dickens speaks of them as an uncom- 
fortable people, who thought it highly meritorious to dress in a 
hideous manner. 

Though the Puritans and the memory of them thus for generations 
aff'orded material for those who [)an<ler to the thoughtless with carica- 
ture, lampoon, and idle jest, yet their work and their fame are safe, 
secured in that consciousness of right that the Latin proverb maker 
declared to be a brazen wall against the shafts of slander. Song and 
play and ballad may chant the praises of the Cavalier, but history 
belongs to the Puritan. The wits and verse makers at the court of 



280 TV/0 HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

the Stuarts found the demeanor of the awkward, erop-eared knaves, 
whether in train-band, or troop of horse, vastly- amusing. Tlie psalm- 
singing, however, did not seem so amusing when it rose in deep- 
throated invocation from the sober ranks just before the charge that 
was to sweep the beribboned cavaHers from its path, as a garden is 
crushed b}- the avalanche. 

The soldiers who rode so bravel}' beliind Prince Rupert, and 
Claverhouse, and Prince Charlie have left us a world of romance ; but 
it was the stern-faced followers of John Knox and John Hampden, the 
Scottish Covenanter and the English Puritan, who overtlirew the 
tyranny of kings and left us no legacy, indeed, in the realm of fanc}-, 
but sound, hard facts in the shape of the rights of the people, the very 
foundation of the structure of this republic. 

The gentlemen who sought a Western Golconda at Jamestown 
called themselves Adventurers. The plain people who first sought the 
shores of bleak New England, we know as Pilgrims. The Adventurers 
came to the new world to seek their fortune ; the Pilgrims and 
Puritans to earn it. No weak-hearted wail went up from bleak New 
England at her earlj' sufferings. Hunger, cold, and savages could 
not turn these brave hearts from their purpose. When the biting 
New England winter found them without further supply' of food they 
gathered the acorns from the woods, the clams and mussels from the 
beaches, and glorified God, to use the old words, " who had given 
them to suck of the abundance of the seas and of treasure hid in the 
sands." 

To understand the Puritan it is necessary to understand the times 
that gave him birth. He was not merely the follower of a religious 
creed that differed from the one onginally accepted in Europe. Indeed, 
though the first New England settlers were agreed, the English Puri- 
tans as a body diflfered widely among themselves, both as to creed and 
church government. Some were Independents or Congregationalists, 
some were Presbyterians, and John Milton was what would now be 
called a Unitarian. The bond that held these men so firmly together, 
indeed, was union in rebellion against the social and moral conditions 
of the day. The Hundred Years' War and the Wars of the Roses 
had utterl}' demoralized the English people. 

France had been merely a field for plunder and murder by P^ng- 
lishmen and their allies. The France that Joan of Arc freed from 
English rule was quite as wretched as Cuba under Spanish rule. 
When Shakespeare, even in his da}-, long after this event, speaks of 
" infants quartered by the hands of war," he is not using his imagina- 
tion. This century of English plunder and i)l()0(lshed had almost 
wiped out the memory of the arts of peace. The rise of Parliament 
and popular government that had gone so far under Richard II. had 



THE BANQUET 281 

been not on\\ stopped, but reversed. The Tudors were despots almost 
as truly as the Roraanotfs. 

Queen Elizabeth was personally a patron of bull-baiting and bear- 
baiting. So, in her day, were most people. The Maypole, a relic of 
the most depraved worship of all paganism, was no mere excuse for 
an innocent dance, but the centre of the vilest debaucher}'. The 
Merr}- Mount and its Maypole at Wollaston was as vile as the Merry 
Monarch who ruled England under the name of Charles II. ; and the 
world was the better when both were removed. 

The Puritans turned to the Bible, not only because the}' loved its 
teachings, but because, under Henry VIII., it was almost the only book 
a decent man could read. The foulest tales of Italy and France, uni- 
versally circulated, formed the only popular literature, and aided to 
debase popular morality. The Lord's Day was not merely invaded by 
sports, but by the wildest license. The laborer, moreover, could not 
legally- enjo}' that day of rest, unless his master chose. Public office 
went by favor ; an ex-highwayman was made chief justice, and kings 
and queens fitted out the ships of pirates and shared their boot}'. 

This was the social structure which the Puritan faced, and against 
which he struck the first shattering blow. He was no mere zealot, 
devoted to this or that scheme of religion or church government. His 
was the cause of the plain man against the tyrant ; the honest man 
against the rogue ; the virtuous man against the rake ; the patriot 
against the plunderer. Faults he had in common with poor humanity 
of all ages, but it may, at least, be said that he was simple in an age 
of extravagance, austere in the midst of debaucher}', honest though 
ruled b}' corruption, and sincere though subject to a succession of 
sovereigns constant in nothing but the pursuit of their own selfish 
desires. 

Such were the makers of New England ; such the men to whom 
we of New England owe more than our country. The greatest 
heritage they have left us is not the territor}' the}' took from the 
Indians, as the Indians had taken it from the Skrselings. They left 
us, as their greatest gifts, the New England town-meeting and the 
New England conscience, popular government and the control of self 
that makes it possiI)le. 

Not of Plymouth only, but of each New England village can it be 
written : — 

" Here on this rock and on this sterile soil 
Began the kinf^doni not of kinj^s but men, 
Began the making of the workl again. 

Here struck the seed, the Pilgrims' roofless town, 
AVhere equal rights and eciual bonds were set, 
Where all the people eepial franchised met, 



282 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Where doom was writ of privilege and crown, 

Where human breath blew all the idols down ; 

Where crests were naught, where vultures' flags were furled, 

And common men began to own the world." 

The advent of milder times has softened the sternness and asceti- 
cism of our Puritan forebears. It has added virtues from other races 
that the Puritans did not possess ; but it has not vet driven the influ- 
ence of the Puritan from the United States. There is still left, in 
part at least, the indomitable courage that wrings victor}' from defeat, 
and the habit of self-examination, that, if it does not al\va3-s force the 
American to do right, at least makes it uncomfortable to do wrong. 
Least gifted of an}- section of our broad land in natural advantages, 
New England holds her place b}- the sheer brains and pluck of her 
citizens. Parted b}' part}' lines we may be, but touch the national 
honor or the national flag, and we are, after all, Americans. 

The whole world has been thrilled by the Englishman's prayer in 
the midst of his military triumph : — 

" Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet. 
Lest we forget, lest we forget ! " 

We can all share that prayer, whatever our nation or race or 
creed. We of the United States, perhaps, need it most of all. TeL 
in our day of triumph in Cuba, not one man, but ten thousand, sang a 
different hymn. 

On the hills above Havana, from the American camp, as the mid- 
night call of the sentinel ushered in Christmas Day, there arose the 
sound of singing, the spontaneous singing of an army. The new song 
of the English poet is one of appeal ; the old song raised by the 
American soldier is one of the Puritan " hymns of lofty cheer" a 
song, not of appeal, but of trust : — 

" Fear not, T am with thee, O be not dismayed, 
For I am thy God, I will still give thee aid ; 
I '11 strengthen thee, help thee, and cause thee to stand, 
Upheld by My mighty, omnipotent hand." 

The dawn of the first Christian era of American control in Cuba, 
just before one of the most triumphal parades accorded to any army, 
was welcomed in by Protestant, Catholic, and Jew, North and South, 
Regular and Volunteer, not with disorder and dissipation, but with a 
serious realization of the new responsibilities that await us, and with 
hymns of praise and trust. 

Surely the Puritan founders of New England could ask no better 
evidence than this, that the American people will soberly face their 
days of trial as the colonists faced theirs, not perhaps as conquerors, 
but never, please God, as cowards. 




CENTKAL SQUARE -AFTER THE REVIEW 



THE BANQUET 283 

The Toastmaster. — In behalf of the banquet committee, I shall 
invite tlie Rev. Edwin H. Hughes as the last speaker to address us 
and pronounce the benediction. Mr. Hughes will speak upon the 
topic : " The city without a church ; " and I assure you, upon the most 
excellent authority, that the subject is not as solemn as it sounds. 



ADDRESS BY THE REV. EDWIN H. HUGHES. 
Pastok of the Centre Methodist Episcopal Church. 

III-. Toastmastef, Ladies and Gentlemen : — A child once wrote 
an essay about tlie cow. The essay was short and simple, and read 
thus: "The cow is the greatest animal on earth." The mother 
wished to encourage the infant writer. So when the pastor called, the 
little girl was asked to read her essay. Feeling that something was 
due to the presence of the reverend visitor, she brought out the 
second and improved edition as follows: " The cow is the greatest 
animal on earth, — except religion." It is not everybody that in such 
a dilemma would be able to hold on to both horns and still manage to 
capture the preacher. I have not been fully able to rid myself of the 
su'^picion that the tip-end of these anniversary exercises has been 
arranged out of consideration for the clergy. In that case the com- 
mittee may be said to have cut the garment of their program to fit the 
doth. 

The other speakers have talked of their specialties ; why should 
not the preacher? The park is the most beautiful thing in a city, — 
except religion. Industry is the most useful tiling in a city, — except 
religion. Political leadership is the most influential thing in a city, — 
except religion. Legislation is the most protecting thing in a city, 
— except religion. My predecessors upon the program seem to have 
realized all this; for, try as they would, they have not been able to 
avoid the religious element. I could not resist the impression that 
the last speaker. Colonel Guild, missed his calling and that he should 
have been a preacher rather than a politician. 

An evil genius appeared to me recently, saying: The history of 
Maiden has been falsified. Men have said that this has been a cit}- 
with a church. But it has ever been a cit}' without a church. You 
must therefore inform the celebrants of their mistake. Take out of 
the liistory whatever claims to have grown out of the church life. 
Give the people the truth. For once I obeyed an evil genius and set 
about my task. Tlie result was strange and haggard. It touched the 
very mystery of the city's being. Maiden could be represented as 
saying to the church what Oliver Wendell Holmes said to the picture 
of Dorothy Q. : — 



284 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

"O Damsel Dorothy! Dorothy Q. ! 
Strange is the gift that I owe to you ; 
Such a gift as never a king 
Save to a daugliter or son might bring, — 
All my tenure of heart and hand, 
All my title to house and land ; 
Mother and sister and child and wife, 
And joy and sorrow and death and life ! 

" What if a hundred years ago 
Those close-shut lips bad answered No, 

Should I be I, or would it be 

One tenth another, to nine tenths me ? " 

Maiden without a church would not have been Maiden at all. To 
speak of it so would be like speaking of a man without a maternal 
ancestor. I must not push this mysterious possibilit\- further ; I do 
not care to annihilate my audience. To be able to speak on this 
theme at all, I am driven to make Maiden deny her mother ; that 
would be an ungrateful thing for her to do on her birthday anniver- 
sar}-. But allowing her the breaking of the fifth commandment, her 
history without a church becomes mutilated and tattered. 

It has been instructive to note how the speakers of our celebration 
have depended upon Mr. Corey's history. Our preachers, our poet, 
our orator have all conferred liberally with our historian. Mr. Core}' 
has been Maiden's recording angel. If ever we get into the better 
cit}', and Mr. Albion believes that we shall both do so, — it will be 
no mistake to nominate D. P. Corey for assistant recording angel. 
Under the direction of the evil genius, I began to take the church out 
of Mr. Corey's history-. I tore away page after page. All that 
remained at last was a title front, a few patches of disjointed reading, 
and a dark and gloomy "Finis." It was as if one had been called 
upon to unravel a seamless garment ; when the church thread had 
been pulled out, there was nothing left but a naked and shivering 
settlement. A city without a church ! The best you could say of it 
would be what the Hibernian said when he tried to pay tribute to 
purgatory-, — that a man " might go farther and fare worse." In so 
comparing we would have in mind the same worse place that the 
Hibernian did. 

We would have to drop out of our city's histor\- our most renowned 
personages. There are intimately connected with Maiden three 
names whose frequent mention is as wide as civilization. Happily 
for the reputation of your speaker for impartialit}-, thej' represent 
three different denominations. Long before I knew that there was 
such a city as Maiden, I had heard of Wigglesworth, Judson, and 



THE BANQUET 285 

Haven. They were all directly the children of the church. No one 
has been more frequently mentioned in our anniversary than Michael 
Wi^o-lesworth. This has arisen, perhaps, not so much from the beauty 
of hTs theology as from the rare euphony of his name. Considering 
the impression that he has made upon our city, one cannot help query- 
ino- why some of our Maiden mothers have not named their children 
after him. This man lives in our memory in spite of his bitter creed 
If he were still living and we were to effect church union and Michael 
AVio-crlesworth were to be a candidate for bishop of Maiden, I fear his 
theok>gy would prevent me from pledging him the unanimous vote^ of 
the Methodist caucus. He lives in our memory in spite of the fact 
that when he proposed to his third wife he wrote her a letter m which 
he put down in precise logical order, Istly, 2ndly, etc., until he had 
given thirteen reasons why the widow should marry him. In that 
case it was not an unluckv number. The widow evidently took a 
week to consider each reason ; for in just thirteen weeks they were 
married. Yet what an impression this man has made upon our civic 
and religious life ! His name is spoken with pride in our anniversary, 
notwithstanding his harrowing faith, his ragged verse, and his matri- 
monial logic. Our city without a church would have been a city with- 
out Wiggles worth. 

And what shall be said of Adoniram Judson? Had he remained 
on land he would probably have lived and died a Congregationalist. 
But crossing to India, he heard constantly the argument of an over- 
whelming ocean of waters and in mid-sea he became a Baptist. He was 
great enough for the sake of his conscience to change his mind. He 
cast himself against the wall of heathen blackness, labored six years 
without a convert, languished in prison under the weight of five fetters, 
and for thirtv-one years knew only the passion of his matchless work. 
Because he was too great to be claimed by any one city, or even by 
any one continent, God gave him his grave in the ocean, where he 
sleeps until the sea shall give up its dead. Our city without a church 
would have been a city without Judson. 

Bishop Gilbert Haven is undoubtedly the most widely known man 
that our citv has had in the last fifty years. He used to thunder in 
our town meetings, where be began his stormy career of debate. Fifty 
years ago he was the poet of INIalden's anniversary. He became a 
radical "of the radicals, without being a pharisee of the pharisees. 
He touched all of our reforms with vital power. He was the first 
commissioned chaplain in the great war. He preached freedom every- 
where, turned all the force of his wit and eloquence to the saving of the 
Union, and after the war became the dauntless champion of the black 
man. Some one suggested to a dictionary maker this definition: 
"Saint: a man who has been dead one hundred years, canonized 



286 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVEBSARY 

now, cannonaded then." But Gilbert Haven was canonized by 
public sentiment when, witliin the voice distance of the place we now 
sit, he ended his splendid career, and, finding that the cold stream of 
death was a myth, simply said : " There is no river here." Our city 
without a church would have been a city without Haven. 

Practically, without exception, the men who filled our past with 
deathless glory were the sons of the church. The meeting-house 
was the centre of our civilization. For fifteen 3-ears, the earliest men, 
women, and children of Maiden trudged over to Charlestown to attend 
churcli. In what contrast is this with the laz}' prophecy of Edward 
Bellamy in Loohiiuj BaclwKird, that men would some day hear the 
gospel by telephone? How under such an arrangement would we 
take up the collection? What a time it will be, — that era of tele- 
phonic gospel ! Instead of hearing the church bells we shall hear the 
telephone bells. In that da}- the preachers will preach along "many 
different lines." A new meaning will be given to the phrase, "a 
good telephone service." The greatest pulpiteer will not be he who 
can reach the most souls, but rather he who can manage the most 
"wires." In that case all the politicians will be flocking into the 
ministrj-. But the heroic reality of the Puritan attitude toward the 
church is more divine than the eas}' picture of Bellamy. Let us go 
back to the time when a man went to church to pay his public tribute 
to God ! Back to the time when men waded marshes, ploughed snow, 
forded rivers, and climbed mountains in order that they might have 
a place with the worshippers of the Almighty ! The glorj' that covers 
our past is a glory tliat shines from the altar of the church of the liv- 
ing God. 

A city without a church ! It would be eyes without sight, lungs 
without air, a heart without blood, a star without light, a river with- 
out water, a picture without shape or color, a rose without beaut}' or 
perfume, a part of the earth without form and void ! The past be- 
comes chaos and darkness, and there is no divine voice saving, " Let 
there be light ! " 

Therefore, ladies and gentlemen, suffer me to reach the climax of 
this celebration, not in the eloquence of ni}- speaking, but rather in 
the grandeur of m}- theme. May these celebrants divine the cause of 
the past's greatness and the ground of coming power. Ma}' we never 
have a city without a church ! Looking down the distant years, let 
us call new spires to the heights and command the future thus : — 

" Ring bells in nnreared steeples, 
The joy of nnborn peojiles ; 
Sound trunijiets, fai'-off blown, 
Your triumph is our own." 



THE BANQUET 287 

We will long and strive for but one cit}' without a church. That 
shall be the one whose gates are pearl and whose streets gold, of 
wliich the Patmos seer did say : " And I saw no temple therein ; 
for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it." 

This, then, is the benediction for our future : " Now unto Him that 
is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think, 
according to the power that worketh in us, Unto Him be glory in the 
church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages, world without end. 
Amen." 

It was not until after eleven o'clock that the last guests left the 
building and the lights were turned out. The bustle in the streets as 
the crowds returned from the exhibition of firew-orks had long sub- 
sided, although man}' remained abroad until after midnight. Between 
the prayer which opened the exercises on Saturday- and the benedic- 
tion which closed them on Tuesday' evening, fit recognition of the Prov- 
idence which has guided and sustained us through the long series of 
years, a celebration had been consummated, which all ma}' remem- 
ber, many with pleasure, and none with regret. 



IN GENERAL. 

Historic Loan Exhibition. 

Historic Spots. 

Graves of Revolutionary Soldiers and Others. 

Correspondence, etc. 

Aftermath. 



19 




MnLHEN 
His toric L on-M Hxh/bit 

fir THc: 
VMCn BLD'C PLEfiERNT St 

Sc oai^o El oof/ 

Room A. — Portraits and ]\Iemorials of the early Ministers of Maiden. 
Room B. — Photographs of Old Buildings, Residences, and Historic Sites. 
Room C. — Colonial Parlor. 
Room D. — Colonial Dining Room. 
Room E. — Colonial Kitchen. 

Room F. — Maps and Views of Maiden. Autographs, Documents, Com- 
missions, Old China, Silver, Bric-^-Brac, etc. 



HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION. 



T 



4IE committee having this exhibition in charge is to be con- 
^ gratulated upon having arranged one of the finest exhibitions 
of the kind which has ever been held in this vicinity. Tlie committee 
was organized, September 12, 1898, and held frequent meetings there- 
after As no similar exhibition had ever been held in Maiden, there 
was some uncertainty as to the character and extent of the material 
which would become available. A circular was issued and appeals 
were made through the press for information and contributions, ihe 
city was divided into districts, and committees were appointed for 
each section. These committees, by personal application and working 
in harmonv, produced the most satisfactory results ; and it was soon 
found that a collection of much value and historic interest could 
readily be brought together. Honorary members were appointed 
from Melrose and Everett, in order that those communities might feel 
a personal interest in the exhibition ; and they rendered most efficient 
aid in the collection and arrangement of material. Some of them are 
worthy of special notice for the energy which they displayed in the 
interest of the exhibition. 

The committee was fortunate in obtaining for two weeks the use 
of the entire second floor of the Young Men's Christian Association 
Buildincr, which proved to be an ideal location ; and the arrangement 
of the rooms allowed a most satisfactory and advantageous classi- 
fication of the articles exhibited. 

Much labor was given to the collection and arrangement of the 
articles ; and when the exhibition was opened it was found to realize 
in scope and interest the anticipations of the committee and the ex- 
pectations of the public. An examination of the catalogue, which is 
a valuable record of historic interest, will give a clear understanding 
of the character and range of the exhibit; but only they who visited 
the rooms can adequately appreciate its value. Regret was often 
expressed that a collection of such local worth and interest could not 
be kept together. It is likely that such an exhibition will not be seen 
here for many years. 

A collection of views of old houses and landmarks, many of which 
have passed away, attracted much attention. It was early determined 



292 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

to make this department a special feature of the exhibition; and pic- 
tures of dwellings, schoolhouses, churches, and street scenes were 
eagerly sought. By the aid of E. C. Swain, formerly of Maiden, a 
photographer who made many of the original views, more than thirty 
years ago, these pictures were enlarged to a uniform size and printed 
and mounted in the best manner. There were seventy- five of the 
views, and when displayed they occupied the walls of one room. It 
required the labor of six months to get this collection together ; and 
with the desire to preserve it intact for future generations, the com- 
mittee voted to present it to the Maiden Historical Society, with the 
understanding that it shall be kept together and protected from 
injury. 

The collection of portraits was another interesting feature. There 
were seventy-five portraits catalogued of men and women who were 
prominent in the life of the old town, of every variety from the finest 
oil painting to the delicate miniature and the rude daguerreotype of 
former years. Many more could have been obtained had it been 
generallv understood that a portrait exhibition was to be held. Not- 
withstanding the efforts of the committee, it was difficult to impress 
upon the public mind the fact that Maiden had within itself the 
material to make a creditable historical exhibition. It needed an 
object lesson to enforce it. This was true in all departments of the 
exhibition. 

The exhibition of antique china and colonial ware was remarkably 
full and varied, and many interesting objects were shown. Com- 
petent judges pronounced it to be one of the most complete exhibi- 
tions of the kind they had seen outside of the large museums. The 
special collections in room D attracted deserved notice. 

The colonial kitchen in room E received especial attention from a 
large portion of the visitors. Here were represented the household 
implements of the old time in actual use. A gentleman from Melrose 
renew^ed one of the duties of his youth and daily illustrated the incon- 
venience of the tinder-box. At the spinning-wheel, Mrs. Jane Allan 
Russell spun during the greater part of the exhibition ; and some of 
the yarn then made is now preserved with the wheel in the public 
library, and may be shown on the occasion of the anniversary in 1949' 
The great jack, used for roasting before an open fire, could be put in 
motion whenever a visitor chose to wind it up. 

The costume and embroidery department and the miscellaneous 
collections in room F were in keeping with the rest of the exhibition 
and contained many valuable historical relics. 

There were upwards of two thousand articles exhibited. These 
were collected b}' the committee, properly arranged and catalogued, 
and finally returned to their respective owners, without the loss or 



CATALOGUE 



HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 
aSO'-!; ANNIVERSARY 

1649 MALDEN. 1899. 










THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 293 

breakage of a single article. They were insured against fire while in 
the enstod}' of the committee ; and articles of a fragile nature and 
small objects whicli were likely to be handled were exhibited in cases 
which were securel}' locked. 

The committee is under obligations to the New England Historic 
Genealogical Society and the Old Newbury Historical Society for the 
loan of valuable papers, and to the cit}- of Cambridge for the portrait 
of the Hon. James D. Green. 

The cover of the catalogue, which is here reproduced, was de- 
signed by ]\Iiss Amy Florence Dairy mple of Maiden. 

In the following list, some articles, which were noticeable in the 
exhibition but i)ossessed little or no connection with the local history 
of Maiden, have been omitted. Among these, the Faulkner School 
collection of over one hundred articles, gathered by the pupils of the 
school, was well worth}- of the close examination which it received 
from many visitors. It was an interesting collection of relics, many 
curious and valuable ; and it would have been well if it could have 
been kept together as a permanent object of interest and instruction. 

The names of the owners of articles exhibited are given in italics. 

MAPS AND PLANS AND PHOTOGRAPHS 

of old Uwelling-Houses, Churches, School Buildings, and Historic 
Sites in Maiden, obtained from various sources ; enlarged and printed 
on platinum, by H C. Swain of Wakefield, formerly of Maiden. The 
figures within parentlicses represent the date when the picture was 
taken. 

View of Malden ix 1837, enlarged from a woodcut in Barber's Historical 
Collections of Massachusetts (183 7). 

View of Malden in 18!)9, taken from the same spot as the 183 7 view (1899). 

View of Malden from Hillside .\ venue, showing Town Hall on left and 
Baptist Church in the centre (1867). 

View of Malden from Hillside Avenue (1899). 

View of Malden in 18G8, from Belfry of ^Methodist Church looking towards 
Wayte's xMount (1868). 

Main Street, Malden, from Central Square looking south, showing the 
Congregationalist and Universalist Churches (186 7). 

Main Street, Malden, from same spot as the preceding after the Con- 
gregational Church had blown down (1870). 

Central Squake, Malden, showing Town Hall, Waite's Block, and Baptist 
Church (1869). 

Main Street, and Central Square, showing Baptist Church and PubHc 
Library (1885). 

Pleasant Street and Central Square, looking east. Bailey's Block on 
the right (1869). 

Pleasant Street from Central Squ.\re, looking west. Jackson's liv- 
ery stable on the riglit (1867). 



294 TWO HUNDRED AXD FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Pleasant Street, from Boston & Maine Railroad, looking east (1867). 
Pleasant Street, looking west. Showing the old and new Methodist 

Churches (1875). 
View of Pleasant Strekt, showing the Kimball and Lakeman houses. 

Kimball's Block and Y. M. C. A. building now occupy the site (1870). 
Summer Street Railroad Crossing (1885). 
Summer Street, from Maple Street (1870). 
View of Salem Street, showing Faulkner Elms (1882). 
View of Malden, from Las Casas' Hill (1868). 
The Second Methodist Church, built in 1842. Used as a church till 

1875. Now occupied by Ecenlng Mail (1870). 
The Old Methodist Church, the spire in flames (1875). 
The First Parish Chuuch, before the present tower was built. Taken 

from a woodcut in Universalist Miscellany (184S). 
The Old Congrf.gationalist Church, built in 1833 on corner Main 

Street and Eastern Avenue. Moved in 1850 to Main Street, opposite 

Irving Street, where it was blown down in the great gale, Sej)teniber 8? 

1869 (1867). 
The Old Congregationalist Church, after the September gale (1869). 
The Falls, at ^Mountain Avenue Bridge, the outlet of Odiorne's Pond (1867)^ 
Bell Rock. On this rock the bell of the First Church was hung until 1695, 

when it was placed on the meeting-house (1899). 
Bell Rock, with bull in position, as it may have ajjpeared in 1660. Drawn 

by A. H. Bicknell (1899). 
The Hollow Elm Tree. It was located on the Townsend estate, Summer 

Street, in front of what is now No. 135 (1868). 
High School Cadets, May 30, 1886, AVilliam H. Winship, Captain (1886) 
Centre Grammar School, built in 1848. Destroyed by fire, January 19, 

18 75. Located on Pleasant Street, where Yerxa's Block now stands 

(1875). 
Marlewood Grammar School, built 1857. Removed 1886. It formerly 

stood on the site of the present Maplewood School (1880). 
West Grammar School, Pleasant Street, built in 1857. Removed to the 

Marsh in 18S5 (1899). 
First Boston & Maine Railroad Station, built 1845 on east side of 

track. Kemoved in 1872 (1867). 
Second Boston & jMaine Railroad Station, built 1871. Removed 

September, 1892, when Summer Street was extended to Pleasant Street 

(1880). 
High School, Salem Street, built in 1872. Used as a High School building 

till 1896 (1880). 
E. C. Swain's Photographic Car, Pleasant Street (1867). 
Las Casas' Pond, between Summer and Beltran Streets, near Francis 

Street (186 7). 
The Cascade, in Middlesex Fells (1898). 
Hill's Tavern, Irving Street, built about 1720. It was called "The Risjng 

Eagle." It formerly stood on the site of the City Ilall (1899). 
Waite's Tavern, Salem Street, opposite Webster Street, built about 17 75. 

Torn down 1891. Was used as a tavern till 1809 (1884). 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 295 

Edmester House, Bow Street, Everett, built in the Colonial period. Owned 
for many years by Timothy C. Edmester. Torn down about 1887 (187G). 

James Howard House, Summer Street, afterwards owned by D. K. Mars- 
ton. The house was located between Clifton Street and Rockland 
Avenue, and was torn down about 1870 (1867). 

Faulkner House, Salem Street, built before 1750. Owned by Samuel 
Waite and John B. Faulkner. House removed in 1892 and Faulkner 
School built on site (1882). 

Capt. Isaac Smith's House, Chelsea Street, Everett, sold to Nathan 
Nichols in 1782. Built before 1700. Destroyed by fire in 1874 (1867). 

John Nichols House, Chelsea Street, Everett, bought in 1746 by John 
Nichols. Tradition says an Indian was killed in this house by a former 
owner. Removed about 1875 to Central Avenue, Everett, and remodelled 
(1867). 

Waite-Iresox House, near Swain's Pond. Very old house. Date un- 
certain. Still standing (1885). 

Jexkins-Rand House, corner Salem Street and Broadway. The home of 
Schoolmaster Jenkins. Built before 1 700. Partially destroyed by fire in 
1882 (1882). 

Howard House, corner Lebanon and Porter Streets, Melrose, a very old 
house. It has been in possession of some member of the Howard family 
from about 1730. Still standing, but soon to be removed (1899). 

Upham House, Upham Street, Melrose, built about 1700 by Phineas Upliam 
3d. The original house has been added to on several occasions. It is 
still in possession of the Upham family (1885). 

MiCAU Waite House, Clifton Street, corner Main Street. Built by Jabez 
Waite about 1720, and burned, October 10, 1893 (1885). 

Governor Cradock House, jNIedford, built about 1634. The oldest house 
in Massachusetts (1867). 

JoHX Waite House, Cross Street, torn down in 1896. Age not known. 
Lincoln School built on the site of the homestead (1895). 

The Parsonage, 145 Main Street, built in 1724. Occupied first by Rev- 
erend Joseph Emerson, as the parsonage. Here Adoniram Judson, the 
missionary, was bora in 1788. Bought by George W. Wilson in 1845 
(1899). 

Bryant House, Cross Street, built before 1760. Now standing (1899). 

BoARDMAN House, Saugus, located in Saugus, near the Melrose line. Still 
standing. One of the most interesting relics of the 17th century. Now 
owned by Frank P. Bennett (1885). 

Perkins House, Appleton Street. A portion of this house was built as early 
as 1647, by James Green. In 1765 it was bought by Joseph Perkins, of 
Danvers. The oldest house in Maiden (1899). 

Sammett House, Shute Street. The farm belonged originally to Deacon 
John Greenland, then to John Shute, and later to Captain Huury Rich, 
who l)uilt tlie present house about 1820 (1899). 

Joseph Lynde House, Main Street, Molrose The older part built about 
1720. In the cellar of this house was found the old "corn mill" which 
was shown at this exhibition. Still standing (1873). 

Jonathan Lynde House, Russell Street, Melrose, built by John Lynde 



296 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

about 1700. Now standing. Has been changed somewhat within a few 

years (1872). 
Samuel Cox House, Pleasant Street, built about 1812. Still standing. 

Samuel Cox built the Last Factory. Lemuel Co.\ lived in one half (1899). 
John Sprague House, Salem Street, built in 1797 by Captain Dyer, 

Bought in 1808 by John Sprague. Moved in 1875 to the head of Sprague 

Street (1868). 
John Sprague House, Rear Hew (18G8). 
Samuel N. Breedex House, Salem Street, built about 1800. Xow standing 

(1899). 
Buckxam House, Everett, built by William Bucknam before 1675. It was 

known later as the Swan House. Demolished in 1875 (1867). 
Stiles House, Pleasant Street, built about 1815. Removed in 1874. The 

Methodist Church now stands on its site (186 7). 
Charles Hill House, Main Street, next to City Hall. Built in 1812. 

Now standing (1891). 
Charles Hill House, Rear view (1899). 
Charles Waite House, corner Ferry and Haskins Streets. Built about 

1820. Now standing (1883). 
Dexter House, Elm Street, built in 1848 on site of an older house (1869). 
James Howard's Shoe Shop, Pleasant Street, built in 1837. Removed in 

1893 to Summer Street (1880). 
Haven House, Pleasant Street, removed in 1898 to make room for the new 

Court building (1898). 
Fisher House, Pleasant Street, also called the Floyd House. Removed in 

1889 to make room for Hill's Block (1868). 
The Town Pump, corner Main and Salem Streets, originally Joseph Hills' 

well. For many years known as " The Town Pump." In 1886, Mr. 

W. P. Sheldon gave the stone pump which was set up in place of the 

old wooden one. In 1894, the square was widened and the pump re- 
moved (1887). 
Bailey House, Madison Street. In this house was located the first bank in 

Maiden, 1832-1850 (1899). 
Panorama of Malden, a bird's-eye view of Maiden in 186G from the Melrose 

line to Faulkner Station. Taken from Wayte's Mount (1866). 
Spot Ponl>, Melrose (1876). 

Odjorne's Pond, a view from Wayte's Mount, looking west (1866). 
The Old Mill Pond, corner Pleasant and Main Streets. It was abandoned 

in 1850. A. F. Sargent (1850). 
Panorama of Malden, from Hillside Avenue. G. D. B. Blanchard (1876). 
Four Old Houses, pen and ink sketches by Frank A. Bicknell and Henry 

L. Moody. D. P. Corey. 
Morviller, Joseph. Oil Painting. The John Pratt House at the entrance 

of Forest Dale Cemetery. This picture was painted for the owner in 1864, 

by Mr. Morviller, a French artist who lived on Russell Street, Maiden, 

from about 1855 to 1870, and painted many Maiden scenes. G. D. B. 

Blanchard. 
Morviller, Joseph. Oil painting. View near Odiorne's Pond. G. D. B. 

Blanchard (1864). 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 297 

Boston Rubber Shoe Co. ISIahlen Public Lihrary (1851). 

Map of Malden, the oldest map of Maklen in existence. A. F. Sargent 

(1795). 
Plan of North District of Malden, showing location of houses. 

D. P. Corey (1830). 
Plan of the Green Farm, Maiden. D. P. Corey (1835-1840). 
Map of Malden and Everett. A. F. Sargent (18(J8). 
Map of Melrose. A. F. Sargent (1874). 
Map of Malden. City of Maiden (1899). 
Bird's-Eye View of Malden. G. D. B. Blanchard (1874). 
Bird's-Eye View of Malden. Frank E. Woodivard (1881). 
Bikd's-Eye View of Maplewood and Linden. Maiden Public Lihrary 

(1897). 

PORTRAITS. 

Green, Hon. James Diman. Orator at the 200th Anniversarj- of Maiden's 

Incorporation, May 23, 1849. Born in Maiden, 1798; died 1882. The 

first Mayor of Cambridge. City of Cambridge. 
Haven, Gilbert, Sr. President of the day, May 23, 1849. He was town 

clerk for twenty years, and first President of Maiden Savings Bank. 

Born 1791; died 1868. Maiden .Savings Bank. 
Haven, Gilbert, Jr., (Bust). Poet of the day, May 23, 1849. Afterwards 

Bishop M. E. Church. Born in Unite Cox's house, on Clifton Street, 

Maiden, in 1821 ; died 1880. Meth. Book Concern. 
Barrett, Augustus L. Chief marshal, INI ay 23, 1849. Born 1813; died 

1896. Mrs. A. L. Barrett. 
McClure, Rev. Alex. Wilson. Minister First Church, 1831-1852. Chap- 
lain at celebration, May 23, 1849. Born 1809; died 1865. Mrs. Chas. 

L. Eaton. 
Adams, Rev. John G. Pastor First Parish, 1838-1853. Born 1810; died 

1887. Chairman Connnittee of Arrangements, May 23, 1849. First 

f^arish. 
Richardson, William H , Jr. Born 1823; died 1874. Secretary of Com- 
mittee of Arrangements, May 23, 1849. Mrs. Wni. H. Iticliardsnn. 
JuDSON, Rev. Adoniram, the great missionary. Born 1788; died 1850. 

First Baptist Church. 
Cobb, Rev. Sylvanus. Pastor First Parish, 1828-1837. Born in Norway, 

Me., 1798; died 1866. He was the father of Cyrus and Darius Cobb, the 

artists, and of Sylvanus Cobb, Jr., the author. First Parish. 
Greenwood, Rev. Thomas J. Pastor First Parish, 1858-1865. Born 1799 ; 

died 1874. The Greenwood School was named in his honor. First 

Parish. 
Fol.tamhk, Rev. Samuel W. Pastor First Baptist Church, 1871-1887. 

Born 1823; died 1890. First Baptist Church. 
Stubbert, Rev. Wm. F. Pastor First Bai)tist Church, 1851-1859. Born 

1819; died 1891. First Baptist Church. 
Pease, Rev. Theodore C. Pastor First Church, 1884-1893. Born 1853; 

died 1893. Horace R. Broirn. 
Willis, Miss Sarah. This is a portrait of Miss Willis when she was eight 



298 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARV 

years old. It was painted in England about 1750. She was a niece of 

the Rev. Eliakim Willis. Mrs. J. Lancjdon Sullivan. 
Ballou, Rev. HosEA. A celebrated Universalist minister and President of 

Tufts College, 1853-1861. Born 1796; died 1861. Mrs. Chas. H. 

Sprague. 
Bailey, Timothy. President of the first bank in Maiden. Born 1785 ; died 

1852. George T. Bailey. 
Atkins, Gibbs. Of Boston. Born 1740; died 180G. Grandfather of the 

owner. James Bartleit. 
Atkins, Mrs. Hannah (Dodge). Born 1750; died 1838. Grandmother of 

the owner. James Bartlett. 
Watts, William. Born 1787 ; died 1852. Father of the owner. Mrs. 

James Bartlett. 
Baktlett, Mrs. Elizabeth (Atkins). Born 1789 ; died 1837. Mother of 

the owner. James Bartlett. 
Fall, George Hanson. Chairman Selectmen, 1858-1860. Born 1815 ; died 

1880. Geo. H. Fall. 
Gould, Dr. Daniel. Maiden's celebrated i)hysician. Born in South Read- 
ing, 1789; died 1856. Miss Helen M. Hill. 
Blanchard, Mrs. Sarah Phipps (Boardman). Wife of Capt. Andrew 

Blanchard. Born 1795 ; died 1888. Painted in N. Y. in 1832. G. D. 

B. Blanchard. 
Sprague, John. Born 1781 ; died 1852. Chas. H. Hyde. 
Sprague, Mrs. Sally (Hill). Born 1785; died 1867. Chas. H. Hyde. 
Richardson, W^m. H. Born 1786; died 1861. Frank P. Cox. 
Richardson, Mrs. Lydia (Hill). Born 1786; died 1879. Frank P. Cox. 
Lord, Jeremiah Page. Born 1809 ; died 1879. Henry C. Lord 
Lord, Mrs. Louisa (Scott). Born 1809; died 1856. Henry C. Lord. 
Burrage, Capt. Martin. Born 1793; died 1878. Mrs. Irving Hoyle. 
Shute, Dr. Charles B. Born 1843; died 1888. A physician and chair- 
man of School Board. Mrs. Chas. B. Shute. 
Turner, Mrs. Alice (Rogers). Born 1794 ; died 1870. Henry E. Turner. 
Herrick, Dr. INIartin. A surgeon in Revolutionary War. Born 1744; 

died 1856. Henry N. Hartshorn. 
Fall, Gershom Lord. Born 1817 ; died 1866. Geo. H. Fall 
TowNSEND, John. Born 1766; died 1856. Mrs. Franklin M. Miner. 
Waite, Thomas. Born 17 73 ; died 1854. Mrs. Lydia F. Mann. 
Perkins, Rebeckah (Appleton). Bora 1762 ; died 1856. ]\Irs. Lydia F. 

Mann. 
Shute, Samuel. Selectman of Maiden during Civil War, 1861-1865. 

Born 1812; died 1876. Mrs. Chas. B. Shute. 
Holden, Dana. Representative to General Court, City Almoner for many 

years. Born 1813 ; died 1887. City of Maiden. 
Barrett, Simon Hall. Born 1811. S. H. Barrett. 

Barrett, Mrs. ]\Iahy (Pratt). Born 1807. 6'. H. Barrett (1833). 
Haven, Gilbert, Sr. Justice of Peace, and Trial Justice of the State 14 

years. Born 1791; died 1868. Mrs. Lemuel Cox. 
Haven, Mrs. Hannah (Burrill). Born 1788; died 1884. She was 
daughter of Benjamin Burrill of East Abington. Mrs. Lemuel Cox. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 299 

Odiornk, Fred H. Born May 26, 1830 ; died Jan. 3, 1893. Maiden Club. 
Sprague, John. Born 1781 ; died 18.52. Chns. H. Sprague. 
Sprague, Mrs. Sally (Hill). Born 1785 ; died 1867. Chas. H. Sprayve. 
Barrett, William. Born 1775; died 1834. Harry H. Barrett. 
Barrett, Mrs. Mary K. (Hall). Born 1783; died 1841. Harry H. 

Barrett. 
Nichols, Capt. Nathan. Born 1765; died 1841. Representative to the 

General Court 1819-20-23-24. Mrs. Geo. S. Mansfield. 
Nichols, John S. Born 1817 ; died 1889. Selectman 1862. Mrs. Geo. S. 

Mansfield. 
Corey, Capt. Solomon. Born 1791; died 1865. First Postmaster at So. 

Maiden. D. P. Corey. 
Webster, Joshua. Born 1796; died 1871. First President of Saugus 

Branch Railroad, and a prominent man in Maplewood. Chas. H. Wise. 
Webster, Mrs. Elizabeth B. (Chase). Born 1799; died 1882. Chas. 

H. Wise. 
Oakes, I^Irs. Sarah (Battelle). Wife of Jonathan Oakes, Jr. Born 

1790; died 1858. Mrs. Mary O. Atwood. 
Starbird, Nathaniel W. Overseer of the poor 1865-1S67. Born 1804; 

died 1888. Louis D. Starhlrd. 
Howard, James. Born 1791; died 1869. Founder of the Centre Metho- 
dist Church. Geo. H. Fall. 
Howard, Mrs. Mary (Cox). Daughter of Unite Cox and wife of James 

Howard. Born 1792; died 1874. Geo. H. Fall. 
Sargent, Albert F. Born 1832 ; died 1898. Town Clerk, Selectman, 

Auditor, and Town Treasurer. Maiden Savings Bank. 
Waite, Caleb. Born 1808; died 1893. Maiden Sarings Bank. 
Waite, Jonathan. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 

Wise, Daniel Parker. Born 1811 ; died 1864. Baniel P. Wise. 
NoYES, Mrs. Emeline (Estes). Born 1808 ; died 1842. Mrs. Zera Estes. 
EsTES, Mrs. Hannah W. Born 1782; died 1864. Mrs. Zera Estes. 
Fernald, William. Born 1814 ; died 1864. Mrs. Geo. Fernald Faulkner. 
Fernald', Mrs. William (Elizabeth Newcomb Hill). Born 1817; died 

1892. Mrs. Geo. Fernald Faulkner. 
Oliver, Mrs. Mary (Pratt). Wife of Dea. Wm. Oliver. Born 1 752 ; died 

1845. Miss Florence Wailt. 
Glover, Gen. John. Officer in the Revolution. Born 1732; died 1797. 

Airs. Chas. H. Knapp. 
Barrett, Augustus L. Photo, with his fast horse. Mrs. A. L. Barrett. 
Oakes, Capt. Jonathan. Served with distinction in the navy during the 

Revolution. Born 1751 ; died 1818. Mrs. Mary 0. Aticood. 
Waite, Dea. Samuel. Silhouette. Born 1761 ; died 1851. D. P. Corey. 
Green, Dr. Ezra. Portrait and Autograph, 1846, when he was one hundred 
years old. He was a brother of Rev. Aaron Green, and Surgeon with 
Capt. Paul Jones, in the navy of the Revolution. B. P. Corey. 
Green, Rev. Aaron. Silhouette. Minister of First Church, 1795-1831. 

Born 1765 ; died 1853. Maiden Public Library. 
Blanchard, Caroline L. Miniature 1835, when she was seventeen years 
of af^e. G. D. B. Blanchard. 



300 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Silhouettes, (a) Eliza Greenleaf, (6) Sally Roads Grecnleaf. Mrs. Franklin 
M. Miner. 

Stimpson, Mr. and jNIrs. Miniatures, 1820. Miss Emilji Flint. 

Brintnall. Daguerreotype. (a) Benjamin Brintnall, born 1780: died 
1856. {h) Eliza (Townsend) Brintnall, born 1 786 ; died 1867. Mrs. Frank- 
lin M. Miner. 

Parker, Rebecca Dextku. Miniature on ivory before 1800. Great-great- 
aunt of Richard and Samuel G. Dexter. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

Dexter, Richard. Daguerreotype, 1846. Aged twenty-one years. Mrs. 
Richard Dexter. 

Lynde, Rebecca. Miniature. Chas. L, Eaton. 

Starbird, Nathaniel W., on ivory by M. B. Russell, 18.30. Mrs. Caroline 
M. French. 

Starbird, children of Nathaniel W. and Mary D., on ivory by Mrs. M. 
B. Russell, 1845. i1/r.s. Caroline M. French. 

Starbird. Water-colcjr portraits, {a) Nathaniel W. Starbird, 1817. (J)) 
Mary D. Starbird, 1817. Mrs. Caroline M. French. 



MALDEN MEMORIALS. 

Matthews, Rev. Marmaduke. Autograph Letter of. He was the first 
settled minister in Maiden, 1650-1654. Born about 1605 ; died in England 
about 1683. Frank E. Woodward. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. Michael. Poem. A fragment of the first edition of 
" The Day of Doom." A poetical description of the Last Judgment. The 
only copy in existence. Mr. Wigglesworth was born in 1631, and died 
1705. He was teacher of the First Church, lt!53-1705. N. E. Hist. 
Gen. Society. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. Michael. Poem. " The Day of Doom." A reprint 
from the sixth edition of 1715, Boston, 1828. John Ward Dean. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. INIiCHAEL. Poem. " Meat out of the Eater." Fifth 
edition, 1703. D. P. Corey. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. Michael. Poem. " jNIeat out of the Eater." An- 
other copy. Miss Annie H. Ryder, Med/ord. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. Michael. Autograph Elegy. 

" Upon the much lamented Death of that Piecious 

servant of Christ, M'. Benjamin Buncker, pasto' 

of the Church at Maldon, who deceased 

on the 3' of y^ 12'^ moneth 1669." 

iV. E. Hist. Gen. Society. 

Wigglesworth, Rev. Michael. Common-place Book. Autograph Manu- 
script. A record book about 1659-1687. N. E. Hist. Gen. Society. 

Hills, Joseph. Autograjjh of. Joseph Hills was boin al)out 1603. Came 
from Maldon, Eng., to Charlestown, 1638. Settled at Mystic Side before 
1649, and was Maiden's first representative. He undoubtedly gave the 
name to our town. A'. E. Hist. Gen. Society. 

Emerson, Rev. Joseph. Autograph Letter of. Written in 1755 to his son- 
in-law, Rev. Daniel Emerson, a chaplain in the army. ]\Ir. Emerson was 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 301 

nnnister of the First Church, 1721-1767. He was born in 1700, and died 
in 1767 Mrs. Levi Abbot, Hollis, N. H. , c . ^.<, 

EM usoK Rev. JOSKPH. Se^on. '' f f -J «^ ^^^ ^f^'' ^^ ^^ 
out of the Strong." A sermon preached by h>m .n 1 o5. ^^ j' ,^'^- " _ 

E.MERSOX, Rev. Joseph. A Sermon. On the death of Lev. J^^^P ^ j^'"^^ 
'on, oi Maiden, by his son, Rev. Joseph Emerson of Pepperell, 1 .67. D. 

EuLor^e.. JOSEPH. Sermon by. An exhortation to his people with 
resnect to Varietv of Ministers, 1742. 7). P. Corey. , , ,, 

EMrjo;, K°v. JOS.PU. Au,og..ap.. Poe.. .740 Un.posed o„ .he dea.h 
of his c^randchild, Mary Emerson. Mrs. Levi Abbot. 

Fmfk ox Sev Joseph. Autograph. A letter written by Mr. Emerson s 
fX'inlaw.Rev. Samuel Moody, of York, Me., in 1729 tohxs grand- 
daught", Hannah Emerson, in Maiden, when she was e.ght years old. 

Mrs. Levi Abbot. . 04.10 1770 i^vpncbed 

Thicker, Rev. Peteu. Sermon. At his ordmation, Sept. 19, 1 - -0, pieached 

bv Rev Nath"l Robbins. D. P. Corey. 
Willi. Rev Eliakim. Cane belonging to. He was o..a:ned pastor of the 

South Church, Maiden, 1752. He died pastor-of the North Church, ISOl. 

Mrs. J. Langdon Sullivan. ^ tvt 

Shute Rev Daniel. Sermon. A sermon preached on the death of Mr. 

Shilt! (I'native of Maiden), by Rev. Henry Ware of Hingham, 1802. D. 

G^Rev.'AAKOK. Sermon preached by. O" ^he death of Capt^Jon^- 
than Barrett, Nov. 25, 1821, with autograph of Squire Bernard Gieen. D. 

GnLXtx^.o.. Sermon by. On the " Death of George Washington." 

OsoZ- R^ D:;f:;;tD ':rLdfora. two sermons on ^' The Validity 

^^TBlpt^m by Sprinkling "and "The l^-'^^^^-V^^^l't'l^^den"^ inTet- 
Supported and defended in two discourses delivered -t Maiden ^.e be 
ainninc. of the year 1804, occasioned by the setting up of a Baptist Societj 
in that^.lace, 1804. DP. Corey. ^^^^^ ^ 

Sprague, John. Pamphlet. 1812- ine nuiui^ ,.,,11 ^^ r> P 
(without shedding of blood), in the Baptist Church in Maiden. D. P. 

COVENANT OF FiRST BAPTIST Church. The first one printed, 1824. D. 

CAT^CHisI""sed in Baptist S. S. in 1818 D P. ^^rey. 

Thumb Bible. (Verbum Sempiternum.) \ ery rare, 1810. M'^-i^- 

LiVE^MORE, Alpheus, of Maiden. Trial of, for the murder of Nicholas John 
Crevay, an Indian (at Spot Pond) 1813. ^.P^^^'^^^^^^^,,^ ,,,,,,, 
Wright, Rev. S. Osgood. Historical Discourse (1831). Dclneieu 

G-Kt.'l^Z JA.KS D. Oration. IX-liv.,.,! at MaUU., on *e 200* Anni- 
verL-y o£ its Incorporation, 1S49. Autograplr of Mr. (..rccn. DanL L. 
Woodward. 



302 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

" The Church Moves." Extracts. From " The Day of Doom," pub. by 
R. Thayer, Boston. John Ward Dean. 

Malden Bi-Centenxial Celebkation, 184D. Order of Exercises. G. D. 
B. Blanchard. 

McClure, Rev. Alex. W. Order of Exercises at his reinstaUation, Maiden, 
Nov. 22, 1848. Mrs. Cynthia Bangs. 

Adams, Rev. Aaron C. Order of Exercises at liis installation, July 29, 1852. 
Mrs. Cynlhia Bangs. 

First Church " Articles of Faith." With list of members (1832). Mrs. 
Cynthia Bangs. 

Advertisement of a Runaway. Posted in Maiden in 1744. Joseph 
Siva 71. 

A Collection of Old Programs. Relating to Maiden's History. Mrs. 
Thos. O. Nichols. 

Spoon. Made from the Silver Knee Buckles of Thomas Pratt of Maiden ; 
worn in 1750. Mrs. Thos. 0. Nichols. 

Pitch Pipe. Used in the choir of the First Parish (1800). 

Silver Tankard. Made by Paul Revere and used by Washington when he 
visited the Dexter house in 17 75. Samuel G. Dexter. 

Teaspoons 200 Years old. Belonged to Rev. Samuel Moody of York, 
Me., father-in-law of Rev. Joseph Emerson. Mrs. Levi Abbot. 

Tablespoon. Marked H. E., 1743. Given to Hannah Emerson as a wed- 
ding present by her father. Rev. Joseph Emerson of Maiden. Mrs. Levi 
Abbot. 

Washington Guards of Malden. Company Roll, 1828. This is a Sub- 
scription Paper in manuscript, showing names of subscribers for funds to 
jtrocure tents, etc., for use of the above Company. .S. Hall Barrett. 

Town Reports. 1826 and 1844. The Daughters of the late Alvin V. Lynde 
of Melrose . 

Silver Spoon. Owned by Patty Waite, wife of Samuel Waite of Maiden. 
Patty Waite was gi-andmother of Elizabeth Lord, who bequeathed the old- 
fashioned clock to the Public Library-. Mrs. Henry C. Lord. 

Extract from the INIilitia Law. Dated Maiden, May 11, 1744. Mrs. 
Joseph R. At wood. 

Watch. Owned by Simon Knights, the last slave born in Maiden. Miss 
Helen M. Hill. 

Intention of Marriage Box. This box hung at the door of the First 
Baptist Church 75 j-ears ago, and in it were posted the marriage inten- 
tions. Mrs. D. P. Corey. 

Dexter, Lord Timothy. Autograph Letter. Written to Manassah Cutler 
in 1787. Timothy Dexter, born in IMalden, Jan. 22, 1747-8, and died in 
Newburyport, Oct. 26, 1806. Old Nembury Historical Society. 

Portrait of Lord Timothy Dexter and his Dog. Old Newbury His- 
torical Society. 

Dexter, Lord Timothy. Pamphlet. " A Pickle for the Knowing Ones." 
Written by Dexter. The punctuation marks are placed in the back of the 
book, and the reader is recjuested to use them to suit himself. D. P. Corey. 

Dexter, Lord Timothy. Residence at Newburyport. Maiden Public 
Library. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 303 

Infant's Shoes (1850). Found recently in attic of old John Faulkner 

house, representing a jNIalden industry 50 years ago. Mrs. Webster L. 

Melvin. 
Watch with Striking Rkpeater. In copper case, inscribed with name 

of the owner, "Richard Dexter, his watch, 1750." Enamelled and metal 

face. George Blake Dexter, Brooliine. 
Watch Case. Of French enamel. Owned by Rebecca (Peabody) Dexter, 

of Boxford and iMalden (1750). George Blake Dexter. 
Rank Bills (1850). First issue of Maiden Bank. First National Bank. 
Bill for Pair of Pantaloons (1814). To Capt. Nathan Nichols. Mrs. 

Geo. S. Mansfield. 
Town Report (1820). Mrs. Geo. S. Mansfeld. 
Town Report (1842). Arthur H. Wellman. 
Deed of Richard and Rebecca Dexter. Sale of land in South Maiden, 

near Everett Spring (1768). George L. Gould. 
Old-time Sheet Music. Owned by Sarah Battelle. Mrs. Mary O. 

Atwood. 
New England Primer (1840). Curtis S. Pease. 
Tom Thumb Primer. Mrs. David Twpie. 
Cannon Balls. Found in a tree on the Seth Lynde Farm, South Maiden, 

after the battle of Bunker Hill, 1775. Lynde Sullican. 
Old Safe. Used by the first bank in Maiden, 1832. Geo. T. Bailey. 
Mahogany Writing Desk and Table. These with the safe constituted 

the outfit of the first bank in Maiden, 1832. Geo. T. Bailey. 
Old Corn Mill. Date 1640. Found in cellar of old Lynde house, Mel- 
rose, in 1881. One of the oldest relics of our early settlers. Town of 

Melrose. 
Standing Stool. Used by the Dexter family for four generations. Mrs. 

Richard Dexter. 
Quilting Machine. Used in the Syfferman's cord and tassel factory. Over 

100 years old. G. A. Eberle. 
Cedar Wood Box. 200 years old. Original proi)erty of the Burrage 

family. G. A. Eberle. 
Master Jenkins' School Desk. Owned and used by Nathaniel Jenkins, 

schoolmaster in the town of Maiden from 1745 to 17 76. Mrs. Thos. 0- 

Nichols. 
Two Pew Cushions. Belonged in the old Congregational Church, on 

Bailey's Hill (1833). 3Irs. Chas. G. Waitt. 
Sword. Carried by John S. Nichols, Drillmaster of Washington Light 

Guards of Maiden. John S. Nichols. 
Gun. "Kings Arm." Mrs. Sarah E. Mansjfield. 
Two Pistols. Belonged to an Officer in the French Revolution, and given 

to Capt. Isaac Smith of Maiden. Mrs. Sarah E. Mansjield. 
Coat of Arms, Smith Family. John S. Nichols. 
Coat of Arms, Nichols Family. John S. Nichols. 
Certificate as Teacher, May 12, 1832. Given by the School Committee 

and others to Rebecca Bryant. Signed by Sylvanus Cobb, D. Waitt, John 

B. Faulkner, Wm. Waitt, 2d, Anthony Lovett, and Ezra H olden, Jr. 

James H. Burgess. 



304 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Program of Concert. Given by Henry G. Carey's Singing Scliool in 

1858. James H. Burgess. 
Military Warrant. 1757. To Thomas Pratt o£ Maiden, member of 

Troop of Horse. Hon. Isaac Royal, Captain. Miss Ellen 0. Cushman. 
Dexter, Capt. John. Order of Col. William Brattle to Capt. Dexter to 

raise soldiers for the Canadian Expedition. 1759. Samuel G. Dexter. 
Dexter, Capt. John. Commission as Captain, signed by Gov. John Han- 
cock. 1790. Samuel G. Dexter. 
Dexter, Capt. John. Commission as Captain, 1717, from Gov.-General 

Samuel Shute. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 
Lynde, Joseph, 3d, of Maiden. Commission as Lieutenant in Mass. Militia, 

signed by Gov. Increase Sumner. 1 798. Lynde Sullivan. 
Dexter, John. Commission as Ensign, signed by Gov. Wm. Shirley. 1743. 

Mrs. Richard Dexter. 
Lynde, Joseph, of Maiden. Commission as Ensign, signed by Samuel Shute, 

Governor- General. 1721. Lynde Sullioan. 
Graduating Diploma, Centre School. 1859. 4 in. X 5 in. Showing 

what the Town gave. Frank S. Collins. 
Graduating Diploma, West School. 1898. Showing what the City 

gives. El-nest C. Woodivard. 
Hair Trunk. " H. L." Used by Hannah Lynde on her wedding journey, 

about 1800. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Two Indian Stone Implements. Found on the Lynde Farm, Everett. 

Lynde Sulliran. 
Indian Stone Hatchet. Found in Melrose on the Upham Farm. Miss 

Mary E. Upham. 
Order of Exercises, in commemoration of the death of Gen. William 

Henry Harrison, held in Rev. Mr. McClure's Church, Maiden, May 14, 

1841. D. P. Corey. 
Sprague, Dr. John. Discharge papers from British prisons. Mrs. Chas. 

H. Sprague. 

" To all Whom it may Concern. These are to certify That tlie 
Bearer John Sprayer an American Prisoner of War, late Surgeon 
on board the Thomas Merchant Vessel, is .set at Liberty Pursuant 
to an Order from the Hon'ble Commissioners for Sick and 
Wounded Seamen and for Excliangiug Prisoners of War. Dated 
at Their Office on Tower Hill London, The Thirteenth Day of 
November Jnstant. Given under my hand this Twenty Second 
Day of November 1781 

Jn? How Ayent 
for Prisoners of War 
At Kinsale 
" L'Ecrit en I'autre part certifle que le Porteur du present le 
Sieur Jean Sprayer Americaiu a ete' relache des Prisons de Kin- 
sale en Jrelande 
Nantes 9 Mars 1782 

SCHWEIGHAMER & DOBKEE." 

The Malden Messenger (Nov. 16, 1861). The war number. Containing 
the list of volunteers from Maiden, also list of subscribers to a fund raised 
for their benefit. Frank E. Woodward. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 305 

" The Wholk World Governed by a Few." Pamphlet, by Elias Smith. 

1805. Autograph of Elder Henry Pottle, Pastor of First Baptist Church, 

1804-1807. Mrs. Joseph R. Alwood. 
Hall Clock (1765). Brought from London, about 17(15, by Capt. Isaac 

Smith. Has been in constant use ever since. ]\Irs. Geo. S. Mansfield. 
Jack, for roasting. Used in Capt. Nathan Nichols' kitchen for more than 

100 years. Bought in England by Capt. Isaac Smith. John S. Nichols. 
Arm-Chair. Used in the Dexter family more than 100 years. Sai}tl G. 

Dexter. 
Dinah's Table. This belonged to Dinah, a slave in the Lynde family. On 

it rested her Bible, which is now in the possession of Mrs. J. Langdon 

Sullivan. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Lowboy. Belonged to Rebecca Lynde. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Square Piano. Owned by Rebecca Lynde. It was the first piano owned 

in Maiden. A beautiful piece of work. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Kitchen Chair. Nearly 100 years old. Owned by James Pratt of Maiden. 

Mrs. Augustus M. Cox. 
Table (1812). Owned by Jonathan Oakes. Mrs. Mary 0. Afwood. 
Chair. Owned by Nathaniel Battelle. Mrs. Mary 0. Atwood. 
Side-Board (1803). The first one brought into Maiden. Owned by Wm. 

Barrett. Simon Hall Bnri'ett. 
Rush Bottom Chair (1800). Owned by Martin Burrage. G. A. Eherle. 
Home-spun Table Cloth. 100 years old. Formerly owned by Betsy 

Lynde. Mrs. J. Langdon Sulliiian. 
Gown. Formerly worn by Mrs. William Barrett. Mrs. William H. 

Richardson. 
Silver Pitcher and Goblet. Presented by the directors of the Maiden 

Bank to family of Timothy Bailey. Geo. T. Bailey. 
Keys of the First Parish Church (1802). Miss Helen M. Hill. 
Bheast Pin. Made from an old silver knee buckle, which belonged to Capt. 

John Dexter. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

AUTOGRAPHS. 

Presidents of the United States. Autograph letters and portraits of 
all the Presidents from Washington to McKinley. Michael S. O'Donnell. 

BuRGOYNE, Lt. Gen. John. Autograph of. The original draft of the 
Articles of Convention between General Burgoyne and General Gates on 
his surrender after the Battle of Saratoga. Mrs. Daniel \V. Ranlet. 

Adams, Abigail. Two Autograph Letters. To her sister Mrs. Mary 
Cranch, Philadelphia, July 6, 1797, and Was^hington, Nov. 21, 1800. The 
latter describes her first trip to Washington. Mrs. W. G. A. Turner. 

Lafayette, General. Autograph Letter. Written in 1781 to Colonel 
Vose. J/?-s. Thomas Savage. 

Osgood, Peter. Commission as Captain of a Troop of Horse. Signed by 
Francis Bernard, Captain General, 1763. Frank E. Woodward. 

Jackson, Andrew. Autograph of. Attached to U. S. patent. C. Stimpson. 

Proclamation. Signed by William Foye, Treasurer of Province of Mass., 
1742. Herbert G. Porter. 

Washington, George. Autograph of. Mrs. Chas. II. Sprague. 
20 



306 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Lincoln, Abraham. Flag and Autograph. Portion of the American flag 
which floated over Ft. Sumter at its surrender in 1861, with autograph 
of Abraham Lincoln. D. P. Corey. 

Weijster, Daniel. Autograph Letter. Gertrude Dowse. 

Franklin, Josiah. Autograph. Josiah Franklin, the father of Benjamin, 
was a " tallow-chandler," and this is a bill for candles sold by him to Presi- 
dent Leverett, of Harvard College, in 1724. N. E. Hist. Gen. Society. 

Revere, Paul. Autograph of. On certificate of M. C. M. A. C. 
Sti7npson. 

ANTIQUE CHINA, GLASS, ETC. 

Cabinet. W7n. B. cle las Casus. 

Copenhagen Teapot (1800). Lowes- 
toft Coffee Pot (1785). 

Glass Salt Cellar (1795). Very 
beautiful miniature under the 
glass. Brought from France. 

Spanish Wine Glasses. From 
Bilbao, Spain. Time of Philip And many other pieces not 
the Second. 

Cabinet. Dr. Julia A. B. Russell. 
Blue English Plate. 
Dark Blue Plate (1785). 
English Sugar Bowl (1790). Used 

in the Holt family. 
EngUsh Bowl (1810). 
English Pitcher (18-25). 
English Sugar Sifter (1783). 



Silver Lustre Cream Pitcher. 
Chinese Plate (1790). 
Chinese Plate (1795). 
Lowestoft Tea Caddy (1785). 
Sevres Cup and Saucer (1810). 
Lowestoft Saucer (1765). 
And many other pieces 
catalogued. 



English Cider Mug (1788). 
Dutch Jug. Dated 1778. 
Pickle Leaf. English (1 765). 
German China Cologne Bottle 

(1798). 
Glass Mug (1810). 
Lustre Pitcher (1750). 

Cabinet. Mrs. D. P. Corey. 

Thirty-five pieces. Washington Pitcher, Blue " Sheltered Peasants " 
Platter, Blue " Caius College" Tureen and Ladle, Plymouth Plate, old covered 
glass Punch Glasses, and other articles of antique china, glass, and Colonial 
ware. 
Cabinet. Dr. Godfrey Ryder. 

Containing sample pieces of Lowestoft china from a complete set. 
Collection. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Crown Derby Plate. In the Lynde 

family (1800). ' 

Large Chinese Plate. This plate 
belonged to a Charlestown family 
in 1775 and was placed in a well 
for safety at time" of battle of 
Bunker Hill. 
Chinese Plate. In the Lynde 

family ; date about 1800. 
Rich English China Plate. Be- 
longed in Lynde family ; date 
1800. 



Dresden Plate. 

Fine Old Cut Glass Berry Dish. 
China Fruit Dish. Curious Design. 
English Salad Dish and Stand 

(1800). Used in the Lynde 

famil}'. 
Lowestoft Sugar Bowl (1800). 

Belonged in Lynde family. 
Vienne Plate (1875). 
Pteal Sevres Plate (1850). 
English Cup and Saucer (1800). 

Belonged to Lynde family. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 



307 



Collection. j\Irs. Geo. L. Gould. 

Sauce Tureen Stand (1810). 

Eidgeway's " Asiatic Palaces " 

pattern. 
Vegetable Dish (1810). Same 

pattern. 
English Willow-ware Teapot (1800). 
English Cup and Saucer (1812). 

" Two Turtle Doves." 
English Blue Platter (1810). 

Ridgeway's "Asiatic Palace" 

pattern. 

Collection. Mrs. Caroline M. French. 

English Lustre Pitcher (1750). 
Bi'ought over from Scotland by 
ancestor of French family. 

Old English Pitcher (1775). 

English Blue Tureen Stand (1825). 

English Cup and Saucer (1750). 

Earthen-ware Bowl. From Lon- 
donderry, Ireland; date 1750. 

Collection. Wm. G. A. Turner. 

Pitcher. By Robertson, of Chelsea. 
Blue Plymouth Plate (1820), 
Ashworth Salon. 
Chelsea Pottery Jar. 

Collection. Frank S. Collins. 

English Toy Teapot (1800). 

Lowestoft Teapot (1775). Be- 
longed to Sigourney family. 
With Coat-of-Arms of the family. 

Collection. Col. Edw. E. Currier. 

Washington Punch Bowl (1800). 
Presented to parents of the late 
Chas. IL Soule, of Maiden. 

Old English Cup and Saucer. 
Strawberry pattern (1775). 

Collection. Miss Sophia H. Barren. 

Old English Lustre Cream Pitcher. 
Old English Coffee Pot. Very old. 



English Blue Plate (1810). Same 
pattern. 

Glass Decanters and Stand. Six- 
pieces ; brought from Russia 75 
years ago by Capt. Benj. Leach. 

English Pitcher (1775). 

English Blue Sauce Tureen (1800). 

Large English Platter (1810). 
" Asiatic Palaces " pattern. 

English Bowl (1775). 

Lustre Cream Pitcher (1828). 



English Decanter. Belonged in 

Starbird family (1817). 
English Plate (1790). Rogers 

make. Belonged in Starbird 

family. 
Old English Plate (1785). Used 

in Starbird family. 
Old English Platter (1785). 



Blue English Plate. 
Old English Plate. 
House," Somersetshire. 



Warleigh 



Derby Pitcher. 
English Salad Bowl. 
Doulton Vase. 
Ashworth Plate (1850). 



Wedgwood Fruit Basket (1800). 
English Lustre Salt Cellar (1775). 
Old English Willow Platter (1800). 
English Cut Glass Tumbler (1775). 



Wa.^hington Pitcher. 
Cake Plate. 
Cup and Saucer. 

Old English Cream Pitcher. Ov( 
100 years old. 



Willow-ware Pickle Dish. 

English Cup and Saucer (1800). 
View of London on cup. 

Wedgwood Pitcher. English Hunt- 
ing Scene. 



308 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Collection. Mrs. Mary 0. Atwood. 

Lowestoft Cup and Saucer. Blue China Tea Caddy (1800). 

Wedgwood Compote and Stand English Pitcher (1825). 

(1800). Lowestoft Teapot (1785). 

Blue China Creamer (1800). Lowestoft Plate (1785). 

Collection (Old English ware). Mrs. Curtis S. Pease. 

Lustre Cup (1813). Cream Pitcher (1790). 

Cream Pitcher O^'S). Cup (1 775). 

Cream Pitcher (1780). Saucer (1775). 

Plate (1800). Glass Cup Plate (1800). 

English Lustre Tea Set (1719). Seven pieces. Mrs. R. M. YnJe. 
English Teapot and Stand. Belonging to Blanchard family (1809). G. 

D. B. Blanchard. 

English Cup and Saucer (1809). G. D. B. Blanchard. 

Toddy Tumbler. Very old. Richard Rich. 

Three old Wine Glasses. Richard Rich. 

Old Lustre Pitcher. Richard Rich. 

Tumbler (1749). Mrs. Caroline M. Shea. 

Wink Glasses. Brought from England by Thomas Green in 1635. Dexter 

Pratt, Melrose. 
Lowestoft Tea Caddy (1785). Miss Emily Flint. 
Old English Cider Mug. Mrs. Henry C. Lord. 
English Lustre Teapot (1810). Belonged to Howard family. Geo. II. 

Fall. 
English Lustre Sugar Bowl (1810). Geo. II. Fall. 
English Earthen Custard Cup (1800). Used in Xorwood family. 

Joseph B. Weeks. 
Lowestoft Teapot (1785). Mrs. Howard A. Carson. 
English Soup Tureen (1810). Used in Blanchard family. Rogers make. 

G. D. B. Blanchard. 
Old English Cup (1789). Green Decorations. Miss M. E. Upham, 

Melrose. 
Lowestoft Teapot (1785). Mrs. Lydia A. Bifhop. 
English Lustre Plate (1749). Mrs. R. M. Yale. 
Blue China Plate (1785). Napier Imperial Stone. Belonged to John 

Adams, the second President. /. F. Lonf/ley. 
Old English Sugar Bowl (1750). Used in the Nichols family, of 

Reading. Mrs. M. E. Beers. 
English Pepper Box (1799). Dr. Godfrey Ryder. 
Blue Plymouth Plate (1820). Belonged to Simon Tufts. Home for 

Aged Persons. 
English Cup (1794). Mrs. Caroline M. Shea. 
English Bowl (1800). Obtained from the Canterbury Shakers. Mrs. H. 

E. Sylvester. 

English Cream Pitcher (1770). Made by Stubbs. Used in Mrs. Caro- 

hne Little's family. Joseph B. Weeks. 
Blue English Bowl (1800). Mrs. Lydia A. Bishop. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 309 

Blue English Cream Pitcher (1775). Mrs. M. E. Beers. 

Old English Sugar Bowl. Mi-s. Caroline M. Shea. 

Delft Plate (1725). Mrs. Frank E. Woodward. 

Old Willow-ware Plate. Three men on the bridge. Mrs. Caroline M- 
Shea. 

Old English Platter. " Hermitage en Dauphine." Mrs. Lefavor. 

Chinese Platter (1750). Belonged to the Lynde family. Mrs. J. Lang- 
don Sullivan. 

English Blue Plate (1800). Miss Emily Flint. 

Chinese Plate. Over 100 years old. Miss Emilij Flint. 

English Plate (1795). Mrs. James H. Burgess. 

Chinese Cream Pitcher (1810). Made to order in China for Capt. Xathan 
Nichols. Loaned by his granddaughter. Miss Sophia W. Sargent. 

Cup and Saucer (1810). Same pattern as above. Miss Sophia W. Sargent. 

Teapot (1810). Same as above. Miss Sophia W. Sargent. 

Sugar Bowl (1810). Same as above. Miss Sophia W. Sargent. 

English Mug (1785). " A Gift for Sally." Mrs. H. E. Sylvester. 

Enamelled Patch Box (1790). Mrs. Lydia A. Bishop. 

English Plate (1800). Mrs. F. C. Hastings. 

Very old English Cup and Saucer. Miss Mary E. Upham. 

Lowestoft Tea Caddy. Taken from the wreck of British ship in 17G4. 
Mrs. Caroline M. Shea. 

Old English Mustard Pot. Miss Mary E. Upham. 

Old English Cream Pitcher. Mrs. D. H. Clancy. 

English Egg Cup. Mrs. D. H. Clancy. 

English Cream Pitcher (1775). Dr. Godfrey Ryder. 

Egg Cup. Mrs. Joseph S. Rich. 

Lowestoft Saucer (1775). Joseph B. Weeks. 

Enamel Flagon. Belonged to Marie Antoinette. Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 

English Cup and Saucer. Mrs. H. E. Sylvester. 

Wedgwood Pitcher (1825). G. D. B. Blanchard. 

Lustre Pitcher (1800). Mrs. H. E. Sylvester. 

Old Black Jug. 200 years old. Miss Mary E. Upham. 

Lustre Pitcher. Mj-s. Henry C. Lord. 

Old English Plate. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

Cream Pitcher. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

Old Silver Pepper Box. 150 years old. Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

Four Cups and Saucers. Mrs. Chas. G. Wailt. 

Sugar Bowl and Cream Pitcher. Mrs. Chas. G. Waitt. 

Two Plates. Mrs. Chas. G. Waitt. 

Punch Bowl. Mrs. C. H. Morse, Brookline. 

Plate, Cup and Saucer. Mrs. C. H. Morse. 



ROOM D. 

■Room D was devoted to collections of furniture, china, and bric-k-brac, 
loaned by INIrs. Chas. H. Sprague, Dr. Julia A. B. Russell, and Miss Helen M. 
Hill. Except in a few instances the articles were not catalogued. 



310 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



ROOM E. 

Room E represented a colonial kitchen, and the articles used for this pnr- 
pose were chiefly loaned by Miss Helen M. Hill, Mrs. Geo. S. Mansfield, Mrs. 
Thos. O. Nichols, and John S. Nichols, and were not catalogued. 

PILGRIM MEMORIALS. 

Collection. Mrs. E. M. Beers, Everett. 

Standish, Olive, miniature of daughter of. Fourth in descent from Myles 

Standish. 
Flax spun by Olive Standish. 
Mourning brooch, Standish family. 
Piece of cloth cover of Myles Standish's chair. 

Nail, charred wood, and glass found in ruins of Myles Standish House. 
Piece of reed from chair of Peregrine White. 
Piece of apple tree planted by Peregrine White. 

Collection. Joshua H. Milleti. 

A piece of the dress of Mary Chilton. 

A toy trunk brought to Plymouth in the ship " Fortune " in 1621. 

The wedding articles of Miss Abigail Snell, who married James Howard, 
of Bridgewater, in June, 1775. (a) Her wedding ring, (b) Silk stock- 
ings, (c) Piece of the wedding dress. 

A jewel box (1775). 

Sleeve link buttons of James Howard (17 75). 

Continental money. 

Purse of the colonial period. 

A gold watch of the colonial period. 

A toy knife, colonial period. 

Plymouth Rock, piece of. Fred J. Smith. 

Saucer (1620). Brought over in the " Mayflower." Rufus M. Yale. 

Snuff Box. Handed down nine generations from ]\Iyles Standish. Dr. God- 
frey Ryder. 

Bible. Owned by Rachel Cobb, wife of Lieut. Moses Standish, grandson of 
Myles Standish. Dr. Godfrey Ryder. 

Spoons, over 100 years old. Inherited from the Myles Standish family. Dr. 
Godfrey R.yder. 

Straw Bonnet. Braided by Olive Standish. Mrs. F. H. Longley, Evei-ett. 

Needlework Sampler. Made by granddaughter of Myles Standish. 
Chester Carr. 

COSTUME AND EMBROIDERY EXHIBIT. 

White Satin Wedding Gown. Miss Alice P. Lord. 

Gown (1796). Mrs. R. M. Yale. 

Shawl. Worn by Mrs. John Fiske during the battle of Bunker Hill, in 

which her husband was engaged. Mrs. John F. Lefavor. 
Velvet Cape. Miss Alice P. Lord. 
Linen. Hand woven. 100 vears old. Mrs. Curtis S. Pease. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 311 

Breadth of Wedding Dress. 150 years old. Mi-s. Lydia A. Bishop. 

Table Cloth. 100 years old. Mis. Curtis S. Pease. 

Night Cap. 85 years old. Mrs. Curtis S. Pease. 

Samples of Colonial Bed Spreads. Mrs. Curtis S. Pease. 

Head Blanket. Spun and woven by Grace Lincoln Bates, born 1725. Mrs. 

Daniel P. Wise. 
Table Cloth. Spun and woven by Persis Hardy, wife of Rev. Reuben 

Emerson. Airs. M. E. Beers, Everett. 
Tapestry. " The Jewish Captive." Worked by Miss Louisa Chamberlain 

about 50 years ago. Clarence D. Richardson. 
Picture. " Disinterestedness of Phocian." Wrought by Sarah Battelle 

(1811). Mrs. Mary 0. Atwood. 
Picture. Miss Mary E. Upham. 
Linen Table Cloth. Spun and woven by the great-grandmother of the 

owner. Miriam Gould. 
Double Gown. Miss Alice P. Lord. 
Bonnet. 150 years old. Mis. Lydia A. Bishop. 
Pumpkin Hood. 100 years old. Mrs. Thomas Savage. 
Two Hoods. 100 years old. Mrs. Geo. L. Gould. 
Embroidered Sack. Miss Alice P. Lord. 

Quilt. Home spun and woven. 100 years old. Mrs. James H. Burgess. 
White Lace Veil and Black Lace Veil. Wrought by the great- 

■ grandmother of the owner. Miriam Gould. 
Colonial Linen. Mrs. J. F. Lefai-or. 
Satin Petticoat. 100 years old. Mrs. Alfred E. Cox. 
Home-spun Cloth. Made over 250 years ago, in England. First used as 

a canopy, then as a wedding dress. Pauline Quimhy. 
Wedding Slippers. Worn by Esther May, of Barnstable (1771). Miss 

Ada L. Chase. 
Silk Apron (1800). Miss McLaughlin. 
Silk Pocket. 150 years old. Mrs. Lydia A. Bishop. 
Bead Bag. 125 years old. Mrs. Lucinda B. Kimball. 
Sewing Silk Shawl (1820). Mrs. Lydia A. Bishop. 
Doll. 100 years old. Mrs. Curtis S. Pease. 
Doll. 100 years old. Mrs. Daniel W. Ranlet. 
Doll. 125 years old. Mrs. Frank S. Collins. 
Doll. Three generations have played with it. Mrs. William H. Richardson. 

Collection. Mts. Frank S. Collins. 

Crepe Shawl. India Shawl. 

Real India Cotton. Bead Bags. 

India Scarf. 

Collection. il/?-s. Caroline M. French. 

Two Infant's Dresses. 125 yearsohl. Silk Handkerchief. 100 years old. 

Doll's Pillow Slij)S. Made by Pin Cushion. 100 years old. 

Ruth S. Hook in sewing school, Quilt. 100 years old. 

about 1825. Beaded Bracelets. 



312 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Collection. Mrs. Caroline M. Shea. 

Scarf. Home spun prior to 1793. Gloves (1775). Spun and knit by a 

Revolutionary Pocket Handker- woman too patriotic to wear Eng- 

chief (1775). lish doves. 

Infant's Bib. Home spun in 1794. Infant's Skirt (1800). 

Linen. Used for towels, bed cur- Pillow Slips. Hand woven prior to 

tains, aprons, and sheeting. 179.3. 

Bundle Handkerchiefs. Hand Tamboured Lace (1820). 

woven prior to 1793. Embroidered Chemisette (1830). 

SAMPLERS. 

Abigail Dane, ae. 9 (17G2). 

Phcebe Nichols (1792). Mrs. L. D. HolJen. 

Phcebe Holden, se. 11. Mrs. L. D. Hoklen. 

Mary Holden, aj. 7. Mrs. L. D. Holden. 

Maria H. Holden, se. 10 (1831). Mrs. L. D. Holden. 

Mary L. Holden, se. 12 (1827). Mrs. L. D. Holden. 

Ruth S. Hook (1824). Mrs. Carolme M. French. 

Martha S. Waite, se. 7 (1822). Mrs. D. P. Corey. 

Sarah Battelle (1806). Mrs. Mary 0. Atwood. 

Eliza Lynde, ae. 9 (1807). Mrs. J. Lamjdon Sullwan. 

Sophia Barrett, ae. 13 (1846). Miss Sophia H. Barrett. 

Sarah Sargent (1794). 

Bathsheba F. Daniels, ae. 10 (1804), Miss Alice P. Lord. 

Elizabeth Lawrence. Mrs. Geo. L. Gould. 

Martha Weald, ae. 11 (1768). Miss Ethel Smith. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Cabinet. Mi-s. Mary D. Converse. 

Druggists Mortar from Pompeii. Snuffers, 18th century. 

Ink-well, 18th century. Antique Ivory Jewel case, English. 

Signal of merchantman, 17th century. Collection of Emblematical Figures. 

Cabinet. Collection of antique jewelry, toilet articles, etc. Wm- B. de las 
Casas. 

Silver Buckles and Pin. Worn by Peter AVinsor of Col. Gamaliel Brad- 
ford's regiment at the surrender of Burgoyne, October, 1777. D. P. Corey. 

Oak Cane. Made of wood from Barque " Polly," a privateer in the AVar of 
1812, which has several prizes to her credit. Albert H. Davenport. 

Pistol. Used by Capt. Jacob Jones in sloop-of-war " Wasp," in War of 1812. 
John Taylor. 

Infant's Shoes (1758). Made for and worn by Col. Jacob Wright, at his 
christening. Colonel Wright was born in Westford, 1758. Lucius B. 
Wright, Ererett. 

Silver Watch. Inscribed Elijah Wynian, Woburn, 1755, made in Ply- 
mouth, England. George B. Dexter. 

Farmer's Almanac (1808, '09, '25 and '26). Owned by Elijah Wyman, 
Woburn. George B. Dexter. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 313 

Family Umbrella. 75 years old. Belonging to Sinaon G. Shipley, then 

residing on Union Street, Boston. Frank S. Collins. 
Pair of Bellows (1810). Frank S. Collins. 
Iron Mortar and Pestle. Mrs. Thos. 0. NicJwls. 
Genuine Bell Metal Skillet. G. D. B. Blanchai-d. 
Ancient Flax Spinning Wheel. Very old ; belonged in the Aspinwall 

family, Boston. Frank E. Woodward. 
Ancient Leather Trunk. Belonged to Samuel Lawrence, Epping, N. H. 

(1810). Containing Old Farmer's Almanacs and papers. Geo. L. Gould. 
Atlas Major. By J. Janson, Amsterdam, 1652. Very rare volume. 

Illuminated by hand. Frank S. Collins. 
Family Bible, 1822. John S. Nichols. 
Black Letter Volume, with Illuminated Initials. Cologne, 1480. Frank 

S. Collins. 
Bible, 1642. Jesse Cudworth. 
History of England. By Sam'l Daniel, 1650. Page 5 has reference to 

the conquest from the Romans, by Boadicea, of Camolodunum, now 

Maldon. Frank S. Collins. 
War Club of a Chief at Deerfield. G. D. B. Blanchard. 
Silver-headed Cane. Belonged to owner's great-great-great-grandfather, 

David Lawrence. Warren Furher Gould. 
Ivory-headed Cane. Made from rib of flag-ship " Lawrence " of Com- 
modore Perry. Fred H. Towns. 
Sword and Scabbard. Taken from the arsenal at Cavite, after the Battle 

of Manila, May 1, 1898. Just received in Maiden. Lynde SuUican. 
Spanish Pistol. 200 years old. Chas. H. Millett. 
Skull-Cracker. Taken from Sitting Bull in the Sioux War. Presented to 

the owner by Col. Edmund Rice. Louis D. Starbird. 
Boston Harbor (1775). Henry L. Martin. 

The Company of Undertakers (1745). Mi-s. Richard Dexter. 
Engraving (1731). "The Dextrous Trimmer." Louis D. Starbird. 
Old Colored Engravings. Mrs. Joseph S. Rich. 
Certificate of Membership in Humane Society (1791). Miss Sophia 

W. Sargent. 
Engravings (1795,1799). Ldban Beal. 
Fac-simile of Commission. To Humphrey Barrett, by Governor Andros 

(1680). Harry H. Barrett. 
Fractional Currency. Issued by the Government during the Civil War. 

A complete set. C. W. Cochrane, Melrose. 
Hand-made Frame. Of 2500 pieces of wood. Very curious. Mrs. 

Gertrude C. Ripley, Chelsea. 
View of Boston (1723). Mi: Melville. 
Picture. "Holy Family." After Del Sarto. Painted on copper, 17th 

century. Mrs. Eleanor R. Shea. 
Picture. "Magdalene." After Titian. Painted on copper, 17th cen- 
tury. Mrs. Eleanor R. Shea. 
Pewter Platter. 100 years old. From Manchester, Mass. Bertram 

Cheever Gould. 
Tea Chest. Mrs. Henry C. Lord. 



314 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Whale Oil Lamp. Frank S. Collins. 

Lignum Vit.e Vase. Brought from West Indies early in 18th century. 

3Irs. Caroline M. Shea. 
Small Iron Skillet. Used by Mordecai Lincoln, Hingham, an ancestor 

of Abraham Lincoln. Mr.<i. Daniel P. Wise. 
Tinder Box, Flint, and Steel. 100 years old. Mrs. James H. Burgess. 
Tinder Box and Flint. 100 years old. Used by owner's great-great- 
grandfather. Bertram Cheever Gould. 
Miniature Trunk. Used by Polly Carter of Charlestown, before the 

Revolution. Frank S. Collins. 
Powder Horn. Used in 1699. Mrs. R. M. Yale. 
Old Hand-made Shuttle. Mrs. Geo. L. Gould. 
Carpet Bag (1825). Geo. Howard Fall. 
Quart Cider Barrel (1765). Used by David Lawrence. Mrs. Geo. L. 

Gould. 
Pocket Book. Of Chas. Hill (1826). Miss Helen M. Hill. 
Britannia Teapot. Old and of odd design. James H. Burgess. 
Ancient Flask. Lizzie Laivrence Goidd. 
Pewter Platter. Brought from London by the Green family in 1635. 

Dexter Pratt, Melrose. 
Pewter Platter. /. Langdon Sullioan. 
Pewter Platters. Curtis S. Pease. 

Hand-made Shears. 75 years old. 3Irs. James H. Burgess. 
Small Pewter Porringer. Mi-s. James H. Burgess. 
Britannia Teapots. " S. L." " R. G." Mrs. Chas. G. Waitt. 
Pewter Cup. Miss Mary E. Upham. 
Toasters, Swing and Turn-over. Mrs. Geo. L. Gould. 
Old Fireplace Crane. Mrs. Geo. L. Gould. 
Silver Spoon. 125 years old. Belonged to Affia Thyng. Mrs. Geo. L. 

Gould. 
Boston Directory, 1798. Edward G. Wise. 

Wrought Iron Nails from Old Faneuil Hall. Win. H. Winship. 
The Mass. Gazette, 1788. Herbert G. Porter. 
The New England Primer, 1777. Herbert G. Porter. 
Black Letter Book. Printed 1497. Miss Mary E. Foster. 
The Gardener's Labyrinth. Published in 1652. Miss Mary E. Foster. 
The World to Come. By Isaac Watts, 1748. Belonged to Betsy Bailey. 

Geo. T. Bailey. 
Steam Gauge. From the Spanish Cruiser " Yiscaya," destroyed by our fleet 

in the battle of Santiago. James H. Burgess. 
Ancient Silver Pepper Box. Mrs. James Bardett. 
"Apostle" Spoon (1799). Dr. Godfrey Ryder. 
Acts and Laws of his Majesty's Province of Mass. Bay in New England, 

1699. Very interesting volume. Edward G. Wise. 
Proclamation, 1712. By Joseph Dudley, Gov. of the Province of Mass. 

BaJ^ Joseph B. Hooton. 
Peter Parley's Geography, 1832. For children. Miss Mary E. 

Upham. 
Murray's English Grammar, 1820. An Abridgment. Miss Mary E. 

Upham. 



THE HISTORIC LOAN EXHIBITION 315 

An Old Latin Grammar. Miss Mary E. Uplmm. 

Tkaspoon (1799). Dr. Godfrey Pojder. 

Old Silver Pitcher. James Bartktt. 

Ivory Fan. Mrs. Caroline M. French. 

Two Tablespoons. Made by Paul Revere. Mr.«. James Bartlett. 

Two Silver Teaspoons (1620). Mrs. Sylvester Baxter. 

Silver Tablespoon and Teaspoon (1630). Curtis S. Pease. 

Home-made Needle. Over 200 years old. Dexter Pratt. 

Colonial Mirror. Mrs. Chas. H. Knapp. 

Russian Samovar. Geo. L. Bliss. 

American Eagle. Mounted. Shot by Simon Hall Barrett. S. Hall 

Barrett. 
Two Silver Candlesticks. G. D. B. Blanchard. 
Venezuela Water Jugs. C. H. Grant. 
Military Warrant, 1764. To Samuel Winship, Jr., member o£ Troop 

of Horse. Brig.-Gen. Royal, Commander. Wm. H. Winship. 
Old-Fashioned Oil Lamp. Rare shape. Mrs. Chas. L. Eaton. 
Fire Buckets (1822). John S. Nichols. 
Copper Warming Pan. G. D. B. Blanchard. 
Warming Pan. Mrs. Sarah E. Mansfield. 
Collection of Silver and Copper Coins. Geo. L. Gould. 
Surveyor's Chain. Used by Abraham Lincoln in running the state line in 

Arkansas. John Taylor. 
The Boston Gazettk, 1775. Also Boston Evening Post, 1760, and iVew 
England Chronicle, June 29, and July 6, 1775. Mrs. Joseph R. Ativood. 
Child's Silver Rattle. Taken from the ruins of Pompeii. Mrs. Frank 

J. Bartlett. 
The Boston Gazette, 1770. Geo. Pi. Preshy. 
A Pin worn at Lafayette's Ball. Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 
Rose Jar. Said to have been handed down twelve generations. Mrs. Ruth 

D. Sanderson. 
Nathaniel Ames' Almanac for 1760. Dexter Stevens. 
Ancient Padlock. Dexter Sterens. 

Powder Horn. Used in the Revolutionary War. Samuel G. Dexter. 
Buttons from General Knox's Military Coat. Worn in Revolutionary 

War. Mrs. Joseph R. Atwood. 
Banner. Carried in the procession which escorted General Washington on 

his visit to Boston. Louis D. Starhird. 
English Watch. Owned by Thomas Hallworth and brought from England 

early in the century. Wm. L. Hallworth. 
Pine Tree Shilling. Wm. L. Hallworth. 

FURNITURE. 

TklAHOGANY Hall Table. Colonial Period. Mrs. James Bartlett. 
Dining Room Table. Over 100 years old. Mrs. James Bartlett. 
Secretary (1811). Made by Joseph Carter at the time of his marriage. 

Frank S. Collins. 
Child's Mahogany Bureau (1801). Very pretty piece of old furniture. 

Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 



316 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Arm-Chair. Belonging to Joseph Carter, who resided on High St., Charles- 
town, near Bunker Hill Monument. This chair was used at all celebra- 
tions there for many years. Has been occupied by Lafayette, Daniel 
Webster, Presidents Harrison, Tyler, and others. Frank S. Collins. 

Mahogany Writing Desk (1801). Mrs. Chas. H. Spragnc. 

Highboy. Miss Alice P. Lord. 

Lowboy. W. B. de las Casas. 

Carved Mahogany Work Table. Miss Alice P. Lord. 

Secretary (1733). Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 

Secretary (1790). With collection of China. Miss Helen M. Hill. 

Windsor Chair. Colonial period. Miss Mary E. Upham. 

Chair. With cushioned seat. 18th century. Miss Mary E. Upham. 

Old Colonial Mirror. Ornamented with the English crown. Geo. L. 
Gould. 

Two Chairs (1785). John S. Nichols. 

Old Mirror. Mrs. Franklin M. Miner. 

Two Dining Chairs. About 100 years old. Mrs. Franklin M. Miner. 

Spinning Wheel. Maiden Public Library. 

Arm-Chair (1725). Mrs. George L. Gould. 

Writing Desk (1725). George L. Gould. 

Table (1710). Mrs. George L. Gotdd. 

Round Stand Table. Date about 1800. Used in the Colesworthy family 
for three generations. ]\Irs. Frank E. Woodward. 

Chair. Formerly belonged to the father of Oliver Wendell Holmes. Uphol- 
stered from the draperies of the pulpit of the Harvard Church in Charles- 
town. 105 years old. Mrs. Wm. W. Winship. 

Old Dutch Chair. Brought from Holland by a member of the (Jreenleaf 
family. Miss Josephine Briggs. 

Two Tall Chaiks (1765). Mrs. George L. Gould. 

Hall Clock. INIade by Stephen Asselin, London. Mrs. Darid Turpie. 

Mahogany Arm-Chair (1750). Mrs. Richard Dexter. 

Mahogany Chair, Beautifully carved. Dr. J. Langdon Sullivan. 

Old English Mahogany Sofa. Mrs. Chas. H. Sprague. 

Mahogany Card Table. Beautifully carved. Mrs. Jas. Bardett. 

Mahogany Dining Table. Miss Sophia H. Barrett. 

Side Board. Miss Helen M. Hill. 

Windsor Chair. Roswell R. Robinson. 

Child's Chair. Very old. Roswell R. Robinson. 

Flag Bottom Chair (1719). Mrs. R M. Yale. 

Old Mahogany Arm-Chair. Mrs, Chas. H. Sprague. 



HISTORIC SPOTS 317 



HISTORIC SPOTS. 

The committee on marking historic spots prepared inscriptions 
which were placed npon the several sites which are here mentioned. 

At the Engine House, Main Street — 

THE MILL POND. 

BOUNDED BY 

MAIN, PLEASANT, MIDDLESEX, AND CENTRE STREETS. 

FILLED IN, 1850. 

South corner of Main and Pleasant Streets — 

HERE WAS BUILT 
THE FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE, 1712. 

ITS DIMENSIONS WERE 20 FT. BY 16 FT. 
AND IT WAS SOMETIMES USED AS A 
"WATCH HOUSE. 
At the City Hall — 

HILL'S TAVERN. 

1657-1804 

THE ORIGINAL HOUSE STOOD FARTHER SOUTH. 

THE LATER HOUSE WAS BUILT HERE ABOUT 1725, AND 

WAS REMOVED TO IRVING STREET IN 1857. 

NEAR BY STOOD THE STOCKS AND WHIPPING POST. 

No. 24 Irving Street — 

HILL'S TAVERN, 

OR THE 
RISING EAGLE. 

BUILT ABOUT 1725. 
FORMERLY STANDING ON THE SITE OF THE CITY HALL. 

No. 380 Main Street — 

TO THIS SPOT WAS REMOVED FROM 

BAILEY'S HILL IN 1850 

THE HOUSE OF THE FIRST CHURCH. 

IT WAS DESTROYED DURING 

THE GREAT GALE OF SEPT. 8, 1869. 



318 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
First Parish Church, Main Street — 

HERE BY THE CLAY PITS, ON LAND GIVEN 

BY WM. AND DOROTHY SPRAGUE, 

WAS BUILT 

THE THIRD MEETING HOUSE, 

1730. 
THE PRESENT HOUSE WAS BUILT IN 1802. 



On the south side of the First Parish Church — 

NEAR THIS SPOT STOOD THE 
CENTRE SCHOOL HOUSE, 

1758-1790. 
NEAR BY THE TOWN POUND. 

At the raih'oarl crossing, Main Street — 

HERE OVER PEMBERTON'S CREEK, 

AFTERWARDS CALLED 

HARVELL'S BROOK, 

WAS BUILT BEFORE 1649 
THE BRIDGE LONG KNOWN AS LEWIS'S BRIDGE. 

South corner of Main Street and Eastern Avenue — 

HERE ON BAILEY'S HILL AVAS 
THE MEETING HOUSE OF THE FIRST CHURCH 

AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE CHURCH 

FROM THE FIRST PARISH. 

ERECTED, 1833. REMOVED, 1850. 



Main Street, between Ellis Avenue and Wigglesworth Street 

BELL ROCK. 

THE FIRST MEETING HOUSE WAS ON THE 
WEST SIDE OF THE ROCK, 1649. 



THE SECOND HOUSE STOOD NEAR 
THIS SPOT, 1660-1730. 



THE BELL WAS FIRST HUNG IN A 
FRAME UPON THE ROCK. 



HISTORIC SPOTS 319 

No. 145 Main Street — 

THE PARSONAGE. 

THE FIRST HOUSE BUILT, 1651. 

BURNED, 1724. 

THE PRESENT HOUSE BUILT, 1724. 



HERE WAS BORN 
ADONIRAM JUDSON, 

AUG. 9, 1788. 

No. 51 Appleton Street — 

THE OLDEST HOUSE 

IN MALDEN. 

WITHIN THESE WALLS, TRADITION SAYS, 

EXIST THE REMAINS OF A HOUSE 

BUILT BY JAMES GREEN 

ABOUT 1649. 

South-west corner Green nnd Medford Streets — 

THE BURIAL GROUND OF SANDY BANK, 

NOW 

BELL ROCK CEMETERY, 

OPENED BEFORE 1649. 

THE EARLIEST STONE IS THAT OF ALICE BRACKENBURY, 1670. 

FORTY REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS ARE BURIED HERE. 

FORTY-EIGHT PERSONS BURIED IN CEMETERY PREVIOUS TO 1700. 

JVote. — This inscription was faulty. The graves of fort}- Revolu- 
tionarj- soldiers are marked by stones. Many others lie iiere whose 
graves cannot be identified. There are forty-eight gravestones bear- 
ing dates previous to 1700 ; but there were man}- more burials. 



On High Street, near Ashland Street — 



ON THIS SPOT LIVED 
REV. MICHAEL WIGGLESW^ORTH, 

SECOND PASTOR OF THE FIRST PARISH AND 

AUTHOR OF " THE DAY OF DOOM," 

AND HERE HE DIED, 

JUNE 10th, 1705. 



320 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
East of Unitarian Church, Eastern Avenue — 

NEAR THIS SPOT DWELT 
SIMON KNIGHTS. 

HE WAS BORN A SLAVE IN MALDEN 

IN 1770. 

DIED, 1847 

THE LAST SURVIVOR OF ENFORCED SERVITUDE IN MALDEN 



At the bridge, Middlesex Street — 

NEAR THIS SPOT WAS 

COYTMORE'S 

GRIST MILL. 

1640. 



Nos. 67-71 Pleasant Street — 



THIS BUILDING WAS THE 

SECOND MEETING HOUSE 

OF THE 

CENTRE M. E. CHURCH, 

1842-1874. 



Nos. 72-80 Pleasant Street ~ 



HERE WAS THE 
OLD BRICK SCHOOL HOUSE, 

1822-1848. 

No. 213 Pleasant Street — 

HERE WAS HELD THE FIRST SERVICE, 

OUT OF WHICH GREW 

THE CENTRE M E. CHURCH, 

AUG., 1816. 

No. 7 Elm Street — 

THE WASHINGTON ELM. 

HERE AT THE HOUSE OF 
CAPT. JOHN DEXTER 

WASHINGTON WAS ENTERTAINED, 
1775. 



IIISrORIC SPOTS 321 



Corner Main and Salem Streets — 



NEAR HERE DWELT 
DR. JOHN SPRAGUE, 

17S8-1803. 

HE WAS A DISTINGUISHED SURGEON OF THE 

NAVY OF THE REVOLUTION. 



Corner Main and Salem Streets — 



NEAR TIUS SPOT LIVED 

JOSEPH HILLS 



A PROMINENT MAN IN CHURCH AND STATE. 

HE CAME FROM MALDON, ENGLAND, 

TO NEW ENGLAND, 1638. 



SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF DEPUTIES, 1647; 
COMPILER OF THE MASSACHUSETTS LAWS, 1648. 



HE DIED AT NEWBURY, 1688. 



Main Street, near entrance to First Baptist Church — 

HERE WAS LOCATED 

THE 

FIRST HAND ENGINE, 

ALERT NO. 1, 
1820-1817. 

Corner Main and Barrett Streets — 

FORMERLY 
BARRETTS DYE HOUSE, 

1804-1882. 

No. 554 Main Street — 

HERE STOOD THE 

FIRST MEETING HOUSE 

OF THE 

CENTRE M. E. CHURCH, 

1826-1S42. 

Northeast corner Main Street and Mountain Avenue — 

HERE LIVED AND DIED 
CAPT. JOHN WAYTE, 

1G47-I6;i3. 
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF DEPUTIES, 1684. 
21 



322 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 
At the bridge on Mountain Avenue — 

HERK WAS THE MILLDAM OF 
THOS. COYTMORE, 1640. 

IN THE VALLEY BELOW WERE THE 

ODIORNE ROLLING AND NAIL MILLS, 

1806-1838. 
HERE THE FIRST PERFECT CUT NAILS WERE MADE. 

Nos. 1-1 1 Salem Street — 

COLUMBIAN TAVERN. 

HERE WAS 

THE FIRST POST OFFICE. 

JOHN SARGENT, POSTMASTER, 

, 1821-1830. 

First Baptist Cliurcli, Saleni Street — 

THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. 

THE FIRST HOUSE WAS BUILT ON THIS SPOT, 

1843. 

BURNED, 1855. 

THE SECOND HOUSE WAS BURNED, 1862. 

THE THIRD HOUSE DEMOLISHED, 181)1. 

THE FOURTH AND PRESENT HOUSE WAS BUILT, 1891. 

No. 70 Salem Street — 

t[IN A BARN NEAR THIS SPOT 
WAS GATHERED 
THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 

DECEMBER 17ih, 1803. 

West corner Salem and Sprague Streets — 

HERE WAS THE 
THIRD CENTRE SCHOOL HOUSE, 

1790-1822. 

East corner Salem and Sprague Streets — 

IN A HOUSE NEAR THIS SPOT 

BUILT BY JOSEPH HILLS 

BEFORE 1665, WAS THE 

TO^VN WORK HOUSE, 

1772-1786 



MARKED GRA VES 323 

Salem Street Cemeteiy — 

HERE STOOD THE HOUSE OF 
THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. 

1804-1S43. 

SALEM STREET CEMETERY, 

OPENED, 1832. 

East corner Salem and Porter Streets — 

HERE WAS THE 
HALF MOON TAVERN 

NEWHALL'S, 1707-1769. 

PORTER'S, 1769-1775. 

HERE WERE BROUGHT WOUNDED SOLDIERS 

FROM BUNKER HILL. 

Salem Street, opposite Webster Street — 

"WAITE'S TAVERN, 

1719-1809. 

THE ORIGINAL HOUSE WAS ON THE SOUTH SIDE OF THE ROAD 

AND WAS BURNED ABOUT THE BEGINNING 

OF THE REVOLUTION. 

THE SECOND HOUSE WAS BUILT UPON THIS SPOT 

AND WAS DEMOLISHED IN 1891. 

Salem Street, west of Columbia Street — 

HERE WAS BUILT ON LAND GIVEN BY 

THOMAS WAITE 
THE FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE 
IN EAST MALDEN, 

1771. 

MARKED GRAVES. 

Forty soldiers of the Revolution, whose places of interment are 
known, lie in the Bell Rock Cemeterv, while man}- others rest there in 
unknown graves. In the Salem Street Cemetery two others are 
buried. The known graves were marked b}- bannerets of buff and blue, 
the continental colors, inscribed, — REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIER. 
An interesting ceremony took place at the Bell Rock Cemeteiy on the 
afternoon of Saturday, Ma}- 20, when the graves were marked. On 
tliis occasion a delegation of the Deliverance Munroe Chapter, 



324 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Daughters of the llevohition, Mrs. Mav}' C. Eastman, regent, was 
present and rendered appropriate music at the commencement of the 
exercises. Besides those of the sokliers, five noteworth}' graves were 
marked by white bannerets. 

BELL ROCK CEMETERY. 

[sandy bank.] 

Alice Brackknbury, December 28, 16 70. 

[This is the oldest stone in the cemetery.] 
Capt. John Wayte, September 26, 1693. 

Rev. Michael Wigglesworth, June 10, 1705. 



Rev. Joseph Emerson, 
Rev. Eliakim Willis, 



Jul}- 13, 1767. 
March 14, 1801. 



Lieut. John Linton, 
Capt. Ebenezer Harnden, 
Capt. John Dexter, 
Benjamin Sprague, 
Dea. Joseph Perkins, 
Capt. Isaac Smith, 
Edward Newhall, 
Joseph Lynde, — 
Capt. John Dexter, 
Capt. Nathan Sargeant, 
Nehemiah Oakes, 
John Paine, 
David Sargeant, 
John Grover, 
Dr. John Sprague, 
Capt. Naler Hatch, 
Joseph Lynde, — 
Jacob Parker, 
Phineas Sprague, 
Lieut. Francis Phillips, 
Capt. Samuel Burdett, 
Joseph Barrett, 
William Dexter [Tomb No.3], 
Thomas Sargeant, 
Samuel Wait, 
Stephen Paine, 
Jonathan Oakes, Esq., 
Nathan Lynde \_Tomb No. 1], 
Capt. Edward Oakes, 
John Nichols, 
[It has been ascertained that the mark 
incorrect. John Nichols was buried in a grav 
MicAH Waitt', 
John Wait, 



September 24, 1781. 
July 8, 1786. 
May 17, 1790. 
February 15, 1791. 
July 23, 1793. 
December 13, 1795. 
October 8, 179 7. 
July 4, 1798. 
October 28, 1798. 
December 1, 1798. 
November 8, 1799. 
September 20, 1801. 
June 2, 1803. 
July 22, 1803. 
October 21, 1803. 
July 14, 1804. 
January 20, 1805. 
May 26, 180.3. 
December 29, 1805. 
December 31, 1805. 
April 21, 1809. 
July 10, 1809. 
December 24, 1811. 
May 16, 1812. 
January 10, 1815. 
December 18, 1815. 
August 16, 1818. 
January 12, 1819. 
November 10, 1819. 
January 23, 1821. 
ing of a tomb for this name wa.s 
which cannot now be identified.] 
November 20, 1822. 
January 9, 1825. 



CORRESPONDENCE 325 

Dea. John Ramsdill, February 7, 1825. 

Lieut.-Col. John Popkix [Popkin Tomb], May 8, 1827. 
Thomas Waitt, August 13, 1828. 

Stephen Tufts, March 12, 1832. 

Beknakd Green, Esq. [Greeii Toinb], July 15, 1834. — ' 
Capt. Amos Sargent [Sargeanl Tomb], August 12, 1836. 
John Pratt IPratt Tomb], August 22, 1842. 

David Waitt, November 11, 1843. ^ 

SALEM STREET CEMETERY. 

Capt. Joseph Cheever, October 23, 1830. 

Michael Neagles, April 22, 1836. 

Besides those officially distinguished in the Bell Rock Cemetery, a 
grave without a stone, supposed with good reason to be that of Lieut. 
Phineas Upliaui, was marked by a descendant. 

LIEUT. PHINEAS UPHAM, 

1635-1676. 

DIED FROM THE EFFECTS OF A WOUND RECEIVED 

IN THE great swamp FIGHT, 

KING PHILIP'S V\'AR, JAN. 6th, 1676. 



CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. 

From a mass of material, which collected during the preparation 
and continuance of the celebration, the following have been selected as 
of general interest. 

From the Mtyor of Maldoa, England. 

Brick House, Maldon, Essex, 22ud April, 1899. 
Dear Sir : — Thank you much for your cordial invitation to join 
in the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the 
incorporation of your town. Should like much to be present, but dis- 
tance and time will prevent. By this mail I send for your acceptance 
a short account of our old borough ; and if you could give me any in- 
formation of your early settlers, I would try to trace them. 

Yours very truly, 

Edward A. Fitch. 



326 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



3Iayor Dean to the Mayor of Maldon. 

Malden, Mass., May 13, 1899. 
Hon. Edward A. Fitch, Mayor of Maldon, Essex, England : 

Dear Sir: — Your valued communication of April 22nd duly 
received, also a copy of 3'our book entitled, Maldon and the Black- 
water. I appreciate 3'oui' kindness and am grateful for the trouble 
3'ou have taken. I regret that you will not be able to be with us on 
our birthday', but you ma}" be assured that the people of Maiden in 
New England will not forget the old mother on the Blackwater at that 
time. 

Our historian has given me the following items of information in 
regard to the old settlers ; and I hope that you ma}' be able to trace 
some of them as coming directly from 3'our borough. 

A leader in the settlement of our town was Joseph Hills, who was 
married at Burstead Magna, Billericay, in 1G24. He was of your 
parish of All Saints in 1G31 , and the births of his children are recorded 
there. In 1638 he came to New England with others. His son-in- 
law, John Wayte, who was a leading man here, was from Wethers- 
field, Essex. Another of our earl}' settlers, Richard Pratt, is said to 
have been a sou of John Pratt of your borough, where he was 
baptized in 1615. The authority' for this statement is not known. 
Salmon, History of Essex, 424, says that John Pratt, an alderman 
of Maldon, was buried in All Saints in 1619. Thomas Ruck, an 
earh' landholder but not a settler, is said to have come from Maldon. 

It may interest you to know that out of the little settlement of 
1649, which was named Maldon (now changed to Maiden), have grown 
tlu'ee cities with an aggregate population of about seventy thousand 
people. 

Again expressing our regret that 3'ou will not be able to be present 
at our anniversary exercises, I am, with kind regards, 

Veiy trul}' yours, 

Charles L. Dean, 

Mayor. 

From Hovmrd M. Holdeti, Kansas City, Mo. 

Kansas City, May 12, 1899. 
Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor, Maiden, Mass. : 

Dear Sir : — I have deferred acknowledging your kind invitation 

to the two hundred and fiftieth anniversar3' of the incorporation of 

Maiden as a town, hoping to be able to accept; but I regret that my 

engagements otherwise will deprive me of that pleasure. For indeed 

it would be a pleasure, tempered with the memories of scenes and 

faces of the elder days of Maiden that are no more. 



CORRESPONDENCE 327 

As a native' of Maiden and one whose aneestiy was identified with 
the place from its earliest years, I have felt an especial affection for 
it. As I write, the past rises before me like a dream. The old 
country roads, the mill-pond in the centre, the big square farmhouses, 
the rugged hills and mysterious woods, the old-time meeting-houses, 
and the ancient church yards where the " forefathers of the hamlet 
sleep," are the living memories of mj' boyhood. While 1 cannot 
remember so far back as the closing years of the matchless histor}- 
written by your distinguished townsman, Mr. Core}', the pictures of the 
town which he so vividly drew for the last century are true to the life 
of fiftj- 3'ears ago, so little had modern innovations then trans- 
pired. And while every loyal son of Maiden rejoices in the develop- 
ment and growth of later years, an enchantment covers the Maiden 
of those earlier days, and one can but feel with Wordsworth, when he 
contemplated the scenes of his childhood, " that there hath passed 
away a glory from the earth." 

The history of Maiden is a segment of the best of the history of 
the settlement, the civilization, and the political life of this continent. 
It was settled by some of the earliest of the adventurous and heroic 
men and women, who, in tlie fulness of time, were led by an Invisible 
Hand to these unknown shores for the founding of a nation upon the 
new basis of the rights of man. In all succeeding years, through 
colonial times, the Revolutionary struggle, and the subsequent events 
which have marked the formation and development of our government, 
Maiden has evei" borne an honorable part, along with her sister New 
England towns, in the establishment and maintenance of those prin- 
ciples which are the foundation of our greatness and material progress. 
The influences that have gone forth from New England, including the 
example of the most democratic of all institutions, the Now England 
town-meeting, have moulded the national character and given virility 
and strength to the national life. 

While on tiiis occasion we take a retrospective view of the cen- 
turies that are passed, we ma}' well cast the horoscope of the future 
of Maiden and of our common countr}'. In proportion as we hold to 
those principles which distinguished the earlier days, to the simplicity 
of democratic forms and methods of government, to an inviolable 
ballot and the purity of elections, to universal freedom and education, 
and to a high standard of individual, municipal, state, and national life 
shall our greatness increase and endure, and our influences for good 
over other peoples of the world be augmented. 

With renewed loyalty to these princii)les, let us trust that, directed 
b}'^ the same benign Hand that guided our fathers to these shores, the 
mission of our country shall be to lead in the worhl's advancement 
through the centuries that are to come. Upon that country, and par- 



328 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNirERSARY 

ticnlarly upon Maiden as a constituent part of it, let us in the sublime 
\^'Ol•ds of our New England poet, invoke the benediction of — 

" Our fathers' God, from out whose hand 
The centuries fall like grains of sand." 

Sincerely thanking 30U for your invitation, I remain, 
Very truly yours, 

Howard M. Holden. 

From the Rev. John Coleman Adams, D.D., JBrooklyn, N. Y. 

Brooklyn, N. Y., May 15, 1899. 
Charles L. Dean, Mayor of the city of Maiden : 

3fy dear Sir : — I deeply regret that I shall be unable to accept 
the invitation extended me to be the guest of the city on the occasion 
of the coming celebration. It would give me the keenest pleasure if 
it were possible, and there are especial reasons why I should have a 
deep interest in the exercises. Not only am 1 a native of Maiden, 
whose affection for his birthplace has always been warm and constant, 
but ni}' grandfather, William Barrett, was one of its most honored 
citizens. Moreover, my father, the Rev. John G. Adams, was pastor 
of the First Parish Church for fifteen jears, and was prominent on the 
occasion of the bi-centennial exercises in 1849. All these things draw 
me strongh- towards Maiden next week. But imperative duties prevent 
m}' attendance ; so I can only send mj- hearty congratulations to you, 
and an expression of my affectionate loyalty to the town of my birth. 
Ma}' her people know and enjo}' the privileges of pure homes, enlight- 
ened schools, and devout churches. " Peace be within her walls, and 
prosperitv within her palaces." 

With the most sincere regret. I am, my dear sir, 
Very cordiall}' yours, 

JoMN Coleman Adams. 

From Robert TF. Merrill., Grand Rapids, Mich. 

Grand Rapids, Mich., May 20, 1899. 
3Ir. Chairman: — If I could follow my fondest wish, I would be 
with you on this important anniversary da}' of m}' native town. . . . 
Several 3'ears ago I was among that class of IMalden adventurers who 
left you ; and like others I have remained away to see my country 
grow. Still my love goes back to the spot which gave me birth ; 
and the echoes of my voice in childhood from those old granite 
and porphyr}' rocks across the valley between Wayte's Mount and 
Sprague's Hill still reverberate in my fondest memory, as I shouted 
while I roamed over those beautiful hills, gathering hickory nuts in 



CORRESPONDENCE 329 

those primeval forests, or quenching a weary thirst at its cooling 
spring, after chasing some timid rabbit through the scrub oaks on the 
plateau above, or coasting down the old cart-path, between the bars, 
into Jerry Lord's fields below. ... 

Here it was that my early days passed most happily and many of 
my most valued friends reside ; and here lie the remains of Charles 
Merrill, m}' revered father. . . . 

As I cannot be with you, I send you all the greeting of an absent 
son of Maiden and glory with you in her illustrious anniversary. 

Robert Wilkins Merrill. 



From the President of the United States. 

[A telegram received at the Anniversartj BuiUiiii/j on the afternoon of May 22nd.) 

Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C, May 22, 1899. 
To Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor, Maiden, Mass. : 

Please accept for Maiden my congratulations upon the celebration 
of its two hundred and fiftieth anniversary. 

William McKinley. 



3Iayor Dean to President 3fcKhdey. 

Office of the Mayor, Malden, Mass., May 25, 1899. 
To the President: — Your very kind message of congratulations 
was duly received, and would have been acknowledged more promptly 
but for the many duties connected with our two hundred and fiftieth 
anniversaiy celebration, which required my immediate attention. 

Our citizens highly appreciate your kind courtesy, and thank you 
for your expression of friendship and good-will. 

Yours ver}' respectfully, 

Charles L. Dean, Itayor. 
Hon. William McKinley, Wasliington, D. C. 



From the Governor of New York. {Received by homing pigeoji.) 

Executive Chamber, Albany, N. Y., May 22, 1899. 
Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor, Maiden, Mass. : — 

Congratulations to your good city upon her two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary. 

Theodore Roosevelt. 



330 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Mayor Dean to Governor Roosevelt. 

Office of the Mayor, Malden, Mass., May 25th, 1899. 
To His Excellency the Governor, Albany, N. Y. : 

3Iy dear Sir: — Your kind message of congratulation upon the 
celebration of our two hundred and fiftietii anniversary, sent b}- hom- 
ing pigeon, was received about ten a. m., the 22nd inst., and would 
have been acknowledged at once but for the [)ress of numerous mat- 
ters attending our celebration. 

I assure you our citizens fully appreciate your expression of good- 
will and thank you for it. 

Respectfully yours, 

Charles L. Dean, 
Mayor. 
Hon. Theodore Roosevelt. 

From the Selectmen of Revere, 3Iass. 

Office of the Board of Selectmen, Revere, Mass., May 26, 1899. 
Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor of Maiden: 

Sir: — At a meeting of the Board of Selectmen held this day, it 
was unanimously voted to tender to you cordial and sincere thanks 
for the many courtesies so graciously extended, which enhanced the 
pleasure it derived while attending the two hundred and fiftieth anni- 
versarv of the incorporation of Maiden as a town. 

We beg to offer congratulations to you and your committees upon 
the marked success of each and every event in the program ; upon 
your city's past, full as it is of the achievements of an earnest, intelli- 
gent, and God-fearing people ; upon its present as a city of business 
thrift and beautiful environment ; upon its future, bright with the 
promise of all that is requisite to make an ideal community. 

It will be our constant aim to encourage and foster the harmonious 
relations that have always existed between our municipalities. 

Alfred S. Hall, Chairman. 
B. Frank DeButts, Clerk. 

Executive Committee to Committee of 3Mrose., 3fass. 

CITY OF MALDEN. 
Committee on Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary. 

Office of Executive Committee, Malden, May 27, 1899. 
Hon. Levi S. Gould, chairman Melrose celebration committee : 

My dear Sir : — At a special meeting of this committee held this 
evening, the following vote was unanimously passed : — 



CORRESPONDENCE 331 

Voted, That the executive committee of the general committee on 
the celebration of the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the in- 
corporation of the town of Maiden, appreciates the enthusiastic inter- 
est of the town of Melrose, as shown hy its active assistance in the 
preparations for the events of the celebration, and also b}' its partici- 
pation in the parade in a manner deserving of the highest praise. 

And this committee tenders its thanks and the thanks of the 
citizens of Maiden to the committee and citizens of Melrose for these 
expressions of affection for and interest in the mother town. 
Respectfully submitted, 

Albert Ammann, Clerk. 

Mayor Dean to the Mayor of Cambridge, Mass. 

Malden, Mass., May 31, 1899. 
Hou. Edgar R. Ciiamplix, Mayor of Cambridge, Mass. : 

3Iy dear Mr. Mayor: — Please accept for yourself and through 
3'ou for the members of the two branches of your city council, my 
sincere thanks in belialf of the city of Maiden and the committee on 
Historic Loan Exhibition, for the loan of the portrait of Hon. James 
D. Green, ex-mayor of 30ur cit}', for use during our two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversar}' exercises. I most heartih' appreciate jour kind 
courtes\' in granting us this favor. We thank you for yowx action, 
and shall hold it in friendly remembrance ; and I feel ver}' sure 
tliat the people of Maiden, one and all, will most cordially and 
lieartil}- endorse this. 

Very trul}- yours, 

Charles L. Deax, Mayor. 

From the Mayor of Ca^nbridye, Mass. 

Office of the Mayor, 
Cambridge, Mass., June 1, 1899. 

Hon. Charles L. Dean, Mayor of the city of Maiden, Maiden, Mass. : 

My dear Mr. Mayor : — Permit me to acknowledge your very kind 
communication of the 31st ultimo, and to assure you that Cambridge 
was happ3' to contribute to the celebration of Maiden by the loan of 
the portrait of the Hon. James D. Green. Personally, I congratulate 
yon upon the success of the celebration. It was simpl}' magnificent. 

With best wishes for your city and for yourself personally, I 
remain, 

Yours sincerely, 

Edgar R. Champlin, Mayor. 



332 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



GENERAL ORDER, No. 5. 

1. The chief marshal desires to express to those who took part in 
Tuesday's parade, and to those who in different ways contributed to its 
success, his appreciation of their work. 

2. The satisfactor}- carrying out of the parade was made possil)le 
only by the heart}- cooperation and earnest, willing work of the man}' 
participants. 

3. The chief marshal desires to compliment marshals of divisions 
and their staff officers on their efficient work. Division marshals are 
requested to convey' to their staff officers and to the various organiza- 
tions of their respective divisions his hearty thanks. 

4. The efficient work of the police department in cleaning streets 
and otherwise aiding in the movement of the parade deserves special 
mention. 

5. Thanks are due the street railway companies for their assist- 
ance in so arranging traffic that no interference occurred with the 
movements of the parade. 

By order of tlie chief marshal, 

H. E. Converse. 
Frank L. Locke, Chief of Staff] 



AFTERMATH. 



Rarely has a significant anniversary been celebrated with more 
enthusiasm or more justifiable local pride than that whose conclud- 
ing exercises were carried through on an elaborate scale at Maiden 
yesterdaj-. It does a town or a city good to reach one of these wa}'- 
marks in its progress. Its public spirit is quickened, its loyalty glows 
with new heat, its self-respect is intensified, and among the citizens of 
Maiden there is doubtless a keener sense of duty, opportunity, and 
responsibilit}- than there was a week ago. They have much to be 
proud of and much to be thankful for. They proba])ly realize to a 
greater degree than ever how large a factor in their municipal life 
and development one particular man has been. It has been Maiden's 
great good fortune that she has possessed a citizen like tlie Hon. 
Elisha S. Converse, whose discriminating public spirit and wise 
philanthropy have given the vitalizing touch to so many of her in- 
terests. Not that he monopolizes the public spirit or the philan- 
thropy of the place, for in those respects Maiden is well endowed ; but 
in the wealth and the purpose to give them conspicuous and practical 



AFTERMATH 333 

expression he has naturall}- been the leader. He has not wasted him- 
self in the development of fads, but has proved a well rounded and 
properly balanced benefactor. The religious, the literar}-, the aesthetic 
and the material needs of the city have all received generous remem- 
brance from him. He has shown rich men iiow to be wisely helpful 
and make their benefactions keep pace with their prosperity and the 
added responsibilil;}' that it imposes. Were all wealth as wisel}' em- 
plo3'ed as his has been, it would arouse but little jealousy or hoslilitj". 
The events of the last few days have doubtless been among the most 
pleasant experiences of his life. — Boston Transcript. 

What impressed the stranger was the unanimity of sentiment on 
the part of Maiden's own sons and daughters to make the event 
worthy of the ancient town, and in this tliey were eminentl}- suc- 
cessful. — Wohurn News. 

This thriving and beautiful city beyond the Mystic has always had 
a notable share of enlightened public spirit. That is being manifested 
anew in the character of its commemoration. The ceremonies have 
been planned with much felicity, and they are being carried out in a 
way which would be impossible in a comraunit}' less vigorous and 
progressive. This neighbor of ours beyond the Mystic is a fine t3'pe 
of the Massachusetts cit}', stead}' of growth, ambitious, prosperous, 
adding every year to its material importance and its attractiveness as 
a place of quiet, comfortable American homes. Proud as it is of the 
historic past, Maiden of to-dav is not buried in it. In spite of its 
two hundred and fifty years, the cit^' has all the characteristics of 
robust youth. There is not much visible antiquit}' in Maiden, but 
there is abundant life there — life of a kind which gives promise of a 
long continuance. — Boston Journal. 

Everything pertaining to the anniversar}- celebration was on a 
scale that, considering the resources and size of the cit}', has never 
been excelled in any of the anniversary celebrations whicli liave been 
so frequent in our New England cities and towns. Its business enter- 
prise and the public spirit of its citizens were demonstrated in a 
manner that made a marked impression upon all who had the good 
fortune to participate in or witness the exercises. The old mother 
town covered herself with glory, and gave her numerous i)rogcny a 
striking example of what they might hope to become when they have 
cast off their municipal swaddling-clothes. The arrangements for the 
mammoth affair were complete in ever}' detail, and furnished abundant 
evidence that when Maiden undertakes to do anything it does it well. 
Her children are proud of her, and will undoubtedly, wiien they attain 
the same advanced age, be content if they can do equally as well. — 
Ecerett Herald. 



334 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

As the Maiden celebration began with an invocation, so it ended 
with a prayer from the preacher that God's blessing might rest and 
abide with the people. The great wliite lights of the banquet hall 
shone stilly over the parti}- deserted tables, the chairs sitting in listen- 
ing, empty attitudes, cocked at angles toward the preacher on the 
high platform. Through the walls and doors came the shouts and 
the frequent explosions, the hawkers' cries and the shouts and laugh- 
ter, mingling and cutting through the prayer of the preacher. Women 
with gay gowns and bare arms, men in the black and white of civiliza- 
tion, decked with the insignia that meant work done for Maiden, sat 
respectful while the preacher prayed. 

The celebration for the common people concluded with the parade 
and tlie fireworks. The people who had done the work, and the in- 
vited dignitaries, finished off" the climax night of the celebration and 
sat late over the last morsel of it all. It was eleven o'clock before the 
carriages began to thicken before the door of the Anniversarv Hall. 

It was midnight before anything like quiet was to be had in Mai- 
den, and it was dawn before the streets were reallj' clear. And thus 
ended the finest celebration that has 3'et been seen in Massachusetts. 
There was not a slip nor a miss from Saturday till last night at mid- 
night. Even the accidents, which have come to be regarded as the 
inevitable concomitants of public rejoicing, were absent. To be sure, 
one man was hurt during the parade by his horse falling backward 
upon him. But nobody was killed, though there were several threats 
that the fatal accident was to happen. The balloon ascension carried 
a woman aeronaut up helpless, and dropped her safe ; a stand for re- 
viewing the parade came down, and the peoi)le miraculously escaped ; 
the president at the literary exercises was taken ill with an attack of 
a dangerous disease, a disease that kills at a stroke ; yet he recovered 
almost completely. 

The weather in Maiden followed the steady upward tendency of 
the interest-line. Beginning with the first day of the celebration, it 
steadily improved, until the last day, which dawned in the morning 
as perfect as the worst martinet could wish. Cold, rain, clouds, were 
all gone, and a sweet, warm air, not too warm either, greeted the 
marching bands and companies as they went down to their positions 
in the line. 

The curve of dynamic interest was steady from first to last, and 
there was no anticlimax. — Boston Journal. 

Rejuvenated, bright, and beautiful, nnd with every indication of 
continued prosperity. Maiden enters u[)on her half-millennial with re- 
newed energy and vigor. She has passed her two hundred and fiftieth 
birthday, and the epoch in her existence was most fittingly observed. 



AFTERMATH 335 

The city government, churches, schools, fraternal and social organiza- 
tions, and private individuals united in making the celebration a suc- 
cess, and the result was beyond their fondest anticipations. An 
executive committee of exceptional efHciency had charge of the entire 
affair, and with each individual member the duties of his or her posi- 
tion preceded private business, so that every detail was personally 
and carefuU}^ looked after, leaving nothing lacking, nothing to be de- 
sired. Tlie thousands of visitors to our city must have been impressed 
witli its natural beaut^', the evidences of enterprise on every side, the 
handsome public and pi'ivate buildings, especially our churches and 
schools, and the open-handed hospitaUty of our people. Maiden has 
much to be proud of, much to be thankful for. — Maiden Mirror. 

Old Dame Maiden has finished her birthday celebration. It took 
three da3's to crowd into the affair all the hilarit}' which her children 
deemed necessary ; but then, what are three days in two hundred and 
fift}' years? This morning she will probabl}- awake with a headache 
after all the din of yesterday's parade and the grand banquet of last 
night, and in all likelihood have palpitation of the heart for a few days 
when her thoughts flow in a reminiscent vein ; but with these various 
flutterings there will be the comforting feeling that her children are 
proud of her, and no regrets that she made a few concessions from 
her original Puritan ideas so long as the}' gave pleasure to them. 

Yesterda}' was the day of days for her. Satui'day and Sunday 
and Monday simpl}' paved the way. She had the governor of the 
commonwealth for a guest, and not merelj" him, but his lady as well. 
When she was introduced to him she said his name had a familiar 
sound. His ancestors were neighbors about the time she left her 
father's house in Medford and started housekeeping for herself on 
the south bank of the Mystic. Massy me ! And she was so glad to 
see him ! 

It really almost lifted off the top of her head, the noise and the 
frolic and the fireworks and the various kinds of excitement ; but then, 
we let the boys have their fireci'ackers and their toy cannon on the 
Fom'th of Jul}', which comes eveiy year, while it is fifty years since 
there was anything like this in Maiden. And in fact it was n't very 
much like this, either, when she celebrated her two hundredth birth- 
da}'. Of course, it was very nice and very appreciative, but in fifty 
years Maiden has grown from a small town to a bustling city ; she has 
three or four times as many children within her borders, and a half- 
century of modern progress has produced an enthusiasm which would 
have frightened the celebrators of 1849. 

This morning the old dame is busy taking down the tricolored 
decorations put up in her honor, and cleaning up the inevitable clutter 



336 T]VO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

after such a celebration. She thanks the Lord for the good weather 
vouchsafed her for her anniversar}' ; she feels grateful to her neigh- 
bors and her children for their efforts, which made the affair such a 
spontaneous success, and when she leans on her broom in some remi- 
niscent dream and thinks particularly of tlie events of the previous 
twenty-four hours, she involuntarily puckers up her old lips and 
whistles a bar (in the past tense) of " There'll be a Hot Time in the 
Old Town to-night." — Boston Herald. 

Maiden made a splendid showing at the celebration of her two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary last Monday and Tuesday. Success 
attended every detail. The entire jubilation was in ever}' way cred- 
itable to tlie pretty and thriving cit^', which thus made evident its 
attractiveness, and the progressive attainments of two and a half 
centuries. — Old Colony Memorial (^Plymouth). 

The scholarly oration of Hon. A. H. AVellman, son of the distin- 
guished Congregational minister of that name, was enough to redeem 
any celebration from the charge of being commonplace. The program 
is sufficiently varied to furnish something for every variety of taste ; 
and the citizens have entered into the spirit of the occasion with a 
heartiness that insures its complete success. The decorations have 
been highly commended, and nothing appears to be lacking to mark 
this as one of the most noteworthy of all our municipal anniversaries. 
— Zion^s Herald. 

Maiden is one of the prettiest and most progressive of our north- 
ern suburbs. Guided by some wise heads, she has carried her prog- 
ress not over but around the natural beauties with which she w-as 
blessed at her birth. In a happy way she has solved the problem of 
how to have factories and have walks, woods, and parks, too. Among 
the belt of cities that surround Boston, JNIalden has, therefore, a pecu- 
liar place. We should say that the northern and eastern suburbs had 
now fairly entered upon that stage of rearrangement which gives to 
cities and towns their final character, and that hereafter they will di- 
vide with those to the south and the west the attractions that draw so 
many travellers to our city and its vicinity. — Boston Transcript. 

The affair was a success, from start to finish. — Beacon {Dor- 
chester) . 

Maiden, to the casual topographer, lias tluis far seemed aggres- 
sively suburban. One had been wont to think of it as a town whose 
men flowed in and out of the city as a daily tide, independent of the 
moon, and whose women helped swell this tide on pleasant Mondays. 
But Maiden suddenly discovered that she was two hundred and fifty 
years old, and determined others should know it too. Therefore she 



AFTERMA TH 337 

has had a celebration. It has been a good one, too, and one worth 
while going to, if for nothing else, at least for the abounding proofs 
that she is much more than a suburb. As a modern city of thirty 
thousand inhabitants and over, she has more than her share of hand- 
some buildings, some of them of artistic framing. As an old town, 
while there is nothing very individualizing in her history, there is a 
wealth of association, and the genealoger greets genial, generous 
ground. The cheerful optimist (and one should be no other during a 
celebration) found the streets of Maiden a delight. — Time and the 
Hour. 

This is one of the gem cities of the commonwealth. Maiden has 
been ancient, and we see it has been honorable. Her broad streets, 
her beautiful residences, and her elegant pubUc buildings bespeak a 
deep and broad-minded statesmanship and a pride of locality that in 
many respects this city could copy to advantage. — Brockton Times. 

There is no doubt that Maiden made a great success of its two 
hundred and fiftieth anniversary celebration. In every detail it was 
one of the most satisfactory achievements of its kind that have been re- 
corded in this vicinity. The arrangements were carefully planned and 
intelligently carried out. — Churlestoion Enterprise. 

A civic demonstration which has not often been surpassed in inter- 
esting features. Our towns and cities in this part of the countr}' are 
beginning to feel their age, not in a depressing way, but as something 
to be proud of; and Maiden's two and a half centuries of corporate 
existence have been full of honor, and the anniversary finds the old 
town and the young city in the best condition to pose as an example 
of municipal progress. Among the communities included in the Bos- 
ton metropolitan district, Maiden is one of the most robust, prosper- 
ous, and progressive. As a place of residence it is most attractive. 
In business enterprise, it is active and successful. The public spirit 
of its citizens is notable. The celebration was wisely planned to illus- 
trate these features, and it has been well carried out. The anniver- 
sary week will long be remembered ; its proceedings will form a 
notable chapter in local histor}-. ^ Boston Post. 

The Maiden celebration was an event worthy of all the time, labor, 
and money expended. It will give to that city a new energy, develop 
new men, and make conspicuous the great resources that have been 
the reserve force in Maiden for so many years. Maiden is prosper- 
ous, and her leading men are strong, inlluential, and patriotic. — 
Melrose Journal. 

Now we '11 recognize Maiden as somewhat near our size. — 
Cambridge Times. 

22 



338 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 

Two hundred and Mty years is a ripe old age, and it is fitting 
that a municipality and its neighbors join .in retrospective and pro- 
spective gratulation. Maiden has much to be proud of and to be 
thankful for ; and she will be more proud and more thankful as a 
result of her citizens' loyalty and her neighbors' respect as shown 
during the present week. — JamauM Plain News. 

It is to be noted and commended that the program for JNIalden's 
jubiiee-keepiug has been made up with a view of meeting all the 
reasonable wishes of the population. Too often the observance of 
anniversaries in the case of our towns has been of a purely formal 
character, and chiefly confined to oratory. Maiden seems to realize 
that a celebration ought to mean a good deal more than speech- 
making or a parade. — Boston Globe. 

Maiden celebrated royall}' and entertained lavishly. She has set 
the standard for anniversary celebrations so high tliat it will be years 
before it is excelled in this commonwealth. — Somerville Journal. 

There are not many towns in this country that can taliv of so 
many years, or lay claim to a more honorable record. AVe wish the 
people of that locality much joy. — Neioport (R. I.) JVeios. 

The Maiden anniversary celebration was a triumph in every par- 
ticular, and our neighboring city will undoubtedly experience a boom 
greater than ever before. Splendid management has cliai-acterized 
the whole affair, and every feature of the program was carried out in 
clock-like precision. — Revere Journal. 

Members of the executive committee, and all the sub-committees 
having charge of the arrangements for the preparation and carrying 
out of the celebration of Maiden's two hundred and fiftieth anniver- 
sary of its incorporation as a town, to you all we tender our hearty 
congratulations. Never was there a more complete success, and 
it will appear as a shining mark in Maiden's history to all coming 
generations. — 3Ialden Evening News. 

The newspaper men, who have been working at the Maiden fes- 
tival since last Friday, have agreed tiiat there has never been shown 
to them more complete courtesy, nor has ever so much guarding of 
their rights and fostering of their privileges been seen. At every 
point wliere their work could be helped, or made easier, work has 
been done by the committee in charge. Large headquarters were 
provided in the centre of the city, and these rooms were furnished 
with type-writers, telephones, lunch, and attendants. Badges were 
issued to the reporters, taking them everywhere they needed to go, 
and endless attention to details made their work easier. — Boston 
Journal. 



RECEIPTS AND EXPENDTTUHES 339 

The committees in chtirge of the various features were untiring in 
their efforts to make tlie event memoral)le. Especial!}' was this true 
in tlieir attitude toward visitors, and whoever was in Maiden during 
the festival came away with pleasant recollections. None were more 
thoughtful of the comfort and pleasure of their brethren than the 
press committee, and in ways too numerous to mention they dis- 
played the fraternal spirit, and made the newspaper men feel as 
though the}- were in every respect guests of honor. The Maiden com- 
mittees were to the full extent quite up to date. — Ly)m Item. 

The long and appreciative stories of the celebration printed in the 
newspapers were splendid advertisements for Maiden, and practical 
examples of the good fruit that comes from decent and courteous 
treatment of the men who have to do the work. — Brocliton 
Enterprise. 

STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AXD EXPENDITURES. 

EfCCiptS. 

Appropriation by City Council $17,500.00 

Contribution from Boston & Maine R. R 500.00 

" " Boston P:ievated Railway Co. . . . 500.00 

" " Lynn & Boston R. R 300.00 

Sales of OfHcial Pi'ograms 255.00 

" Hist. Loan Exhibition Catalogues 80.00 

Rent of Anniversary Building 300.00 

$19,435.00 
lEip£ntiitiir£S. 

By Committee on Invitations $173.48 

" '■'• '' Literary Exercises . . . 164.21 

" •• •' Musical PLxercises . . . 580.17 

•' " '^ Military and Civic Parade 3,072.79 
" '' " Salutes, Decorations, and 

Fireworks 1,595.38 

'• •• " Banquet (self-supporting). 
" '' Concert and Ball (self-sup- 
porting). 
" " Athletic and Field Sports 1,210.00 
'• " •• Children's Entertainments 559.95 
" " " Observation Stands . . 396.75 
" " Transj)ortation and Car- 
riages 428.50 

>' Badges 312.00 

Amounts carried forward . 88,493.23 $19,435.00 



340 TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY 



Arnoimts brought forward 

By Committee on Reception of Guests 

" '' '^ Reception of the Press 

" " " Marking Historic Spots 

'' " " Historic Loan Exhibition 

" " " Police 

" " " Information .... 

" " " Emergency .... 



Jiy the JExecutive Committee : — 

For Anniversary Bnilding, Janitor Service, etc 

" '' '• Plumbing . 

" " " Rent of Chairs 

" '' *•' Decorations . 

" Public School Exercises .... 

" Parocliial School Exercises . . 

" Band Stands, Band Concerts, Chairs, etc 

" Expenses Dodd's Cavalry 

'' Clerical Services, Printing, Stationery 
Postage, etc., less sundry receipts 

Balance 



5,493.23 
356.12 
661.74 
124.05 
825.06 
999.80 
118.15 
40.67 



3,309.17 
128.00 
400.00 
260.00 
360.10 
125.00 
543.68 
299.13 



$19,435.00 



958.33 $18,002.23 



,432.77 



Note. — Bv an order of the city council, the committee is author- 
ized to expend this balance in defraying the expenses of tlie celebra- 
tion, " including the expenses of the preparation and publication of 
the memorial volume." 



